Suchergebnisse

What factors influence the successful implementation of intergovernmental policy? Many scholars have noted the influence of state-level factors on the implementation of such policies. However, much of the research on the US Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund program has focused only on national-level factors. This study addresses this discrepancy in the literature. State Superfund implementation from 1987 to 1994 is examined using Goggin et al's (1990) Communications Model. Pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis with an event-count model is employed to capture the comparative & longitudinal nature of state implementation. The results suggest the importance of state-level factors in Superfund implementation. 3 Tables, 45 References. Adapted from the source document.

This article presents the contemporary situation regarding the National Research Act of 1974 that established the human research protection system to ensure the rights of human participants in biomedical & behavioral research. In recent years, national advisory bodies, federal agencies, & the US Congress have attempted to address key concerns in the human subjects protection arena. The authors provide an overview of the current actors & activities, their recommendations, & an analysis of the current situation & future prospects. 13 References. E. Sanchez

This study looks at the structural and rhetorical changes in the state of the union address from George Washington to Bill Clinton. The author finds that beginning with early‐twentieth‐century presidents, the length of address drops significantly and the president increasingly attempts to identify himself as one of the public in the speech. Among other things, the findings suggest three distinct periods in the evolution of the state of the union address: a founding period, a traditional period, and a modern period. However, although early‐twentieth‐century presidencies may exhibit change in delivery and style of the state of the union address, it is unclear whether this can be credited to a specific modern rhetorical innovation or whether the traditional/modern paradigm may necessitate reevaluation.

The Democratic Party was unsuccessful in gaining a majority in Congress because its members were afraid to campaign on the party's core progressive values. The party lacked the courage to present positive plans for the economy or to stand against war. The huge issues of unemployment, state budget cuts, global markets & job exports, & inexpensive prescription medication for seniors were neglected while the Republicans stood for war & national security issues. The election demonstrated that fear is not successful. Although the Democratic Party held only a two-seat deficit in the Senate & was close to a majority in the House, its candidates lacked the courage to take a stand &, therefore, brought an election collapse. L. A. Hoffman

Analyzes use of American military forces as an "international police power" in the early twentieth century, in comparison to post-Sept. 11, 2001 counterterrorism strategies.

Examines Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation and deregulation of the telecommunications industry, expansion and collapse of corporations, technological developments, and impact on consumers; 1934-2000, with focus on the 1990s; US.

Discusses US foreign policy towards Turkey, especially in light of posible US invasion of Iraq, focusing on historical background of Turkish foreign relations, and European Union policy in the region.

A contribution to the roundtable discussion on the preemptive use of force examines the US response to the terrorist attacks of September 11 (2001) as an example of how international law has been shaped to accommodate US interests. The US attack on Afghanistan was justified on the basis of the right to use force in self-defense against state sponsors of terrorism. Although this argument was rejected by other states when presented by US Secretary of State George P. Shultz in 1986, the attacks of 9/11 created a more supportive international attitude toward the US, & allowed US state department lawyers to secure the Shultz Doctrine as accepted law. International law governing preemptive strikes is explored with special attention given to attempts by the Bush Administration to extend self-defense to include precautionary attacks based on threats posed by the possession of weapons of mass destruction. The question of whether or not states may be justified in violating international law on the basis of belief in a serious threat is discussed. J. Lindroth

Tragedy has two faces. It is a source of horror, shame, and grief. It is also the opportunity to reflect on the possibility of a different future and a different path for human social evolution. The tragedy of September 11th also provides the circumstances for considering how we might proceed once we have grieved and acknowledged our losses. It is respectful of the human condition to consider what we might learn from this horror and what new guiding principles we might set in motion because of it. A second even more compelling tragedy looms if we learn only how to better defend ourselves and not also how to create a more peaceful and democratic world from the ashes of our sorrow.