Suchergebnisse

Introduction: Overweight and obesity among children and adolescents has increased significantly in the developed countries during the past two decades and similar trends are being observed even in the developing world. Methods: Mid adolescent boys and girls (14-16years) of three government and four private schools of Ujjain city were included with sample size of 1000. A pre designed questionnaire regarding nutritional and dietary history was prepared with measurement of anthropometry. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight and obese children in the present study was 6.8% and 3.7% respectively. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity in the private and government schools was 12.2% and 8.4% respectively (p<0.05). Excess calorie intake was seen with 92.3 % of obese children in government compared to 50.8% in private school (p=0.00). It was also found in our study that less outdoor activity, and spending more time with computer and TV was more common in overweight and obese children. Conclusion The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was much higher in private schools than government school. BMI underestimates the obesity while WHR is the better indicator for early detection of central obesity in the adolescent age group. Various factors which were found to have correlation with overweight and obesity included calorie intake, number of meals per day, lack of physical activity and overindulgence in indoor activity in the present study.

Aliens — Expulsion of — Exercise of right of expulsion — Relevance of previous unsuccessful proceedings against alien under extradition legislation — Expulsion as question solely for Executive — The law of Burma.

Abstract
Transport for London (TfL) employed 36,506 staff between 2014 and 2019, 22,202 worked within the London Underground (LU). Employees were regularly exposed to PM2.5 concentrations 15-fold higher than those found above ground in London. However, PM2.5 in the LU differs in physical and chemical characteristics relative to outdoor air, and the health impacts are largely unquantified. This project aims to quantify LU PM exposure of staff and measure its impact on cardiorespiratory sickness absence. A job exposure matrix was developed to model TfL employee PM2.5 exposure based on their jobs. Measurement campaigns were deployed across the LU network to validate and revise staff PM2.5 exposure, which was then linked to sickness absence records. Poisson models were developed to explore the relationship with cardiorespiratory sickness absence. PM2.5 exposure of customer service staff varied depending on their grade and tasks they undertake. Concentrations ranged from 2 to 138 µg/m3 in the offices and 3 to 1,036 µg/m3 on the platforms. Drivers' PM2.5 exposure was dependent on the line they worked on and the amount of time the train spent underground. Drivers have the highest PM2.5 exposure (median: 130 µg/m3) among all TfL staff and the highest mean number of all-cause (6.7) and respiratory (1.5) sickness absence episodes. This is the largest study to quantify LU PM exposure and the associated health effects within a London occupational cohort. It will contribute to a safer working environment for staff and to a better understanding of the potential health impact on the commuting population.