Suchergebnisse

von Otto von Vossler ; IMD-Felder und 1131 maschinell ergänzt (SWB)

Cover -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Foreword -- Jan Jaap de Ruiter -- Introduction -- I. The Qur'anic Ethics of "Nature": Gender, Sexuality, and Diversity -- 1a. Human Nature: Mirroring the Will of God -- 1b. Condemnation of "Immoral" Practices -- II. Distressing Qur'anic Verses? -- 2a. The Original Sodomy: Forbidding Ritual Rape -- 2b. The Absence of Female Homosexuality in the Qur'an -- 2c. Positive Representations of Gender Minorities in the Qur'an -- III. The Prophet: A Living Incarnation of Qur'anic Ethics -- 3a. Was the Prophet Homophobic and Transphobic? -- 3b. The Status of Mukhannathun: "Effeminate," Trans, or Gay? -- 3c. The First "Sodomite": Neither Gay nor Trans, but a Rapist -- IV. Islamic Apocrypha Advocating the Stoning of "Sodomites" -- 4a. The Sectarian Ideology of Fatwas Associating "Sodomy" with Apostasy -- 4b. A Former Mukhannath's Internalized Homophobia and Misogyny -- 4c. What the Different Islamic Schools of Thought Advocate -- V. Postcolonial Orientalisms -- VI. "Abnormals": From Cultural Diversity to Dogmatic Uniformity -- VII. Towards a Structural Reevaluation of Cultural Values -- VIII. Pan-Arabist Literary and Identity Censorship -- IX. Orientalist Shi'ism and Literary Homoeroticism -- X. Homonationalism and Performative Sexual Categorization -- XI. A "Crisis" of Categories, Geopolitics or Civilization -- Conclusion -- Afterword -- Adi S. Bharat -- Bibliography -- Index -- List of Figures -- Figure 1 Hadith classification -- Figure 2 Chains of narration of apocryphal hadiths concerning mukhannathun -- Figure 3 Chains of narration of apocryphal hadiths condemning 'sodomites' -- Figure 4 Apocryphal hadiths concerning the execution or stoning of 'sodomites'.

Front Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary: The Elusive Promise of Productivity -- 1. Sources of Growth in Agriculture -- Improving Agricultural Productivity: Traversing the Last Mile toward Reducing Extreme Poverty -- Poverty Reduction, Productivity Growth, and Economic Transformation -- Trends in Land and Labor Productivity -- Conceptualizing Sources of Agricultural Growth -- The Increasing Importance of TFP in Driving Agricultural Output Growth -- What Will Accelerate Agricultural TFP? -- Annex 1A. Issues in Measuring Agricultural Productivity -- Notes -- References -- 2. Misallocation and Productivity Growth -- The Potential for Productivity Gains from Reallocation -- Insights on Farm Size and Productivity -- Labor Productivity and Structural Transformation -- Annex 2A. Microdata Sources for Measuring Labor Productivity in China and India -- Annex 2B. Distribution of Workdays by Farm and Nonfarm Activities in a Typical Month for an Average Adult Worker in India -- Annex 2C. Labor Productivity Differences by Farm Size -- Annex 2D. Labor Productivity Differences by Education Level -- Annex 2E. Drivers of Wage Differentials between Farm and Nonfarm Work in China -- Notes -- References -- 3. Investing in Innovation -- Agriculture Innovation Policy in a Changing Global Context -- Agriculture R& -- D Spending Worldwide: Increasing but Uneven -- Revitalizing Public Research -- Providing Incentives for Private Innovation -- Concluding Remarks -- Annex 3A. Market Liberalization in Africa's Maize Seed Industry -- Annex 3B. Do Plant Breeders' Rights Stimulate Investment in Crop Improvement? -- Annex 3C. Herbicide Demand and Regional Harmonization of Regulations in Africa -- Notes -- References -- 4. Improving the Enabling Environment for Technology Adoption.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- CONTEXT -- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS -- OUTLOOK AND RISKS -- PROGRAM DISCUSSIONS -- A. Fiscal Policy -- B. Electricity and Water Sector Policies -- C. Monetary and Financial Policy -- D. Structural Reforms to Enhance Inclusive Growth -- PROGRAM MODALITIES AND FINANCING -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. Income Tax Reform -- 2. Energy Sector Reform -- FIGURES -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators -- 2. Program Performance -- 3. Outlook and Risks -- 4. Monetary Developments, 2013-19 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic Indicators and Macroeconomic Outlook, 2017-24 -- 2a. Central Government: Summary of Fiscal Operations, 2017-24 (In millions of Jordanian dinars) -- 2b. Central Government: Summary of Fiscal Operations, 2017-24 (In percent of GDP) -- 2c. Central Government: Summary of Quarterly Fiscal Operations, 2018-20 -- 2d. NEPCO Operating Balance and Financing, 2017-24 -- 2e. WAJ and Distribution Companies Balance and Financing, 2017-24 -- 3a. Summary Balance of Payments, 2017-24 -- 3b. External Financing Requirements and Sources, 2017-24 -- 3c. Foreign Exchange Needs and Sources, 2017-24 -- 3d. Identified Sources of Public External Financing, 2017-24 -- 4a. Monetary Survey, 2017-20 -- 4b. Summary Accounts of the Central Bank of Jordan, 2017-20 -- 5. Access and Phasing Under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) -- 6. Indicators of Fund Credit, 2017-24 -- 7. Capacity to Repay Indicators, 2017-24 -- 8. Structural Benchmarks, 2017-19 -- ANNEX -- I. Debt Sustainability Analysis -- APPENDIX -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding (TMU).

Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- 1 Road Map to the Report -- Introduction -- The Untapped Potential of African Agriculture -- The Importance of Improving Connectivity -- Requirements for Improving Connectivity -- Literature on the Relationship between Infrastructure and Welfare -- The Structure of the Report -- New Techniques for Answering Questions in Infrastructure Economics -- Notes -- References -- 2 Welfare Effects of Road Infrastructure -- Introduction -- Challenges in Estimating the Economic Effects of Transport Cost Reductions -- Using the Results to Evaluate the Economic Impact of Prospective Road Investments -- Final Words and Caveats -- Annex 2A: Summary Statistics -- Annex 2B: Regression Results -- Annex 2C: Multidimensional Poverty Index -- Notes -- References -- 3 Impact of Transport Cost on Technology Adoption -- Introduction -- Motivation -- Theory and Hypotheses -- Estimating Impacts of Roads on Technology Adoption Using SPAM Data -- Estimating Impacts of Roads on Technology Adoption Using LSMS Data -- Estimating the Differential Impact of Roads on Modern versus Traditional Farmers -- Conclusions -- Annex 3A: Theoretical Model -- Annex 3B: Spatial Production Allocation Model Regression Results -- Annex 3C: Living Standards Measurement Study Regression Results -- Notes -- References -- 4 Role of Transport Infrastructure in Conflict-Prone and Fragile Environments: Evidence from the Democratic Republic of Congo -- Introduction -- Why the DRC? -- Challenges in Estimating the Effect of Transport Cost and Conflict -- Innovations and Contributions of This Chapter -- Estimating Impacts of Roads and Conflict and Their Combined Effect on Welfare -- Main Findings -- Concluding Comments -- Annex 4A: Theoretical Framework -- Annex 4B: Summary Statistics and Regression Results -- Notes.

"Date originated 05/09/79; date updated 05/14/80." ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Description based on print resource; title from title page.

Con motivo de una polémica sentencia dictada en el caso de menor cuantía 5612001 del Juzgado de Primera Instancia número 22 de Barcelona, se ha abierto un intenso debate en España sobre la conveniencia o no de aplicar el canon que establece el articulo 25 de nuestra Ley de Propiedad Intelectual-artículo 25 del Real Decreto Legislativo 1/1996, de 12 de abril, por el que se aprueba el texto refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, regularizando, aclarando y armonizando las disposiciones legales vigentes sobre la materia a determinados soportes digitales.El debate se centra, como en otras muchas ocasiones en este ámbito, en conciliar una norma pensada para entornos analógicos con el entorno digital, ya que, en este último, tanto los datos como los programas, música o imágenes no necesitan dispositivos diferenciados para almacenarse o reproducirse.

Context Management of wild horses (Equus caballus) on public lands in the western United States by gathering and removing surplus animals has historically failed to keep up with annual population growth. Research has yielded several effective contraceptive agents but these agents have not been widely applied, especially on difficult-to-access horses occupying expansive ranges. Aims This study examined wild horse population growth reduction associated with controlled-release PZP-22 immunocontraceptive vaccine treatments in two challenging herd management areas (HMA) in the western United States. Methods Populations of wild horse herds at Cedar Mountain HMA, Utah (CM), and Sand Wash Basin HMA, Colorado (SWB), USA, were primed with PZP-22 in gathers conducted in 2008 and 2012 (CM only) and boosted with PZP-22 or native PZP administered by dart (SWB in 2010) or by hand (CM in 2012). The two herds were intensively observed between 2008 and 2015. Population size, mortality, reproductive rates and growth rates were calculated from exhaustive inventories of known individuals. Key results Adult and foal mortality were low at both sites. Consequently, both reproductive rates and population growth rates were strongly predicted by a fertility control index, the product of proportion of mares treated and vaccine efficacy. Following the 2012 CM gather, at which 69% of the mares present were treated, only 20% of mares in the herd foaled, and population growth rate decreased by 74% relative to baseline levels, emphasising the importance of treating a large majority of mares. Conclusions Contraception can significantly reduce rates of population growth in wild horse herds that occupy large areas and are challenging to access. Multiple-year efforts and recruitment of new mares into the treatment population beyond the initial application are needed to achieve a biologically significant impact. Implications The strong quantitative relationship between proportion of mares treated and vaccine efficacy and population growth rates should allow managers to better forecast the effort and number of removals (if any) needed to cost-effectively regulate wild horse population numbers and protect the range ecosystem.