Suchergebnisse

Structured Finance in Latin America explores how structured finance mechanisms can channel pension savings to support projects in underserved sectors, deepen capital markets, and contribute to investment and economic growth. Private pension funds have been accumulating assets rapidly in the wake of pension system reforms in many Latin American countries. Strict investment regulations to protect workers' savings have limited their investment in highly creditworthy domestic securities, yet pension fund demand for new securities has outstripped issuance of eligible traditional corporate debt instruments. This has contributed to a high concentration of pension fund assets in public debt. Innovative structured finance mechanisms can help bring to the market a new set of creditworthy securities backed by pools of loans to small borrowers, mortgage loans or the expected proceeds of large infrastructure projects. These mechanisms create new investment opportunities for pension funds, while establishing additional sources of funding for underserved market segments. Policy makers and regulatory authorities have a catalytic role to play in the development of structured finance securities by establishing a conducive legal, regulatory, and tax framework. Structured Finance in Latin America serves as a practical guide for development practitioners, policy makers, and others working in government, international or nongovernmental organizations, and financial institutions, who focus on finance and investment; infrastructure, transport, and urban development; housing finance; small and medium-sized enterprise development; and pension reform.

Though the word "sociology" was coined in Europe, the field of sociology grew most dramatically in America. Despite that disproportionate influence, American sociology has never been the subject of an extended historical examination. To remedy that situation-and to celebrate the centennial of the American Sociological Association-Craig Calhoun assembled a team of leading sociologists to produce Sociology in America. Rather than a story of great sociologists or departments, Sociology in America is a true history of an often disparate field-and a deeply considered look at the ways sociology developed intellectually and institutionally. It explores the growth of American sociology as it addressed changes and challenges throughout the twentieth century, covering topics ranging from the discipline's intellectual roots to understandings (and misunderstandings) of race and gender to the impact of the Depression and the 1960s. Sociology in America will stand as the definitive treatment of the contribution of twentieth-century American sociology and will be required reading for all sociologists. Contributors: Andrew Abbott, Daniel Breslau, Craig Calhoun, Charles Camic, Miguel A. Centeno, Patricia Hill Collins, Marjorie L. DeVault, Myra Marx Ferree, Neil Gross, Lorine A. Hughes, Michael D. Kennedy, Shamus Khan, Barbara Laslett, Patricia Lengermann, Doug McAdam, Shauna A. Morimoto, Aldon Morris, Gillian Niebrugge, Alton Phillips, James F. Short Jr., Alan Sica, James T. Sparrow, George Steinmetz, Stephen Turner, Jonathan VanAntwerpen, Immanuel Wallerstein, Pamela Barnhouse Walters, Howard Winant.

Preliminary material /A. Dello Buono and Bell Lara -- Neoliberalism and resistance in Latin America /Richard A. Dello Buono and José Bell Lara -- The harvest of neoliberalism in Latin America /José Bell Lara and Delia Luisa López -- The dual debt of Neoliberalism /Ximena De La Barra -- Democratic governability in Latin America: Limits and possibilities in the context of neoliberal domination /Darío Salinas Figueredo -- Social security crisis and popular mobilisation in Panama /Marco A. Gandásegui, Jr. -- Neoliberal meltdown and social protest: Argentina 2001–2002 /Carlos M. Vilas -- Cuban socialism in the face of globalisation /José Bell Lara -- Brazil's workers party in power: A lost opportunity /Emir Sader -- Venezuela's Chávez: An alternative for democracy in Latin America? /Víctor M. Figueroa -- Former guerrillas in power: Advances, setbacks and contradictions in the uruguayan Frente Amplio /Hugo Cores -- Social movements and the state: Political power dynamics in Latin America /James Petras and Henry Veltmeyer -- Imperialism, state and social movements in Latin America /James D. Cockcroft -- The changing face of Latin America's political parties /Richard A. Dello Buono -- Social movements and the capitalist crisis: Towards a latin american alternative /Wim Dierckxsens -- Meet Uncle Sam – without clothes – Parading around China and the world /Andre Gunder Frank -- In memory of Andre Gunder Frank 1929–2005 /A. Dello Buono and Bell Lara -- About the contributors /A. Dello Buono and Bell Lara -- References /A. Dello Buono and Bell Lara -- Index /A. Dello Buono and Bell Lara.

African Slavery in Latin America and the Caribbean is an original survey of the economic and social history of slavery and of the Afro-American experience in Latin America and the Caribbean. Covering not only Spanish but also Portuguese and French regions, and encompassing the latest research on the plantation system as well as on mining and the urban experience, the book brings together the recent findings on demography, the slave trade, the construction of the slave community and Afro-American culture. The book also sheds new light on the processes of accommodation and rebellion and the experience of emancipation. The book concludes with a look at the post-emancipation integration patterns in the different societies, analyzing the relative success of the ex-slaves in obtaining control over land and escaping from the old plantation regimes. This second edition brings together the latest research and newest themes developed in the past two decades on slavery and the Afro-American experience both in the traditional centers of the Caribbean and Brazil, but also in such previously neglected areas as Mexico and the mainland Spanish American colonies and republics.

Introduction / Frank Dikötter -- Prisons and prisoners in modernising Latin America (1800-1940) / Carlos Aguirre -- The shadow of rule : colonial power and modern punishment in Africa / Florence Bernault -- Regulation, reform and resistance in the Middle Eastern prison / Anthony Gorman -- India : the contested prison / David Arnold -- Sepoys, servants and settlers : convict transportation in the Indian Ocean, 1787-1945 / Clare Anderson -- South East Asia : reform and the colonial prison / Ian Brown -- The promise of repentance : the prison in modern China / Frank Dikötter -- Envisioning the colonial prison / Clare Anderson and David Arnold

Ice retreat, vegetation advance -- First peoples/faunal extinctions -- Northern North America a thousand years ago -- Between land, sea, and ice : Inuit, Beothuks, Aleuts, and newcomers -- Natives, nature, and trade in the interior -- Trade and the Huron -- Plagues, preachers, and the transformation of indigenous societies -- Possessing and (re)peopling the land -- Domesticating the land -- Exploiting the waters -- Commercializing the forest -- Fields of exertion -- Harnessing black and white coal -- New urbanism -- Countrysides in transition -- The assault on the forest -- Industrial fishing -- Into the hard rock : northern mining -- Transforming the interior -- Rushing north : gold, the Yukon, and Alaska -- Corridors of modernization -- Power lines -- Northern visions -- Rapacious harvests I : from forests and mines -- Rapacious harvests II : from land and sea -- Urban mapping -- Trade, technology, and the transformation of the environment -- Hubris and hope

How to entrench hard-won gains, increase resilience to shocks, and improve growth performance to reduce poverty? As Central America moves forward in regaining macroeconomic stability, these are the challenges. This study analyzes Central America's real, fiscal, monetary, and financial sector policies at the regional level, starting with a review of growth performance and the macroeconomic implications of remittances. It then looks at the sustainability of pension systems, financial system development, sovereign debt vulnerabilities, and ways to sustain progress in reducing inflation by strengthening the credibility of central banks.--Publisher's description

For the first time in its history, Latin America can benefit from not one but three major engines of world growth. Until the 1980s, the United States was the region's major trade partner. In the 1990s, a second growth engine emerged with the European investment boom in Latin America. Now, at the dawn of the new century, the increasing global economic importance of Asia, and in particular China, potentially provides a third engine of growth. This book describes the opportunities and challenges that Latin American economies will face as Chinese importance in the world economy - and in Latin America's traditional markets -- continues to grow.--Publisher's description

The research is founded on analyzing society in a manner consistent with classical Marxism. International in scope, the annual volumes deal primarily with economic and political issues and the unity between them. Both theoretical and empirical works are included. While published papers must be appropriate for developing class analysis of society, they need not be explicitly Marxist. The 24th volume in the series focuses on Latin America. This book series is available electronically at website.

Border security has been high on public-policy agendas in Europe and North America since the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Centre in New York City and on the headquarters of the American military in Washington DC. Governments are now confronted with managing secure borders, a policy objective that in this era of increased free trade and globalization must compete with intense cross-border flows of people and goods. Border-security policies must enable security personnel to identify, or filter out, dangerous individuals and substances from among the millions of travelers and tons of goods that cross borders daily, particularly in large cross-border urban regions.This book addresses this gap between security needs and an understanding of borders and borderlands. Specifically, the chapters in this volume ask policy-makers to recognize that two fundamental elements define borders and borderlands: first, human activities (the agency and agent power of individual ties and forces spanning a border), and second, the broader social processes that frame individual action, such as market forces, government activities (law, regulations, and policies), and the regional culture and politics of a borderland.Borders emerge as the historically and geographically variable expression of human ties exercised within social structures of varying force and influence, and it is the interplay and interdependence between people's incentives to act and the surrounding structures (i.e. constructed social processes that contain and constrain individual action) that determine the effectiveness of border security policies.This book argues that the nature of borders is to be porous, which is a problem for security policy makers. It shows that when for economic, cultural, or political reasons human activities increase across a border and borderland, governments need to increase cooperation and collaboration with regard to security policies, if only to avoid implementing mismatched security policies.

This collection of works by prominent Latin Americanists explores the social and political dynamics of this important region in transition to a post-neoliberal era. The first part deals with the intensifying regional crisis created by neoliberal policies, showing how regime stability has been broadly undermined, with specific attention given to the cases of Panama and Argentina. In the second part, a sympathetic yet critical evaluation is offered on the diverse development strategies that have been pursued by four leftist governments in power, namely, Cuba, Brazil, Venezuela and Uruguay. In the final section, various aspects of the constraints facing the region are discussed and consideration is extended to some of the emerging social movements that seek to radically transform Latin America.

The development of feminist theology in Latin America -- Sources of ecofeminism -- Ecofeminism's roots in other feminist movements -- Ecofeminist theology -- Charting the change : reflections of Latin American women -- Challenges for the future

Introduction: Toward a society under law / Joseph S. Tulchin and Meg Ruthenburg -- The impact of community policing and police reform in Latin America / Hugo Frühling -- Advocacy networks and police reform : assessing their impact / Claudio Fuentes -- Crime and social policies in Latin American urban centers / Claudio C. Beato F -- Measuring the costs of crime and violence as an input to public policy : evidence from Mexico city / Graciela Teruel ... [et al] -- Paths toward police and judicial reform in Latin America / Paulo de Mesquita Neto -- Police reform in Latin America : Argentina, Brazil, and Chile / Heather H. Ward -- Citizen participation and public security in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile : lessons from an initial experience / Catalina Smulovitz -- Policies of citizen security in Argentina : the national plan for the prevention of crime / Alberto Fhrig, Julia S. Pomares, and Cecilia Gortari -- Civilians in charge of security in Peru : a personal testimony / Carlos Basombrío -- Elements for a study of crime in Mexico City / Arturo Alvarado Mendoza -- Conclusion / Joseph S. Tulchin and Meg Ruthenburg

Whether rising up from fiery leaders such as Venezuela's Hugo Chavez and Cuba's Fidel Castro or from angry masses of Brazilian workers and Mexican peasants, anti U.S. sentiment in Latin America and the Caribbean today is arguably stronger than ever. It is also a threat to U.S. leadership in the hemisphere and the world. Where has this resentment come from? Has it arisen naturally from imperialism and globalization, from economic and social frustrations? Has it served opportunistic politicians? Does Latin America have its own style of anti Americanism? What about national variations? How does cultural anti Americanism affect politics, and vice versa? What roles have religion, literature, or cartoons played in whipping up sentiment against 'el yanqui'? Finally, how has the United States reacted to all this? This book brings leaders in the field of U.S. Latin American relations together with the most promising young scholars to shed historical light on the present implications of hostility to the United States in Latin America and the Caribbean. In essays that carry the reader from Revolutionary Mexico to Peronist Argentina, from Panama in the nineteenth century to the West Indies' mid century independence movement, and from Colombian drug runners to liberation theologists, the authors unearth little known campaigns of resistance and probe deeper into episodes we thought we knew well. They argue that, for well over a century, identifying the United States as the enemy has rung true to Latin Americans and has translated into compelling political strategies. Combining history with political and cultural analysis, this collection breaks the mold of traditional diplomatic history by seeing anti Americanism through the eyes of those who expressed it. It makes clear that anti Americanism, far from being a post 9/11 buzzword, is rather a real force that casts a long shadow over U.S. Latin American relations

Colonial America comes alive in this depiction of the daily lives of families-mothers, fathers, children, and grandparents. The Volo's examine the role of the family in society and typical family life in 17th- and 18th-century America. Through narrative chapters, aspects of family life are discussed in depth such as maintaining the household, work, entertainment, death and dying, ceremonies and holidays, customs and rites of passage, parenting, education, and widowhood. Readers will gain an in-depth understanding of the world in which these families lived and how that world affected their live