Suchergebnisse

The paper explores the evolution of agriculture in Kazakhstan during its accession to the Russian Empire. At this time, two independent sectors were established in the uniform agricultural mechanism of Kazakhstan: The arable farming, which developed due to the colonization policy of the Russian government, and the livestock sector, based on the traditional cattle breeding, originating in Kazakh steppe. The focus of the research is specifically determined by the fact that the agrarian reforms in Kazakhstan in the 21st century are based on the coexistence of these two independent sectors in agriculture. The article thus looks at three main issues. Firstly, according to the sources of the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, the migration policy of the Russian government, initiating a vast territorial expansion of the Russian speaking population, and economic transformations in agriculture on Kazakhstan territory. Secondly, the transformation of the livestock sector in Kazakhstan is analyzed in historical retrospect. The author argues that the classic type of nomadic cattle breeding began to change from the turn of the 18th–19th centuries, but the most noticeable changes in the composition of the herd and the type of nomadism were observed from the beginning of the 20th century. Thirdly, the formation of the arable farming, the impetus for the development of which was given by Russian colonization, is studied. The beginning of arable farming among nomads in the Kazakh steppe dates to the beginning of the 19th century, but it was fully developed at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries due to the allotment of lands to peasants from Central Russia. Arable farming is most widespread in Akmola, Turgay, Semirechensk and Syr Darya regions. Thus, the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, considered in the paper, proved to be the beginning of the Kazakhstan agricultural split into two independent sectors: Arable farming and livestock farming. Simultaneously the ethnic factor came to the fore, manifested in the division of the spheres of activity, where autochthon population was engaged in nomadic cattle breeding, and Russian immigrants were mostly engaged in seminatural agriculture.

This work aims to show, based on fieldwork carried out between 2016 and 2019 and the review of press sources, the contradictions of the visions about peace in Montes de María in the context of the peace negotiation between the FARC and the Colombian government. The departments of Bolívar and Sucre have promoted tourism initiatives in the region that establish the monumentalization of memory as a strategy for the region's economic reactivation. However, it has neglected the demands of the population regarding access to land and resources. Based on three of the elements encompassed by the government strategy (the route of peace, monuments, and festivals), the text aims to reveal the tensions and daily violence that persist in the population. The text consists of three chapters. Each of them presents an ethnographic vignette that serves as a narrative nucleus around which practices and discourses on peace, memory, local politics, and reparation are questioned. ; El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar, a partir del trabajo de campo adelantado entre 2016 y 2019 y la revisión de fuentes de prensa, las contradicciones de las visiones encontradas sobre la paz en los Montes de María, en el contexto de la negociación los acuerdos entre las FARC y el gobierno colombiano. Los departamentos de Bolívar y Sucre han promovido iniciativas de turismo en la región que establecen la monumentalización de la memoria como una estrategia de reactivación económica de la región, sin embargo, ha desatendido las demandas de la población sobre el acceso a tierra y recursos. A partir de tres de los elementos que son englobados por la estrategia gubernamental (la ruta de la paz, los monumentos y los festivales), el texto pretende revelar las tensiones y las violencias cotidianas que perviven en la población. El texto consta de tres capítulos. Cada uno de ellos presenta una viñeta etnográfica que sirve como núcleo narrativo alrededor del cual se cuestionan las prácticas y discursos sobre la paz, la memoria, la política local y la reparación. ; Vicerrectoría Académica ; Línea de Investigación: Antropología Social ; Maestría

The 19th century in France saw the advent of the Republic and the assertion of a liberal and secular democracy underpinned by two main cornestones : the vote for all men and the assertion of freedoms enabling individuals to engage in political life within a democracy. At the end of the century, this political regime still excluded populations newly integrated into the colonial Empire and all the women. In spite of her absence of citizenship (not the right to vote, to be elect and represent or to be represented, not the right to defend while being lawyer), women had exercised by work of the mind, especially theatre, their liberty of conscience and their liberty of expression proclaimed by the points 10 and 11 of Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789). From twenty-one cases of women playwrights to be plays staged in Paris enter 1789 and 1914, it had examined the way of she had used theatre like a rostrum and/or a Bar, a space where to speak a talk to sustain the discussion, to rally public opinion and to demand justice. The theatre show their confered a power of symbolic politic to pertain to their politic agency. At the first democratic time, women had that way contributed to lifetime of the public sphere. ; Le XIXᵉ siècle correspond en France au temps de l'avènement républicain et à celui de l'affirmation d'une démocratie libérale et laïque, appuyée sur deux piliers principaux : le suffrage universel masculin et l'affirmation des libertés rendant possible l'exercice démocratique. La République exclut pourtant, à la fin du siècle, les populations nouvellement intégrées à l'Empire colonial et toutes les femmes. Malgré leur absence de citoyenneté civique (pas le droit de voter, de se faire élire et donc de représenter ou de se faire représenter, ni le droit de défendre en étant avocate), des femmes exercent, par le biais d'œuvres de l'esprit, notamment théâtrales, leur liberté de conscience et leur liberté d'expression proclamées par les articles 10 et 11 de la Déclaration des Droits de l'Homme ...

Given the growing world population and rising demand for fish and seafood, aquaculture is becoming the main source of aquatic food in human consumption and a primary protein source for millions of people. Since 1990, the world aquaculture production increased from 13 to over 80 million tonnes and is currently valued at USD 231 billion. The cultivation of shrimp species in land-based ponds is one of the fastest growing food production economies and became an important industry in coastal regions, generates income and employment and contributes to food security. Shrimp farms are mainly found in low-lying coastal regions such as estuaries, bays and river deltas along the shorelines of Asia and America. Shrimp farming expanded rapidly in recent years and led to environmental degradation and conversion of valuable wetlands such as mangroves and other coastal forests. The loss of mangroves poses a major threat to coastal ecosystems and population, as mangroves provide valuable flood and coastal protection, as well as risk reduction benefits with regard to global climate change induced effects. In this research, we use image segmentation for temporal features derived from space-borne, high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to extract shrimp farming ponds in coastal mangrove forest areas in Ecuador, South America. An automatic object-based image processing approach aims for the detection of rectangular shaped pond objects utilizing per-pixel median images calculated from C-band Sentinel-1 and L-band ALOS-Palsar SAR time series data. An open source connected component segmentation algorithm was used to extract and locate rectangular shrimp farms in coastal areas based on backscatter intensity and shape features. This study illustrates the opportunities by earth observation for area-wide assessments of shrimp farming activities in mangrove areas to gain more knowledge on land use dynamics with regard to global change and food security. Earth observation can effectively support the planning and management of aquaculture practices and support stakeholders, politicians, and conservationists in implementing appropriate measures in order to protect coastal environments and foster sustainable development in the coastal zone.

Cappadocia is a paradoxical tourism destination in Turkey because it is eminently Christian. From a region that first fascinated the great European travelers of the 18th and 19th century and then the scientific community, this study aims to analyze the construction of a destination based on Byzantine Christian heritage even though the place of Christian communities is obscured from national narratives or erected into dangerous otherness. However, this "heritage feat" comes at the expense of another Christian heritage, more recent this time, that of the Ottoman Christians of the 18th and 20th centuries. The study will show the different strategies and dynamics of invisibilization that operate on the Ottoman Christian heritage in a destination organized exclusively around the theme of fairy chimneys and Byzantine rock-cut churches. By demonstrating how the tourism development of territories was built on two population movements, this study attempts to follow the spatial recompositions generated by governmental decisions and to highlight the various territorial and identity conflicts generated and which continue to be negotiated within the destination. ; La Cappadoce est une destination touristique paradoxale en Turquie parce qu'elle est éminemment chrétienne. D'une région qui a d'abord fasciné les grands voyageurs européens du 18e et du 19e siècle puis la communauté scientifique, cette étude vise à analyser la construction d'une destination fondée sur le patrimoine chrétien byzantin alors même que la place des communautés chrétiennes est occultée des récits nationaux ou érigée en altérité dangereuse. Toutefois, cette « prouesse patrimoniale » se fait au détriment d'un autre patrimoine chrétien, plus récent cette fois, celui des chrétiens ottomans du 18e et du 20e siècle. L'étude montrera les différentes stratégies et dynamiques d'invisibilisation qui s'opèrent sur le patrimoine chrétien ottoman dans une destination organisée exclusivement autour de la thématique des cheminées de fées et des églises rupestres byzantines. En démontrant comment la mise en tourisme des territoires s'est construite sur deux mouvements de population, cette étude tente de suivre les recompositions spatiales engendrées par des décisions gouvernementales et de mettre en lumière les différents conflits territoriaux et identitaires engendrés et qui continuent d'être en jeu au sein de la destination.

The awareness of the population and politics but also the necessity of an ecological transition of our economy leads us every day to think about a new way of production. Agriculture is one of the main business sectors to be in transition which is tending to be more respectful of the environment and humans while saving economic profitability. In this sense, France is working on reducing the use of phytosanitary inputs since 2008, through the Ecophyto plan. The ambitious objectives of this plan were in 2015, revised downwards with a goal of a 25% decrease of the phytosanitary inputs use in 2020, to a 50% one in 2025.The Maison Lavau-Maucoil, a society principally based on the trade and the vinification of the Southern Rhone valley wines, is producing since 2009, its own grape on a 200 ha vineyard distributed all over the Vaucluse department. Since 2017, some experimentations are leaded on the domain, in order to reduce the phytosanitary inputs and in particular with the help of the Optidose program. This smart, helping decisions taking tool, developed by the Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, aims to reduce treatment doses using different factors like disease pressure and sensitivity of the vine. This thesis has for objective, the continuation of the studies on the program efficiency and its impact on the decrease of the phytosanitary inputs as well as ensuring the spray is based on the good parameters which permit the maximal efficiency.Finally, and more largely, it is the cultivation system of exploitations durability that will be evaluated with the multicriteria analysis tool so called DEXI PM viti. Thus, thanks to the inventory of practices, it will be possible to find the prioritized points to improve, in order to develop a durable agriculture on the Lavau-Maucoil vineyard. ; La prise de conscience de la population mais également des politiques, de la nécessité d'une transition écologique de notre économie conduit chaque jour à repenser notre manière de produire. L'un des principaux secteurs d'activités ...

The urban health system, as an important component of the urban environment, requires understanding and updating in accordance with the changing political, economic, socio-demographic and other circumstances and requirements of society. Since 2015, a comprehensive healthcare reform has been taking place in Ukraine, which concerns all aspects of the organization, operation and further development of the system, including solutions to the problems and issues of architectural and urban reorganization and rethinking of the existing structure in Soviet times. Today, the first important steps have been taken to upgrade the town-planning system of primary care facilities for the population. These significant changes require further development to enhance the role of pre-hospital care for patients, which is in line with WHO recommendations and the progressive countries' experience in the development of the medical industry. The problems of the existing state of the urban planning network of institutions of the primary level of medical care for the population (therapeutic and pediatric profiles) of Ukraine are considered. Based on the world progressive experience, the introduction of family medical services is justified, the ways of further development of the network are outlined in the context of modern requirements and needs of society. The city-planning network of primary health care institutions should be developed on the principles of family medicine, that is, the medical institution should be universal in terms of age categories of patients. Also, the primary medical link should be the most extensive urban planning network providing the most convenient access for patients in order to prevent morbidity at the prehospital level. From this position, the following typological varieties of primary care institutions are offered: basic (family doctor's offices, outpatient clinics, primary medical care centers) and auxiliary (consultative and diagnostic medical centers at secondary and tertiary care hospitals, medical centers of maternity hospitals and perinatal centers). ; Розглянуто проблеми існуючого стану містобудівної мережі закладів первинного рівня медичного обслуговування населення (терапевтичного та педіатричного профілів) України, спираючись на світовий прогресивний досвід обґрунтовано впровадження сімейного або родинного медичного обслуговування, намічені шляхи подальшого розвитку мережі у контексті сучасних вимог та потреб суспільства.

Vegetables have important role in daily food which have essential nutritionals because they have a significant source of vitamins, sugar and dietary fibre as well as antioxidants. The study was conducted in district Faisalabad. Tehsil Sammundri and Jaranwala were selected purposively, because there are maximum vegetables growers. The population of Jaranwala and Sammundri were 178 and 241 vegetable growers respectively making a total population of 419 according to the list of agricultural extension department. Sample size was 202 by using online software (survey system.com) keeping confidence interval 5% and confidence level 95%. Proportionate sampling was used to select the respondents in these two tehsils. By using proportionate sampling respondents of tehsils named Jaranwala and Sammundri were 86 and 116 respectively. Results show that majority of respondents were falling between 41-60 years age interval, cultivating the vegetables. About one third 31.7% of the respondents were matriculation those farmers having knowledge about education importance and values. Manual washing is method of washing the vegetables by using of clean water this method was ranked 4th, it secured mean value of 3.82. In studied areas mostly farmers were using simple packing including polythene, plastic bags it ranked 6th. About vast majority of 90.1% respondents have been used the simple packing for vegetables it secured mean value of 3.26. In transportation process of vegetables over whelming majority 99% of respondents were using less expensive and easily approach able vehicle that was loader Rikshaw, which ranked 1st as compared to other vehicle which secured a mean value of 4.25. About vast majority 84.2% respondents were facing the problem of middle man involvement in markets. Middle man has most important role between customer and farmers that was observed, it ranked 17th and it secure mean value of 3.25. There was maximum issue of technology was noticed that they had no awareness regarding the machinery. They had faced the issue of markets and middle man commission. Government should pay attention toward infrastructure, markets governance and reduce the commission of middle man by involving the responsible authorities. Government institutes should deliver the proper guideline related to vegetables post-harvest problems to improve the quality and quantity of products.

Classical economists were of the view that development is a convoluted process and as such countries can only achieve development through a linear path consisting of five stages. Going by this philosophy, the country under the New Deal Government of Cameroon, by its status is between the traditional stage (stage 1) and the pre-conditions to take-off stage (stage 2). Admitting all efforts are put in place as drivers for take-off stage (emergence or stage 3), it becomes imperative to evaluate the sustainability of this economic emergence. Thus, sustainability drivers such as real gross domestic product per capita, availability of quality agricultural land, energy supply, population growth, enrolment into higher education, foreign direct investments and gross domestic capital formation are evaluated to account for the feasibility of Cameroon's emergence comes 2035. Based on time series data from 1960 to 2017 inclusive on the above listed variables, and using the Structural Vector-Auto Regressive (SVAR) models, the findings yield some useful policy guides. Subject to pre and post-tests of estimation, forecasting was guaranteed up to 58years outside the data set. With a justified 70.2 percent simulation results, the findings reveal that total natural resources rents can actually pave the way for sustainable growth and development in Cameroon by2035 and beyond. The true direction therefore reveals that, in addition to proper management of the available total natural resource rents, reasonable portion of government expenditure and returns on foreign direct investment should be directed to agricultural research, investment in education especially in science, and technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and innovation, rents conservation, infrastructural development, energy supply, population growth and the trade-off of leisure in favour of work. These among others are the gate-ways for sustainable growth, development and hence the emergence of Cameroon in 2035.Keywords: Natural Resources; Rents; Economic Emergence; Real Gross Product Per Capital; Energy Supply; Agricultural Land; Foreign Direct Investment; Gross Domestic Capital Formation and Sustainable Development

[.] European institutions have developed important initiatives on water management – for example the 'water framework directive' – and in 2016 a water partnership with India was promoted. Some attention has also been paid to some other critical situations of Himalayan-originated water basins, such as the Aral Sea crisis or the Mekong River. Still, there is a prevailing lack of understanding and political relevance given to the issue of water management in South Asia and elsewhere. This surfaced in the European declaration on the recently celebrated water day (22 of March), which oddly opens with considerations on the present pandemics and continuously downgrades the importance of water management, as if water could be thought as a mere chapter of the 'climate urgency'. Actually, water has ceased to be an issue solely dependent of climate many thousands of years ago and to tone it down as a mere consequence of 'climate change' is a disservice to an understanding of the challenges we are confronted with. In the name of a new 'urgency', most basic historical facts that have conditioned human relations with water have been forgotten or downplayed. It is therefore necessary to have them in mind when looking at the challenges posed to the World's most important water basins, those originating in the Himalaya Mountainous system. The two main Himalayan water basins running towards South Asia are the Indus, home to around 300 million people, and the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna rivers basin where an estimated 630 million people live. Although some of the regions covered by these basins are in China, the vast majority of the population residing within these basins belongs to South Asian countries – in fact we can say that over half the population of South Asia lives in these two basins. Only two members of South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), the islands of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, have no connection with them. The comparison of Europe and South Asia on water issues enhances the potential for ...

The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the lived experiences of female United States Army veterans who have enrolled in an academic undergraduate program post discharge. As higher education continues to be an important transition point for female veterans, understanding the lived experiences of this population provides higher education administrators and faculty the opportunity to create and implement services and programs that will appropriately assist this population in their educational journey. Using a phenomenological methodology (Moustakas, 1994; Patton, 2015; van Manen,1990) thirteen female veterans across five different eras (Vietnam, 1980's peacetime, Desert Storm, Iraq and Afghanistan) took part in two-semi-structured interviews. Each participant was asked to retrospectively discuss their time in the military; the transition to civilian life; and their transition to and experience in higher education. The interviews were coded, and themes were developed (Braun & Clark, 20107; Saldana, 2016; Seidman, 2013). Three major themes emerged: military culture, the transition experience, and navigating higher education. These themes were examined through the conceptual frameworks of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems theory (1979) and Schlossberg's transition theory (1981) as well as adult learning theory (Knowles, 1968; Mezirow, 1981) and feminist theory (Belenky et al., 1986; Gilligan, 1982; Baker Miller, 1986). The findings from this study suggest that female veterans bring habits, skills, and knowledge from their military experience into higher education that facilitates their academic success. Additional findings reveal the importance of the female veteran having a sense of belonging while moving from military culture to the culture of higher education, the impact of their perceived lack of readiness in the transition out of the military, as well as the value placed by the female student veteran on their relationships with faculty. Dissertation findings underscore the need for more research into the experience of female veterans' by centering their unique voices and by focusing on understanding the female student veteran transition between military and higher education cultures and identities. Having a deeper understanding of the under researched areas of transition and identity will allow higher education administrators and faculty to create and implement services and programs that will support female student veterans in higher education.

The aging of the population is considered one of the most specific social transformations of the 21st century (OMS, 2017). Given that the presence of fragility or dependency is more likely in old age, it is that the study of the aging, care and rights triad becomes a nodal theme. In this framework, the Inter-American Convention for the Protection of the Human Rights of Older Adults is the compass that guides our work. The objective of this work is to analyze the current situation of this phenomenon in Latin America in general and in Argentina in particular, identifying deficits and priority needs. Likewise, it will seek to see the main challenges that arise when it comes to achieving a progressive system of care and promoting comprehensive well-being in this population. Some of the devices for older adults that are implemented for both care and prevention and health promotion are presented, as well as the adaptations that have been made for their continuity in the current context of the Covid-19 pandemic. ; El envejecimiento de la población es considerado una de las transformaciones sociales más significativas del siglo XXI (OMS, 2017). Dado que en la vejez es más probable la presencia de fragilidad o dependencia, el estudio de la tríada envejecimiento, cuidado y derechos se transforma en una temática nodal. En este marco, la Convención Interamericana para la Protección de los Derechos Humanos de los Adultos Mayores es la brújula que orienta nuestra labor. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la situación actual de dicho fenómeno en América Latina en general y en la Argentina en particular, identificando déficits y necesidades prioritarias. Asimismo, se buscará visibilizar los principales desafíos que se presentan en pos de lograr un sistema progresivo de cuidados y fomentar el bienestar integral en dicha población. Se presentan algunos de los dispositivos para adultos mayores que se implementan tanto para la atención como prevención y promoción de la salud, así como las adecuaciones que se han realizado para su continuidad en el contexto actual de pandemia por Covid-19.

AbstractThe welfare state is an idea that describes the role of the state to ensure the welfare of its people. But nowadays, the practice of welfare state in public services still face various problems. The rise of the practice of maladministration conducted by the state civil apparatus as a service executor is one of the problems that complicate the realization of quality public services. Thus, the New Public Service paradigm needs to be applied to answer the problem. This paradigm places people as citizens. In this research, the authors use normative juridical method with legislation approach, case approach and conceptual approach to find the right solution. In the end with the utilization of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 was formed a system of Know Your Public Service Officer (KYPSO). This system is expected to improve the quality of public services the most specialized public service in Department of Population and Civil Registration.Keywords: Department of Population and Civil Registration; Know Your Public Service Officer (KYPSO); Welfare State; New Public Service; AbstrakNegara Kesejahteraan merupakan gagasan yang menggambarkan peran negara untuk menjamin kesejahteraan rakyatnya. Namun saat ini, penerapan negara kesejahteraan dalam bidang pelayanan publik masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan. Maraknya praktek maladministrasi yang dilakukan oleh Aparatur Sipil Negara selaku pelaksana pelayanan merupakan salah satu masalah yang mempersulit terwujudnya pelayanan publik yang berkualitas. Maka, Paradigma New Public Service perlu diterapkan untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Paradigma ini menempatkan masyarakat sebagai warga negara. Pada Penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan konsep untuk menemukan solusi yang tepat. Pada akhirnya dengan pemanfaatan revolusi industri 4.0 dibentuk sebuah sistem Know Your Public Service Officer (KYPSO). Sistem ini merupakan sistem digital yang difokuskan pada peningkatan peran masyarakat dalam memantau pelaksana pelayanan publik. Sistem ini diharapkan mampu meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik terkhusus di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil.Kata Kunci: New Public Service; Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil; Know Your Public Service Officer (KYPSO); Negara Kesejahteraan

Buffalo has a huge role in community life in West Manggarai Regency, both as working and as socio-cultural livestock such as for deaths and marriages. However, government support in the development of buffalo is meager, increasing buffalo population fluctuations. This condition exacerbated by the availability of males and buffalo breeding patterns is still traditional. This study aims to formulate priority strategies and programs in the context of buffalo development. This study uses the SWOT and AHP methods to formulate strategy and determine priority strategies and programs. This study uses survey methods, and sampling by purposive sampling with criteria for the number of buffalo livestock ownership of at least five has sold buffalo in the last three years and has a productive female. Through the results of the SWOT and AHP analysis strategies in the development of buffalo in Manggarai Barat District, increasing buffalo production and productivity are top priorities, improving human resource skills and institutional strengthening of second priority farms, optimizing the availability of pasture fields and third-priority agricultural waste, and increasing synergy fourth priority supporting institutions. Priority programs in the context of developing buffalo are strengthening institutional livestock with a weight of 0.1481, improving human resource skills with a load of 0.1410, providing a superior male program with a weight of 0.1376, mapping and revitalization of pasture fields with a weight of 0.1256, supplying animal feed with a load of 0.1069, applying processing technology feed with a weight of 0.0951, increased use of financial institutions with a weight of 0.0705, prevention and control of ruminant livestock diseases with a load of 0.0651, increase the synergy of the world of high poaching with the world of animal husbandry with a weight of 0.0585, construction of supporting facilities and infrastructure with a load of 0.0469. The Government of West Manggarai Regency expected to schedule synergistically as well as implement it; so that the buffalo development policy is right on target and can increase the buffalo population so that it will lead to the progress and improvement of the welfare of buffalo ranchers.

International audience ; This article seeks to show the validity of the use of victimization surveys for better knowledge of the university student world in France. Why study the feeling of insecurity and victimization amongst this population? And for what results? are the questions to which the article attempts to provide answers. In order to do so we must first define the main data collection tool: the victimization survey. The study and knowledge of crime is the result of a political and scientific history. In the absence of a consensual definition, we seek to define the university student world, which is home to a particular group of youth. French-language literature doesn't contain specific elements that make it possible to discuss victimized experiences on university campuses, unlike the Anglo-Saxon studies on which we propose to base our work. Tools that measure student victimization and personal insecurity are necessary to better understand, protect and act. Moreover, the planned end of the "Cadre de vie et Sécurité" (Living Environment and Security) survey requires us to rethink the tool and the areas to be investigated. ; Cet article cherche à montrer le bien-fondé du recours aux enquêtes de victimation pour une connaissance du monde étudiant en France. Pourquoi étudier le sentiment d'insécurité et les victimations chez cette population ? Et pour quels résultats ? rassemblent les interrogations auxquelles l'article tente d'apporter des réponses. Pour ce faire, il faut d'abord définir l'outil principal de collecte de données : l'enquête par questionnaire. L'étude et la connaissance du crime est le fruit d'une histoire politique et scientifique. En l'absence d'une définition consensuelle, nous cherchons à circonscrire le monde étudiant qui héberge une partie de la jeunesse. La littérature francophone souffre d'éléments permettant de discuter les expériences victimaires sur les campus contrairement aux études anglo-saxonnes sur laquelle nous proposons de nous appuyer. Se doter d'outils mesurant les victimations et l'insécurité personnelle des étudiants apparaît nécessaire pour à la fois mieux comprendre, mieux protéger et mieux agir. En outre, l'arrêt programmée de l'enquête « Cadre de vie et Sécurité » oblige à repenser l'outil et les terrains à enquêter.