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Poverty and unemployment especially among the graduates has remained major challenges threating the economic growth and development of Nigeria. Towards poverty reduction Vocational and technical education is imperative. Therefore, this study examined poverty reduction through vocational and technical education among graduates in Oyo State, Nigeria. Four (4) research questions guided the study. The study adopted descriptive survey design. A total of 390 Vocational and Technical Education Students formed the sample size of the study out of 3,900 graduates. A structured questionnaire developed by the researchers tagged: Poverty Reduction through Vocational and Technical Education Questionnaire (PRVTEQ) validated by three (3) experts was used for the study. Split half method was used to established reliability coefficient and the overall reliability coefficient was also established at 0.87 using Cronbach Alpha. The data generated for the study were analysed using mean and standard deviation. The findings showed among others that vocational and technical education increase pace for technological innovations, improve citizens standard of living, facilitate social Economy growth and development and promote political stability. Based on the findings the researcher recommended among others, government through its agencies should map out strategies of reaching out and providing funds for individuals who are willing to set up businesses and that school management should provide more vocational centers for skills acquisition towards poverty reduction.

The South Carolina Budget and Control Board, Division of General Services published the findings of an audit of the procurement policies and procedures of the South Carolina State Board for Technical and Comprehensive Education.

Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview -- Chapter 2 Community Colleges In India And Canada: A Comparative Analysis Brijender Singh Panwar -- Chapter 3 A Roadmap For India-Canada Collaboration In The Higher Education In India's Northeastern Region Suwa Lal Jangu -- Chapter 4 Pluri-Lingual Education: Step Towards Multicultural Citizenry in India and Canada Papia Sengupta -- Chapter 5 Examining The Cosmopolitan And The Local In Science And Nature: Building A Canadian/Indian Research And Education Partnership - Gordon McOuat -- Chapter 6 Youth and Education: Interrogating Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Canada and India Debashree Dattaray -- Chapter 7 Empowering People: Implementing 'Eco-Museum' for Sustainable Development for the Meenas of Western India and Métis of Western Canada Nandini Sinha Kapur -- Chapter 8 Climate Change and Interlinking of Indian Rivers: Lessons from Canadian Inter Basin Water Transfer Experiences - Deepak Kumar Das -- Chapter 9 Foreign Policy Of Canada Vis-À-Vis India Under Stephen Harper From Cold Storage To Warmth Of Billion-Dollar Trade K. Mansi -- Chapter 10 The Inclusion of Competition Clauses in Bilateral Trade Agreements between India and Canada: Issues and Challenges Ritu Gupta -- Chapter 11 Triggering Conversations about Mental Health Anuradha Sovani -- Chapter 12 Monitoring and Evaluation of Government programs in India and Canada – K. Gayithri -- Chapter 13 Paradigms of Art Practice: The Artist within the Community Gitanjali Kolanad -- Chapter 14 Feeling Well Kalaripayat: An Embodied Practice of Insight Problem Solving Hans Wolfgramm -- Chapter 15 Sport History as an Area of Comparative Study between Canada and India John G. Reid -- Chapter 16 Training in the Homeland: Negotiating Artistic Travel in the Transnational Field of Indian Classical Dance Sitara Thobani -- Chapter 17 Building Bridges across Canadian and Indian History: Interrogating the 'Twin Disasters' of Indo-Canadian Migration through Literature and Non-Fiction Representations Urmi Sengupta

This handbook is an important reference work in understanding education systems in the South Asia region, their development trajectory, challenges and potential. The handbook includes the SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries for discussion---Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka---while also considering countries such as Myanmar and the Maldives that have considerable shared history in the region. Such a comparative perspective is largely absent within the literature given the present paucity of intra-regional interaction. South Asian education systems are viewed primarily through a development lens in terms of inequalities, challenges and responses. However, the development of modern institutions of education and the challenges that it faces requires cultural and historical understanding of indigenous traditions as well as indigenous modern thinkers and education movements. Therefore, this encompassing referenc e work covers indigenous education traditions, formal education systems, including school and preschool education, higher and professional education, education financing systems and structures, teacher education systems, addressing huge linguistic and other diversities, and marginalization within the formal education system, and pedagogy and curricula. All the countries in this region have their own unique geographical, cultural, economic and political character and histories of interest and significance, and have responded to common issues such as overcoming the colonial legacy, language diversity, or girls' education, or minority rights in education, in uniquely different ways. The sections therefore include country-specific perspectives as far as possible to highlight these issues. Internationally renowned specialists of South Asian education systems have contributed to this important reference work, making it an invaluable resource for researchers and students of education interested in South Asia. .

For several decades, higher education systems have undergone continuous waves of reform, driven by a combination of concerns about the changing labour needs of the economy, competition within the global-knowledge economy, and nationally competitive positioning strategies to enhance the performance of higher education systems. Yet, despite far-ranging international pressures, including the emergence of an international higher education market, enormous growth in cross-border student mobility, and pressures to achieve universities of world class standing, boost research productivity and impact, and compete in global league tables, the suites of policy, policy designs and sector outcomes continue to be marked as much by hybridity as they are of similarity or convergence. This volume explores these complex governance outcomes from a theoretical and empirical comparative perspective, addressing those vectors precipitating change in the modalities and instruments of governance, and how they interface at the systemic and institutional levels, and across geographic regions.

The main thrust of this paper is repositioning Kogi State primary education sub-sector for effective teaching and learning. Education was described as a process of learning that assist in the provision of suitable skills, training the youth for economic, social, cultural and political responsibilities, individual transmission and transformation of social, economic and cultural structure from generation to generation. Primary education was considered in this paper as the first official foundation of the Nigerian education system and it is given in institutions to children aged 6years to 11+. The teacher and teacher professional development; the environment for effective teaching and learning were identified as the two basic areas to be considered in repositioning the primary education sub sector. The principles that underscore effective teaching and learning were identified. Likely challenges of repositioning the primary education sub sector in Kogi state were fathomed. It was the recommendation of this paper among others that information and communication facilities should be provided in our primary schools.Â

Topicality of the research subject. The government authorities are concerned about higher education as human capital is being formed in this area.This concern is lessening as macroeconomic indicators show a lack of economic opportunities. Statement of the problem. Limited state funding for higher education requires improved spending of budget funds. Analysis of the recent research and publications. The state funding of higher education is considered at the macro- and micro levels from different angles. Selection of the unresearched parts of the general problem. There is no link between state funding of higher education at the macro level and the use of government funds at the micro level. Statement of the task and the purpose of the research. The method for the assessment of the finance provision of higher education has been improved, which makes it possible to achieve congruence between the mechanism of state order and the choice of educational services by consumers. Method or methodology of the research. A method for assessing the effectiveness of the financial provision of higher education in the space that has the parameters of "educational degree" and "field of knowledge" has been proposed. Statement of the basic material (results of the work). The low effectiveness of the use of state financial resources in relation to specialties and institutions of higher education of Poltava region has been determined. In the segment of "junior specialists" 113 places of the state order were not selected, and in the segment of "bachelors" – 98 places of state order. For most specialties in the segments the license amount did not correspond to the amount of state orders. The segments of the market of educational services differed significantly as to the state order. In the segment of "junior specialists" the share of the state budget places in the amount of demand was 85.16%, the share in the segment of "bachelors" – 60.24%, and in the segment of "masters" – 36.17%. The state stimulated potential consumers with the help of the state order to buy educational services. The state did not fund the realization of the HEI potential, encouraging them to commercialize educational programs. Field of application of results. The field of higher education. Conclusions. The proposed assessment methodology enables determining the effectiveness of the use of the state financial resources for specialties and institutions of higher education and the selection of possible alternative models for the distribution of the state order for their further financing.

The antipathy of federal and state courts toward equal protection arguments in lawsuits challenging the public funding of education have forced education activists to search for alternative doctrinal hooks as they continue to seek reform in states' funding and management of schools. These activists have turned to state constitutions' education clauses, which impose duties on state governments to provide an "adequate" education for all children in the state. However, the art of defining and measuring an "adequate" education has advanced little beyond its state in 1973, when Justice Thurgood Marshall found the term unhelpful. In this Note, Josh Kagan surveys various means of defining and measuring adequacy used by state courts, including the use of existing legislative or executive standards, the use of future legislative or executive standards, a variety of educational outputs (such as standardized test scores), and educational inputs (such as quality of teachers, curricula, or school buildings). Applying scholars' theories of state constitutional interpretation and the history of state education clauses, Kagan argues that state courts should be aggressive in their use of educational inputs to define and measure educational adequacy. Unique factors of state governmental structure justify state court involvement in education policy questions that federal courts would consider inappropriate. These factors, coupled with the history of state education clauses, enable state courts to draw on a wide set of historical and current sources to define educational inputs required by state constitutions, and provide jurisprudential guidelines for this necessarily policy-laden analysis. Such an approach also encourages education activists to seek remedies other than reform to school financing systems; instead, activists can target states' provision of particular educational inputs.

This book is the third volume of selected papers from the Central European Pragmatist Forum (CEPF). It deals with the general question of education, and the papers are organized into sections on Education and Democracy, Education and Values, Education and Social Reconstruction, and Education and the Self. The authors are among the leading specialists in American philosophy from universities across the U.S. and in Central and Eastern Europe.Studies in Pragmatism and Values (SPV) promotes the study of pragmatism's traditions and figures, and the explorations of pragmatic inquiries in all areas o

The goal of this study is to establish a greater understanding regarding variations of higher education policy implementation for undocumented students among the states in the United States. This thesis seeks to analyze the ways in which the following five independent variables affect state permissiveness of post-secondary education toward undocumented students: state partisanship; immigrant population per state (documented and undocumented); state proximity to the Mexican border; state access to welfare and social benefits; and the role of immigrant lobbying and advocacy groups. ; University of Miami, Scholarly Repository

Examines state support for higher education by first ascertaining the amount supplied & demanded of this service. The approach assumes that supply & demand occur simultaneously, & that each is affected by higher education spending policies among the states. We argue that enrollment is the most satisfactory proxy for both supply & demand. State policy is measured as expenditure effort. We estimate three time-series equations using two-stage least squares regression with data for the years 1986-95. In the final equation, supply/demand (enrollment) emerges as the strongest predictor of state spending effort. Commitment to higher education (effort) is also especially sensitive to variations in the number of employees (per student). Employee costs clearly are a major factor in fueling increases in state higher education spending effort. State per capital income exerts a negative effect on the final dependent variable. Poor states exert greater financial effort in support of their colleges & universities than do more affluent states. 2 Tables, 37 References. Adapted from the source document.

A comprehensive policy history of widening participation in UK higher education and exploration of how that policy has translated into institutional practices in different contexts, this timely work offers new analysis to academics familiar with the field and to practitioners who may be less so.