Suchergebnisse

Cities have the agility to lead the transition to circularity and already have a body of good practice to show.

For juvenile diversion programs to reach their goals of reducing labeling, social control, and costs, they must serve a population that is diverted from processing in the justice system. Some evaluations imply that these goals conflict with the goal of reducing recidivism because diversion programs are most effective with youths who have the least serious offense histories. The present study examines the issue using data for a broad range of outcomes from three programs that randomly assigned youths to treatment and control groups. Data analysis indicated no relationship between program effectiveness and the seriousness of clients' offense histories.

This article was published in the serial, European Journal of Communication [Sage Publications / © The Authors]. The definitive version is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323114555825 ; One of the possible ways of approaching audience history is by focusing on the history of ideas about audiences. This article examines the benefits and shortcomings of such an approach and develops a set of methodological propositions, drawing on the principles and methods of the German tradition of Begriffsgeschichte (history of concepts). To demonstrate the usefulness of these propositions, the article briefly examines the ideas about audiences in socialist Yugoslavia, focusing on the surge of ideas about politically engaged audiences in the late 1960s. The concluding part of the article situates this historical episode in the wider geographical context and outlines possible avenues for a broader, transnational investigation of the history of ideas about audiences.

In recent years, the evolution of urban environments, jointly with the progress of the Information and Communication sector, have enabled the rapid adoption of new solutions that contribute to the growth in popularity of Smart Cities. Currently, the majority of the world population lives in cities encouraging different stakeholders within these innovative ecosystems to seek new solutions guaranteeing the sustainability and efficiency of such complex environments. In this work, it is discussed how the experimentation with IoT technologies and other data sources form the cities can be utilized to co-create in the OrganiCity project, where key actors like citizens, researchers and other stakeholders shape smart city services and applications in a collaborative fashion. Furthermore, a novel architecture is proposed that enables this organic growth of the future cities, facilitating the experimentation that tailors the adoption of new technologies and services for a better quality of life, as well as agile and dynamic mechanisms for managing cities. In this work, the different components and enablers of the OrganiCity platform are presented and discussed in detail and include, among others, a portal to manage the experiment life cycle, an Urban Data Observatory to explore data assets, and an annotations component to indicate quality of data, with a particular focus on the city-scale opportunistic data collection service operating as an alternative to traditional communications. ; This work has been partially funded by the research project OrganiCity, under the grant agreement No. 645198 of the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program.

In Marx's writings there is a notion of "nature" as applied to man, which is not the notion ordinarily imputed to Marx. This notion is a more fundamental one and offers the possibility of a fresh analysis of certain aspects of Marx's theory on man and society. Up to now it has not been exploited by Marx's American commentators.

In European towns of the seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries, the sounds people heard were very different from those of today. Yet the
difference goes much deeper: whereas today we try to escape city noise, for the inhabitants of
early modern towns sound served as a crucial source of information. It formed a semiotic system,
conveying news, helping people to locate themselves in time and in space, and making them part of
an 'auditory community'. Sound helped to construct identity and to structure

relationships. The evolution of this information system reflects changes in social and political organization and in attitudes towards time and urban space.