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Published Article ; South Africa higher education institutions are faced with a dual imperative: they are expected to become globally competitive and to deliver programmes, research outputs and community services that are accepted by the global higher education community. On the other hand, they experience increasing demands from government and local communities to become responsive to the social, economical and political needs of mostly under-developed domestic societies. While the imperatives for transformation in higher education derive in large measure from South Africa's apartheid history, they also form part of a global quest for change as throughout the world higher education systems are being challenged to become more responsive to society's needs (Perold 1998:28-29). Obviously, this is even more so in developing countries where the nature of society, social, economic and educational needs are extensive. The main purpose of this research was to establish whether and how higher institutions are responding to regional needs. For this purpose two higher education institutions in the Free State province were targeted and an analysis was done of their three year rolling plans as these plans indicates, amongst others, how institutions are positionising themselves in their regions.

The challenges of modern world are not only numerous, but also diverse – from a positive impact on the development of society to clearly unfriendly attacks in the economy, politics, science and education. Positive trends are associated with the smart education development, a new cognitive sphere that involves complex communication of all participants in the educational process in order to continuously improve the methods and technologies of the knowledge economy. In the digital paradigm of social development management, the knowledge sources are not only various formats (digital and paper) of textbooks, manuals and other, but also a close creative union between a teacher and a student, which allows not to get lost in the endless expanses of the Internet. The article highlights the trends in the domestic and foreign authors' studying problems and prospects for the development of smart education. A mechanism for transforming the established methods of vocational training in Russian universities into a new concept of smart education is proposed. The principles of digital education format are formulated. The article content is determined by the methodology for the knowledge economy development: the basic principles of smart education and conceptually important methods for educational process organising. The studies of professors A.A. Bubenchikov, V.V. Glukhov, M.K. Novikov, V.P. Tikhomirov, etc., facilitated the idea of a prospective smart university concept development. The article is based on scientific research methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, historical and logical methods, positive and normative analysis, and the method of scientific logic. ; Вызовы современного мира не только многочисленны, но и разнообразны – от позитивного влияния на развитие общества до явно недружественных выпадов в экономике, политике, науке и образовании. Позитивные тенденции связаны с развитием смарт-образования – новой когнитивной сферы, предполагающей комплексную коммуникацию всех ...

Die Veränderungen in Mittel- und Osteuropa seit dem Ende der achtziger Jahre stellen die Gewerkschaften vor vielfältige Herausforderungen und führen in diesen Ländern zu einer stärkeren Nachfrage nach gewerkschaftlicher Bildung. Dieser Beitrag soll zu einem besseren Verständnis von gewerkschaftlicher Bildung in Mittel- und Osteuropa beitragen. Anhand von vier Fallstudien - KNSB (Bulgarien), CMKOS (Tschechien), KOZ SR (Slowakei) und NSZZ Solidarnosc (Polen) - wird gezeigt, daß die Gewerkschaften dort auch weiterhin Bildung als ein Kernelement in ihrer Strategie betrachten und sie Strukturen aufgebaut haben, um auf die wachsende Nachfrage nach Bildungsangeboten reagieren zu können. Mangels systematischer finanzieller Unterstützung seitens des Staates oder Vereinbarungen mit Arbeitgebern tragen die Gewerkschaften dabei die finanziellen Lasten selbst, wobei sie mitunter Hilfe von westlichen Gewerkschaften und europäischen oder internationalen Organisationen erhalten. Das Angebot an gewerkschaftlicher Bildung ist meistens so strukturiert, daß es den Kursteilnehmern einen gestuften Bildungsweg bietet und gleichzeitig den Ausbau interner Kapazitäten ermöglicht. Der von der Europäischen Gewerkschaftsakademie (EGA) verfolgte Doppelansatz geht gezielt auf die Wünsche der MOE-Gewerkschaften ein und ermöglicht einer begrenzten Anzahl von Gewerkschaftern aus diesen Ländern die Teilnahme an paneuropäischen Bildungsaktivitäten. Weitere Ressourcen wären jedoch notwendig, um diese Aktivitäten auf das notwendige quantitative Niveau anzuheben, das erforderlich wäre, um die Nachfrage nach gewerkschaftlichen Bildungsangeboten wirklich zu befriedigen. (Transfer / FUB)

This paper focuses on the effects of Social Investment Programme (NPower) on standard of living of business education graduates in Kano State, Nigeria. Social Investment aims at granting youths the power to perform their duties and create change. It has to do with teaching them about their ability to control their lives and change society to inculcate a sense of value. N-Power is one of the five Social Investment Programmes of the Federal Government of Nigeria under President Muhammadu Buhari led administration. Two research questions guided the study with one corresponding hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance. The descriptive survey research design was adopted in the study. The population was made up of 26 and 30 volunteers from Nassarawa and Fagge LGAs respectively, and 28 supervisors. A structured questionnaire titled N-power Questionnaire (NPQ) was developed by the researcher and was structured into 4 rating scale. Percentages, mean, and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions and one null hypothesis. The findings revealed that N-power SIP had significant effects in improving the standard of living of business education graduates in Kano State. Based on the findings, a major recommendation highlighted was that States government should commit funds to social investment programmes since it helps to improve the standard of living of volunteers.

"NAVPERS 92998." ; "DA Pam 355-133." ; Bibliographical references included in "Notes" (p. 159-167) ; Mode of access: Internet.

AbstractFederalism scholars have increasingly recognized the impact of state attorneys general in national politics. State attorneys general also are in a unique position to contribute to the development and application of state law through their advisory opinion duties. I examine advisory opinion activity on state constitutional questions across all states for 2016–2018 in the context of legal, institutional, and political explanations developed in studies of attorney general behavior and judicial decision-making. Most opinions addressed issues of finance, legislative power or local power and were most often issued to state legislators and local officials. Republican attorneys general in Southern states with similar political cultures were most active issuing opinions, with significant party collaboration between requesters and attorneys general.

Vocational education and training (VET) is defined in general practice as technical education and skills training mainly for jobs that are based on manual or practical activities. According to China's 1996 Vocational Education Law, VET is deemed a key component of China's educational system, and an important means to promote employment, economic growth and social advancement. The Chinese government has attached great importance to VET since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949. The 1996 Vocational Education Law and the State Council's 2002 Decision on Vigorously Promoting the Reform and Development of VET represents the government's renewed effort at supporting VET in the era of reform and open-up. In recent years, additional reform measures have been introduced to modernize the existing VET system in line with the readjustment of China's development strategy and industrial structure. (author's abstract)

This book contributes to the field of peace education with examples in the disciplines of political science, communication, psychology, sociology, counseling, law and teacher training. It presents new information about peace education in higher education. Provided are concepts underlying, and examples of, conflict transformation across disciplines while it demonstrates how some of the strategies are adapted for use in professional practice. Ultimately, the book and its individual chapters support peace studies and professionals who specialize in conflict work. This text can be used in courses in any of the fields mentioned above, and in others where there is a goal of learning strategies for conflict transformation. The interdisciplinary presentation provides subject versatility while it illustrates the multiple dimensions and applications of peace education.

section 1. Understanding young people, inequality, and youth work -- section 2. Social progress through youth work : welfare and wellbeing -- section 3. section 3. Social progress through youth work : radical and democratic possibilities -- section 4. Themes and conclusions.