Suchergebnisse

The aim of this paper is to study the dynamics of European regional per capita product over time and space. This purpose is achieved by using the recently developed methods of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. Using a sample of European regions over the 1980-1995 period, we find strong evidence of global and local spatial autocorrelation in per capita GDP throughout the period. The detection of clusters of high and low per capita products during the period is an indication of the persistence of spatial disparities between European regions. This analysis is finally refined by the investigation of the spatial pattern of regional growth.

The aim of this paper is to study the dynamics of European regional per capita product over time and space. This purpose is achieved by using the recently developed methods of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. Using a sample of European regions over the 1980-1995 period, we find strong evidence of global and local spatial autocorrelation in per capita GDP throughout the period. The detection of clusters of high and low per capita products during the period is an indication of the persistence of spatial disparities between European regions. This analysis is finally refined by the investigation of the spatial pattern of regional growth.

The aim of this paper is to study the dynamics of European regional per capita product over time and space. This purpose is achieved by using the recently developed methods of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. Using a sample of European regions over the 1980-1995 period, we find strong evidence of global and local spatial autocorrelation in per capita GDP throughout the period. The detection of clusters of high and low per capita products during the period is an indication of the persistence of spatial disparities between European regions. This analysis is finally refined by the investigation of the spatial pattern of regional growth.

This case study concerns the technology choice of farmers in
the Pakistan Punjab with regard to wheat varieties. It argues that
profitability of new crop technologies can only partly explain their
adoption, as access to inputs limits the choice of farmers. In Pakistan,
access to inputs is limited due to market structures and associated
institutional factors. In applied microeconomics, technology choice is
commonly estimated with the use of adoption models: the (expected)
profitability of prevailing and the new technologies are compared, and
it is assumed that the farmers opt for the most profitable one (taking
account of risk aversion and incomplete information). A simplification
often made is to assume that everyone has unlimited access to all
relevant goods and services. In this paper the latter assumption is
tested. More specifically, the paper is concerned with the consequences
of limits due to the organisational infrastructure of
markets.

Patterns of residential segregation by income are examined for a sample of incorporated suburban municipalities in 31 SMSAs. Using a variety of indicators of community fiscal wealth and government service levels, the observed patterns of residential segregation are linked to patterns of fiscal inequality. Evidence is presented documenting the extent of benefits of the present system of suburban fragmentation to the small number of the very richest communities and families in suburbs. The costs of this system are seen to fall more heavily on the poor and middle-income families.

Quantitative and qualitative analyses of ecological factors conducted on the distribution of the bonobos of the Lake Tumba Landscape did not fully explain the actual distribution of bonobos in that part of their range. Hence, the aim of this paper was to study the human cultural landscape of the region to shed light on questions raised by differentiated bonobo abundance. This was conducted using a combination of methods, including key word approach through focus group sessions, the Dempster combination rule to calculate the strength of belief and overlaying maps of ethnic groups and that of abundance of bonobos to see if the distribution of ethnic groups correlated with the density of the bonobos. Paired t-tests were used to assess difference in strength of belief between ethnic groups. Focal groups collected 113 stories, centered on six main themes, of which the most striking feature was the humanization of bonobos, with themes such as 'making of fire' (23.8%), 'crying by bonobos' (21.2%), 'bonobo as ancestors of human beings' (7.9%) and 'rescuing people from imminent danger' (6.1%). Calculated values for the strength of belief varied between ethnic groups; the Bateke held the highest (63%) strength of belief, while the weakest (14%) strength of belief was held in the cosmopolitan centers. Paired t-tests indicated that the strength of belief significantly differed (all p < 0.05, df = 29) between the Bateke and the two other ethnic groups. We concluded that strength of beliefs depicted the fact that Bateke, through their traditional taboos, had protected bonobos over centuries that they have been sharing the same forests.

The paper deals with auditing the technical condition of the Water Distribution Systems (WDS) and its individual elements. The paper presents the methodology of determining the operating and technical indicators (TI) for a preliminary assessment of the technical elements of WDS (pumping stations, water tanks, transmission mains, water distribution networks) and its implementation in two pumping stations, the necessary data and system of TI evaluation using the multi-objective optimisation and FMEA method. The proposed methodology allows the selection and ranking of WDS critical elements for more detailed analysis and suggestions for the type of renewal, including the expected financial costs. ; Článek pojednává o technickém auditu systémů pro zásobování pitnou vodou a jejich prvků. Jsou zde prezentovány legislativní požadavky v tomto oboru v České a Slovenské republice. V článku je prezentována metodika předběžného hodnocení vodovodních systémů (čerpacích stanic, vodojemů, přiváděcích řadů, rozvodných sítí). Navržená metodika umožňuje ohodnocení a selekci kritických prvků vodovodních systémů.