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In recent decades, international courts have increasingly started investigating armed conflicts. However, the impact of this remains under-researched. Patrick S. Wegner closes this gap via a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the International Criminal Court in the Darfur and Lord's Resistance Army conflicts. He offers a fresh approach to peace and conflict studies, while avoiding the current quantitative focus of the literature and polarisation between critics and supporters of applying justice in conflicts. This is the first time that the impact of an international criminal court has been analysed in all its facets in two conflicts. The consequences of these investigations are much more complex and difficult to predict than most of the existing literature suggests. Recurrent claims, such as the deterrent effect of trials and the danger of blocking negotiations by the issuing of arrest warrants, are put to the test here with some surprising results

"Using a range of methodological strategies and examining material from different media, ranging from illuminated manuscripts to wall painting, stained glass windows, and monumental sculpture, the articles in this volume show how different arboreal structures were conceived, employed, and appropriated by their specific contexts, how they functioned in their original framework, and how they were perceived by their audience."--Back cover

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how geographic diversification affects the performance of international new ventures.Design/methodology/approachThis study develops hypotheses about the individual and joint effects of geographic diversification and industry life cycle on the performance of international new ventures. This paper also introduces industry technology characteristics as a contingent factor for the above relationships and tests the hypotheses on a large panel data set.FindingsBased on the analyses of the strategies and performance of 699 listed Chinese international new ventures between 1991 and 2014, this study finds that the impact of geographic diversification on performance is contingent on the stage of the industry life cycle and that the moderating effect differs across high-technology and low-technology industries. The results suggest that it is fruitful for international new ventures in high-technology industries to undertake geographic diversification in earlier stages of the industry life cycle, but international new ventures in low-technology industries are better off undertaking geographic diversification during the later stages of the industry life cycle.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature on international entrepreneurship by identifying the industry life cycle conditions under which the learning advantages of international new ventures are effective and facilitate the achievement of better performance. This paper also shows that industry technology type matters for geographic diversification strategies of international new ventures.

ResumenHasta qué punto las voces que entran en conflicto con las posiciones hegemónicas son escuchadas en las noticias de cubrimiento internacional y cómo estos patrones del discurso público cambian a medida que nuevos sucesos se develan. Este texto analiza los artículos publicados sobre el presidente venezolano Hugo Chávez en un periódico elitista de Estados Unidos durante el periodo 2001-2002. Se efectuó el análisis de contenido de 65 artículos que pertenecían a tres períodos (antes, durante y después del golpe de Estado). Se halló que las voces anti-chavistas predominaban en los discursos de la esfera pública, hasta que un golpe militar ilegal lo removió del poder y, posteriormente, las voces pro-chavistas ganaron mayor espacio en la cobertura del líder venezolano.AbstractTo what degree are voices that conflict with hegemonic views heard in mainstream world news coverage, and how do those patterns of public discourse change as breaking events unfold? This paper examines articles published in U.S. elite media of Venezuelan President Chavez during 2001-2002. Sixty five articles from the New York Times were content analyzed in three time periods (pre-coup, coup, and post-coup). We find that anti-Chavez voices slightly dominated public sphere discourse until an illegal coup removed him from power, and subsequently pro-Chavista voices gained more entry.

AbstractInternationalization of business has become an emergent reality of emerging economy firms like from China and India. Through internationalization initiatives, firms expand its product market scope beyond domestic boundaries. Sociological theory of the firm posits that firms are embedded in society. Given the tenets of stakeholder theory, a firm has to address stakeholder issues even in the context of foreign countries post international expansion. In this research, the author conducted in‐depth interviews of 34 Indian CSR managers who have been involved in international CSR operations. The data were thematic, intensity, and relational content analyzed for insights. Findings related to both international CSR planning and implementation. The key findings indicated that Indian firms were more inclined to replicate in foreign contexts their CSR activities, which were being carried out domestically. Most international CSR decisions were planned and administered from Indian home CSR office. The nature of resources and capabilities that Indian firms deployed in foreign countries were mostly of Indian origin. Further, the defining processes involved in the management of international CSR were majorly designed by Indian home CSR office.

Wednesday Sessions Volume I ; A technical report on how international students are assigned to training and screened and vetted by U.S. government personnel prior to their arrival at the Naval Postgraduate School ; Security Cooperation, or SC, comprises all activities undertaken by the Department of Defense (DOD) to encourage and enable international partners to work with the United States to achieve strategic objectives. It includes all DOD interactions with foreign defense and security establishments, including all DOD-administered Security Assistance (SA) programs, that build defense and security relationships; promote specific U.S. security interests, including all international armaments cooperation activities and SA activities; develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations; and provide U.S. forces with peacetime and contingency access to host nations. Education and training opportunities for international students make up an important part of SC. This technical report explains the importance of SC, how students are selected, and the processes for vetting and screening international students before they arrive in the U.S. ; Approved for public release: distribution unlimited.

Among the many extraordinary developments attendant to China's transition from the Maoist era, one of the most significant - both for China and the rest of the world - has been the growing participation of the f People's Republic of China (PRC) in the global community. Emerging from an isolation which was by turns self-imposed and externally enforced, the PRC has rapidly embraced a wide range of international T relations, including membership of most international organizations, in [ stark contrast to its situation before the late 1970s. For many reasons, this increasing involvement with other nations has necessitated far greater f attention to international law than was common during the Maoist period. At the level of public international law, many more treaties have f been concluded; with respect to international business, a burgeoning sector of China's domestic economy now depends on long-term foreign j investment fostered by protective regulations. Far-flung foreign trade and Chinese investments abroad have even forced the PRC government to f litigate actively as a defendant in foreign courts, a prospect almost unimaginable 20 years ago.