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Due to historical conditions, the area of modern Estonia is multi-ethnic and multicultural. The influx of Russian people and extensive Sovietization led to the nationalization of part of the local community. This was accompanied by the marginalization of the Estonian language. Top-down Russian-Soviet ethnic policy has led to partial national degeneration and a percentage decline in the Estonian population, as well as a rapid increase in the number of Russians and the Russian-speaking population. A broad statistical approach to national transformations in the lands of modern Estonia, taken from a historical perspective, proves that ethnic changes were determined by geopolitical conditions. An important role from the point of view of national security policy is played by the Russian minority, which after the collapse of the Soviet Union lost its previous privileged social position. This population largely identifies with the tradition of the past system. After his fall, with the regaining of independence, the citizens of Estonia began to build a new political and socio-economic order. The collapse of the Soviet system saved Estonia from the coming ethnic and cultural disaster. Regaining independence prevented the loss of ethnic identity. It also gave the opportunity to build a new social and political order. The Estonian language has regained its original meaning and became a privileged state language. The Russian and Russian-speaking factors do not facilitate this process. Rather, it promotes the reintegration of the post-Soviet area. In counteracting the above, the Estonian authorities have introduced a relatively restrictive naturalization policy. Therefore, the situation of Slavic minorities can be a source of serious socio-political problems. Key words: Russia; Estonia; nationalities; conflict.

On the basis of theoretical model of quantum well (QW) with infinitely high walls it was investigated thermoelectric parameters depending on the thickness of the layer of nanostructures IV-VI (PbS, PbSe, PbTe) in the approximation of changing Fermi energy. There have been shown that the dependences of the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power factor on well width for lead chalcogenides nanofilms are in good agreement with the experimental data. So, that proves the correctness of used model.

Intro -- National Identity and State Formation in Africa -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction: Identity, Networks and State Formation in Africa -- 2 Mobility, Globalization and the Policing of Citizenship and Belonging in the Twenty-first Century -- 3 Federalism in Africa -- 4 National Identity and State Formation: The Case of the Former UN Trust Territory of the British So -- 5 The Secession of Eritrea from Ethiopia: A Historical Profile -- 6 National Identity of Sudan and the Emergence of South Sudan -- 7 A New Kind of State for the Nation? Civil Society Mobilization and White Minority Identity Politic -- 8 Reimagining the Sporting Nation: Negotiating Identity and Globalization Amongst 'Coloured' Support -- 9 The Persistence of Ethnic Identities in KwaZulu-Natal -- 10 Identity-based Conflict in KwaZulu-Natal: Current State and Future Prospects -- 11 Rethinking Mobility, States, Borders and Identity -- References -- Index.