This highly acclaimed criminology text presents an up-to-date review of rational choice theories, including deterrence, shaming, and routine activities. It also incorporates current examples of deterrence research regarding domestic violence, drunk driving, and capital punishment, and features thought-provoking discussion of the relativity of crime. The authors explore the crime problem, its context, and causes of crime. The organization of the text reflects the fact that the etiology of crime must be at the heart of criminology. It examines contemporary efforts to redefine crime by focusing o.
Semantic Network Analysis in Social Sciences introduces the fundamentals of semantic network analysis and its applications in the social sciences. Readers learn how to easily transform any given text into a visual network of words co-occurring together, a process that allows mapping the main themes appearing in the text and revealing its main narratives and biases. Semantic network analysis is particularly useful today with the increasing volumes of text-based information available. It is one of the developing, cutting-edge methods to organize, identify patterns and structures, and understand the meanings of our information society. The first chapters in this book offer step-by-step guidelines for conducting semantic network analysis, including choosing and preparing the text, selecting desired words, constructing the networks, and interpreting their meanings. Free software tools and code are also presented. The rest of the book displays state-of-the-art studies from around the world that apply this method to explore news, political speeches, social media content, and even to organize interview transcripts and literature reviews. Aimed at scholars with no previous knowledge in the field, this book can be used as a main or a supplementary textbook for general courses on research methods or network analysis courses, as well as a starting point to conduct your own content analysis of large texts.
Discusses how criminology's epistemology undermines the goals for a just & peaceful world, & proposes an alternative framework for a peacemaking criminology. Traditional epistemology has persisted because: (1) it provides the least ambiguous definition; (2) it is a product of academic socialization; (3) it focuses on methods & findings that preempted metatheoretical discourse; & (4) alternative definitions are too political. The use of international law as a framework would enrich the discipline of criminology & contribute to the pursuit of peace. L. Nguyen
Die vorliegende Ansprache des Präsidenten zum jährlichen (achtzehnten) Treffen der Social Science History Association (SSHA) rekapituliert die Geschichte dieser Vereinigung mit folgenden Schlußfolgerungen: (1) Auch Sozialhistoriker können ihre eigene Geschichte prinzipiell nicht voraussagen. Dies zeigt sich z.B. an den kühnen und optimistischen Prognosen in den 70er Jahren zur Entwicklung des eigenen Fachs. (2) Die Entwicklung der Disziplin ist von der Größe und den 'Zufälligkeiten' der jährlichen Treffen entscheidend mitgeprägt. (3) Die Wirkungen sozialgeschichtlicher Forschungen sind eher langfristig und kaum an den eher 'modischen' Schwankungen der Themenwahl und deren öffentlicher Diskussion abzulesen. (pmb)
Ce texte présente des entretiens réalisés avec deux figures emblématiques des liens entre recherche en sciences sociales et politiques culturelles : Augustin Girard, directeur du Service de la recherche du ministère de la culture, et Joffre Dumazedier, sociologue du développement culturel. Tous deux reviennent sur leur vision de la recherche et de la culture, sur l'histoire dont ils ont été à la fois acteurs et témoins, sur l'importance de la place des sciences sociales dans l'orientation des politiques culturelles. Ces entretiens éclairent ainsi à la fois tout un pan de l'histoire des politiques culturelles en France et constituent plus généralement des témoignages utiles pour l'analyse des rapports entre sciences sociales et action publique. (avec D. Georgakakis)
In India the soc sci press is a product of, & its contributors are primarily members of, the academic community. Apart from its cognitive purpose, the soc sci press enables members of the academic community to further their own interests in terms of promotion through publication. Further the press, which reflects the characteristics of the educated elite in India, tends to adopt a passive attitude to various soc & pol'al issues. The press is mostly owned by the learned societies, U's, faculties, educ'al instit's, etc. Information is presented on editorial arrangements, staff, responsibility for content, & publication & finance. A content analysis of 17 journals for the yr 1964 indicates that the trend of the journals is to publish all kinds of articles, but theoretical articles are in the majority, followed by retrospective coverage articles. Space allocation & internat'l scope are indicated. Re readership & circulation 9 journals reported that they are directed at an academic & professional group of readers, one only at an academic group of readers, 2 only at a professional group of readers, one at an academic & general public, & 4 at all groups of readers. COMM is thus confined to an educated elite & its purpose is mainly cognitive, educ'al, & designed to promote the development & progress of the academic community. E. Weiman.
The org'al structure of the soc sci's in Poland is sketched in order to understand the functioning of periodicals in sci'fic life. The divisions among diff instit's & org'al sections shape the character & functions of soc sci periodicals. Those published by the U's & the Polish Academy of Sci's are of an academic character. Periodicals issued by ministerial instit's which are subordinate to central instit's deal rather with practical problems & applied res. The periodicals of sci'fic assoc's deal more with regional problems. The 90 periodicals & serial publications are divided into the following groups: (1) nonperiodical serial publications issued regularly as a collection of studies & papers; (2) information bulletins presenting the res of a given instit; & (3) bimonthlies, quarterlies & semi-annuals of a purely sci'fic or theoretical character, published by higher educ'al instit's or by the Polish Academy of Sci's. The questionaire used for the inquiry was addressed to 60 editorial offices (34 replies). The org of the editorial office is discussed. The editorial staff of most of the periodicals consists of a small group of professors or sci'ta who, apart from these editorial functions also hold other positions in sci'fic instit's. Nearly all the periodicals considered are published with the assistance of gov funds. Contents & allocation of space are discussed. These periodicals are found to be devoted to the promotion of the development of sci, & to information purposes. Relatively little space is given to debate & discussion. E. Weiman.
The paper provides an overview of the evolution of Social Sciences with a focus on the Post-1945 period, known for major strides towards scientific, analytical, nonpartisan, multi-disciplinary and comprehensive study and research in different fields of Social Sciences. The paper discusses the gradual growth of Social Sciences in Pakistan in terms of increase in number of persons engaged in teaching, research and practice in various domains of Social Sciences, institutional facilities and availability of funds. There is a discussion of the major features of the research work done in Social Sciences in Pakistan and its weaknesses and deficiencies. The paper argues that Social Sciences have become important for societies like Pakistan that face different types of social and political conflicts. The rise of religious extremism, violence and terrorism also requires that we benefit from the work done in different fields of Social Sciences for understanding the dynamics of societal trends, issues and conflict and how to address them. The paper also reviews teaching and research being done in Pakistani universities, especially since 2005, when more funds became available for study and research in Social Sciences. The universities have vastly expanded their Doctoral and M.Phil. porgrammes but the imperative of quality is often neglected.
