pt. I. Feminist ethics : cross-cultural reflections and its implications for change -- pt. II. Researching physical and sexual violence in nonacademic settings : a need for ethical protocols -- pt. III. Human agency, reciprocity, participation and activism : meanings for social science research ethics -- pt. IV. Emotions, conflict and dangerous fields : issues of "safety" and reflective research -- pt. V. Social science education : training in ethics or "ethical training" and "ethical publicizing."
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ePDF and ePUB available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Since the mid-2010s, virtual reality (VR) technology has advanced rapidly. This book explores the many opportunities that VR can offer for humanities and social sciences researchers.
The book provides a user-friendly, non-technical methods guide to using ready-made VR content and 360° video as well as creating custom materials. It examines the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to using VR, providing helpful, real-world examples of how researchers have used the technology.
PUBLISHED ; Since their re-establishment in the early decades of the nineteenth century the Jesuits have successfully maintained a position at the pinnacle of Catholic elite education. In this article I propose to discuss Irish education in the context of global trends in cosmopolitan and elite forms of education. All across Europe we find the Jesuits competing for regional elites and sub elites in this period, and the Irish Jesuits are part of this transnational pattern. I will then focus on the two most important nineteenth century foundations ?Tullabeg (1818-86) and Clongowes (1814-)? as the exemplary ?elite? Jesuit boarding schools in Ireland. I will then briefly discuss two less socially ascendant but nevertheless important day schools, Belvedere College (1841-) and Gonzaga (1899-), both in Dublin. The educational product was intentionally politically muted, informed by a desire for Catholic advancement in all aspects of life, including imperial service, religious leadership, gaining a foothold in the prestigious professions, and ?where possible? advocating for general Catholic advancement. As with Jesuit education elsewhere in this period it was an explicitly elitist project at the beginning of the nineteenth century, with greater market segmentation evident later in the century with the advent of the prestigious urban day-schools.
This dissertation analyzes the emergence of an alternative form of inquiry to that which has dominated the Anglophone social sciences for over half a century. Examining the philosophies of Leo Strauss, Alasdair MacIntyre, and Charles Taylor, it ultimately seeks to vindicate a humanistic and interpretive approach to the study of politics against the ongoing tendency towards mechanistic and pseudo-scientific forms of explanation.An introduction gives readers the necessary background context for understanding the importance of these controversies. The contributions of Strauss, MacIntyre, and Taylor are to be understood in light of an intellectual, cultural, and political movement which I describe as "positivism." Because this form of positivism continues to be of great influence today, the contributions of these three political philosophers also remain relevant.The first part of the dissertation treats the work of Strauss. Chapters 1 and 2 argue that Strauss's critique of social science, while marking an important first wave of resistance against positivism, nevertheless falls short. Although Strauss identifies some of the key problems with mainstream social scientific inquiry, his alternative remains inadequate.The second part of the dissertation examines MacIntyre's and Taylor's respective critiques of social science. Chapters 3 through 6 argue that these two philosophers have successfully criticized modern social science, while also proposing a viable, interpretive alternative. These chapters also argue that MacIntyre and Taylor provide us with an approach to social science that overcomes the supposed dichotomy between facts and values. Rather than dichotomizing empirical and normative inquiry, MacIntyre and Taylor each devise novel ways of joining empirical research with moral and political reflection.
L'étude pose le problème du statut scientifique de la pratique du chercheur en science sociale dans les contextes non producteurs de savoir. Comment opérer avec des formes de savoir produites ailleurs? Telle est la question que nous avons essayé de décrypter à travers les débats développés, d'une part par les sociologues arabes et, d'autre part l'approche mise en œuvre par Arkoun, Djaït et El Jabri dans leur analyse des réalités arabo-musulmanes. Le traitement de la raison tel qu'il se donne à voir à travers les démarches examinées met au jour la pertinence de la médiation contextuelle qui ne peut se réduire à un simple transfert des outils d'analyse. L'intercontextualité comme pratique est de la sorte induite par le travers de décontextualisation-recontextualisation opéré à l'intérieur du champ de la recherche. Elle est inscrite en creux dans l'exercice d'analyse et se présente à la fois comme dimension épistémologique et herméneutique.
Not very long ago quantitative historians were on the offensive. Only a decade back the eminent "Annales School" French historian Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie stated in the English language translation of a work he had published a decade earlier in his native language that "tomorrow's historian will have to be able to program a computer in order to survive," and that "history that is not quantifiable cannot claim to be scientific." In America, where even more champions of quantitative work resided, several new journals were founded in the 1970s such as the Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Historical Methods, and Social Science History which were explicitly devoted to new social scientific approaches to the study of history and above all to quantitative approaches. And even in Germany, which seemed the most immune to the quantitative contagion of all the major western lands, owing perhaps to its long entrenched historicist traditions and to its historians' preoccupations with the tragic happenings of its still recent past, the decade of the seventies saw the development of several new outlets for quantitative and social scientific historical research such as Geschichte und Gesellschaft and Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung. Hence to most professional historians, whether they liked it or not, quantitative history appeared to be the wave of the future, and ignoring the new possibilities offered by the computer appeared to risk being relegated to the proverbial dustbin.
Inequality and democracy are far more compatible empirically than social conflict theory predicts. This article speaks to this puzzle, identifying the scope conditions under which democratization induces greater redistribution. Because autocrats sometimes have incentives to expropriate economic elites, who lack reliable institutions to protect their rights, elites may prefer democracy to autocratic rule if they can impose roadblocks to redistribution under democracyex ante. Using global panel data (1972–2008), this study finds that there is a relationship between democracy and redistribution only if elites are politically weak during a transition; for example, when there is revolutionary pressure. Redistribution is also greater if a democratic regime can avoid adopting and operating under a constitution written by outgoing elites and instead create a new constitution that redefines the political game. This finding holds across three different measures of redistribution and instrumental variables estimation. This article also documents the ways in which elites 'bias' democratic institutions.
Political scientists have conventionally assumed that achieving democracy is a one-way ratchet. Only very recently has the question of "democratic backsliding" attracted any research attention. We argue that democratic instability is best understood with tools from complexity science. The explanatory power of complexity science arises from several features of complex systems. Their relevance in the context of democracy is discussed. Several policy recommendations are offered to help (re)stabilize current systems of representative democracy. ; ISSN:2662-9992
This doctoral thesis contains two parts: a critical exegesis in English and a scholarly translation in Spanish. With the latter comprising a book-length collection of essays from Contrary Notions. The Michael Parenti Reader (2007), this study seeks to contextualize Parenti's work within the global translation market; additionally, it examines the researcher's translation of Russell Crandall's Gunboat Democracy: U.S. Interventions in the Dominican Republic, Grenada and Panama (2006), published in Spanish as Democracia a la fuerza. Intervenciones estadounidenses en la República Dominicana, Granada y Panamá (2011). Involving process- and product-oriented issues in two English-to-Spanish book translations in the social sciences, this study focuses on the rendering of metaphor and other stylistic devices, while delving into the role of the translator in replacing, via a text-holistic strategy of compensation, sentence-level loss with book-length gains. Additionally, in the context of the researcher's own second-language (L2) translations, it seeks to challenge underlying assumptions regarding first-language (L1) translation and the privileged status it holds with regard to directionality and argues that, when it comes to identifying L1 and L2 proficiency in the context of translation, the intricacies involved require nuanced approaches, leaving little or no room for facile prescriptions of a binary nature. Further, this study examines the translator's agency and collaborative-intervenient role as writer and researcher in producing, with authorial consent, bibliographically-expanded texts to meet target-culture expectations regarding scholarly work with local implications. Drawing from this researcher's extensive communications with publishers in relation to the Crandall source and target texts, this study also examines, within the framework of agency, the translator's role as de-facto literary agent from project conception and proposal submissions to peritextual production and rights-related negotiations. In short, this thesis represents a practice-led case study on translating scholarly non-fiction—challenges posed, strategies developed and agency wielded in creating Spanish versions of two books in the social sciences.
SUMMARY: This introduction to the forum places its contributions into a larger context of debates about dynamics in the fields of humanities and social sciences in imperial Russia and the Soviet Union. This research perspective informed the focus of the collaborative research project "The Constitution of Humanities and Social Sciences in Russia: Networks and Circulations of Models of Knowledge from the Eighteenth Century to the 1920s." The primary impetus for the project's organizers came from the French academic tradition, specifically, studies of "cultural transfers," or to use the terminology preferred by some project participants, "histoire croisée" or cultural circulation that have been popular since the 1980s. Of no less importance was the desire to modify this paradigm by introducing the approaches of imperial history and the repertoire of research problems characterizing studies of Soviet modernity. Введение в форум помещает вошедшие в него статьи в более широкий контекст дискуссий о гуманитарных и социальных науках в имперской России и СССР. Эта тематика стала определяющей для международного проекта "Становление гуманитарных и социальных наук в России: сети и циркуляции моделей знания с XVIII века до 1920-х годов". Основным стимулом для организаторов проекта явилась французская традиция истории науки, и прежде всего, ставшие популярными в 1980-е годы исследования "культурных трансферов", или, как предпочитают называть свою дисциплину некоторые участники проекта, "histoire croisée" (история культурной циркуляции). Не менее важным было стремление привнести в эту парадигму подходы имперской истории и проблематику изучения советской модерности.
"Auf der Grundlage umfangreicher empirischer Daten aus Forschungen über die Elitenbildungsprozesse in den post-sozialistischen Ländern und mit Hilfe anderer Indikatoren der politisch-ökonomischen Entwicklung untersuchen die Autoren, wie sich Muster der Elitenreproduktion bzw. -zirkulation auf Prozesse der Demokratisierung und der sozioökonomischen Entwicklung auswirken. Sie behandeln dabei ein bisher eher vernachlässigtes Thema: die Frage, wie sich zwischen den beiden Segmenten der politischen Elite, die Pareto als die regierende und die nicht-regierende Elite bezeichnet hat, ein Gleichgewicht herstellen lässt." (Autorenreferat)
Explores how states envision themselves & the vision of elite members of nationalities in the state along with the implications of the panoply of visions & voices for the project of national integration. A review of literature on integration, cooperation, & nation building sets the backdrop for an examination of self-defining propositions from the Indian, Pakistani, & Sri Lankan constitutions & a digest of ideas on integration expressed by 1996 interviews with elites in Madras, India, & Colombo, Sri Lanka, to derive a definition of integration. Adapted from the source document.
