Suchergebnisse

A fim de ampliar o conhecimento referente à produção científica relacionada a impactos sociais, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as características das publicações sobre este tema na base de dados Web of Science, no período de 2005 a 2014, e identificar quais tópicos estudados junto a esta temática estão sendo mais pesquisados e quais os mais relevantes (hot topics). Esse estudo revelou, dentre outras questões, que cresce o volume de publicações nos anos mais recentes destacando-se como áreas que mais publicam: Engenharia (Engeneering) e Ciências Ecológicas e Ambientais (Environmental Sciences Ecology), o que sugere que a temática relaciona-se com políticas, planos, projetos e programas de desenvolvimento, evidenciado na literatura referente a impactos sociais a qual tem origem nos estudos sobre impactos ambientais. A análise dos "tópicos quentes" (hot topics) indicou que as áreas de Negócios e Economia (Business Economy) e Administração Pública (Public Administration) estão dentre as que mais publicam acerca da temática dos impactos sociais, representando um tema emergente junto a área da Administração.

Not Available ; The importance of fisheries in the national economy needs no emphasis. The reasons for the development of fisheries In India are the same as In many of the Third World countries: the need to (a) increased fish production, (b) secure Income and foreign exchange, and (c) provision of employment opportunities. This paper intends 1. to review and examine the current pace of social science research In marine fisheries, 2.to evaluate the performance of fishery policy and planning in India, and 3.to emphasise the need for sustained contribution of social science research for the integrated development and management of marine fisheries.it Is found that the pace of social science research in the fisheries sector has hither to been rather limited. Excepting a few studies sponsored by Government and also some pioneering attempts by individual social scientists, systematic analytical research Is lacking. The efforts of fishery policy and planning In India, so far, resulted In realising some of the national objectives in terms of growth of marine fish production and exports. information about the improvement of the socio-economic conditions of fishermen is scanty. Due to absence of social science research interms of penodlcal evaluation of planning strategy, implementation mechanism and the resultant benefits, the desired results could not be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate or problem oriented researching to Integrate the same with fisheries planning, and also to strengthen the social science research capacity for better development and management of marine fisheries. ; Not Available

"In his classic essay The Gift, Marcel Mauss argued that gifts can never be truly free; rather, they bring about an expectation of reciprocal exchange. For over one hundred years, his ideas on economy, social relations, and exchange have inspired new modes of thought, none more so than what crystallized in the 1980s around an innovative group of French academics. In The Gift Paradigm, Alain Caillé provides the first in-depth, English-language introduction to La Revue du MAUSS - or, "Anti-Utilitarian Movement in the Social Sciences," combining the work of anthropologists, sociologists, philosophers, and others. Today, the very idea of a "general social science" seems unthinkable, unless you count the pervasive sway of a utilitarian logic in orthodox economics, or the diffuse influence of neoliberalism. Here, Caillé offers a distinctly different reading of economy and society, inspired by Mauss - as vital now as ever." --

Université Bordeaux-Montaigne ; National audience ; Afin d'éviter des prises de position arbitraires ou, pire encore, idéologiques, les questions de la valorisation et de la diffusion, relatives à la place et au rôle des SHS dans les sociétés d'aujourd'hui, sont abordées ici à travers le prisme des principes épistémologiques qui en fondent les connaissances. C'est avec de telles précautions que des propositions concrètes seront présentées à la fin de cet exposé, accompagnées d'une tentative de synthèse méthodologique.

Université Bordeaux-Montaigne ; National audience ; Afin d'éviter des prises de position arbitraires ou, pire encore, idéologiques, les questions de la valorisation et de la diffusion, relatives à la place et au rôle des SHS dans les sociétés d'aujourd'hui, sont abordées ici à travers le prisme des principes épistémologiques qui en fondent les connaissances. C'est avec de telles précautions que des propositions concrètes seront présentées à la fin de cet exposé, accompagnées d'une tentative de synthèse méthodologique.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss a few principal and crucial steps of "antecedents" and "postcedents" in relation to structural equation modeling (SEM) in social science research.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based upon a conceptual and reflective discussion of SEM in social sciences research.FindingsSEM is not science per se, but just a tool that is used to extract meaning from the previous steps of research processes in terms of a research phenomenon in focus.Research limitations/implicationsBased upon the steps of validity and reliability discussed in relation to predetermined measurement and structural models in SEM, application implications are provided.Practical implicationsLike many statistical tools, SEM can be misused to manipulate findings and fit of measurement and structural models. Researchers may become more interested in the tool than in the subject matter.Originality/valueUsing SEM does not elevate research to be science or make the researcher a scientist! An area of concern for further debate is whether the widespread and variable applications of SEM in social science (in particular, marketing) research are all science.

Between 1869 and 1967, government-funded British charities sent nearly 100,000 British children to start new lives in the settler empire. This pioneering study tells the story of the rise and fall of child emigration to Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Southern Rhodesia. In the mid-Victorian period, the book reveals, the concept of a global British race had a profound impact on the practice of charity work, the evolution of child welfare, and the experiences of poor children. During the twentieth century, however, rising nationalism in the dominions, alongside the emergence of new, psychological theories of child welfare, eroded faith in the 'British world' and brought child emigration into question. Combining archival sources with original oral histories, Empire's Children not only explores the powerful influence of empire on child-centered social policy, it also uncovers how the lives of ordinary children and families were forever transformed by imperial forces and settler nationalism

Der vorliegende Methodenbericht dokumentiert die Konzeption und Durchfühung der 'Allgemeinen Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften' (ALLBUS) 1992 und des 'International Social Survey Programme' (ISSP) als internationalen Teil des ALLBUS. Damit soll den Nutzern des ALLBUS der Prozeß der Datenerhebung transparent gemacht werden, damit sie sich kritisch mit den gewonnenen Daten auseinandersetzen können. Der ALLBUS und das ISSP enthalten Fragen zur Erfassung demographischer Merkmale, von Verhaltensberichten und Einstellungen zu unterschiedlichen Themenstellungen. Der ALLBUS 1992 ermöglicht für Westdeutschland einen Vergleich über zehn Jahre hinweg. Der vorliegende Methodenbericht stellt zunächst das ALLBUS- und das ISSP-Programm kurz vor. Er erörtert sodann die Inhalte und Fragestellungen des ALLBUS 1992 und beschreibt abschließenhd die Stichprobe und Durchführung des ALLBUS und des ISSP 1992. (pag)

The model of Networks of Meaning is useful for ordering and grouping different texts of science according to their contributions and shared trajectories. The tools used can be described metaphorically as a sieve used to filter texts according to their shared meaning. The model uses tools from scientometrics, network analysis and documentary analysis. Our purpose is presenting an alternative analytical model for observing the dynamics of scientific production for example: paths and trajectories in contributions to solve different problems; not only researchers but communities of researchers that built together different answers; and to know who knows what and where in a specific territory. This model is applied to social sciences and humanities. Here is problematized the situation of social sciences and humanities according to the model.

In the period of post-communist transition, Central Europe witnessed complex and multifaceted mobility processes; permanent outmigration, of an ethnic or labour-related nature, coexisted with temporary, seasonal, or cross-border movements and an increasing influx of foreigners. To study these complex processes, we have chosen to apply a holistic and comprehensive approach, rather than limit conceptual considerations to one theory of migration determinants. We focus on eleven post-communist countries that joined the European Union (EU-11) and on the period extending from around 1989, covering the EU's eastward enlargement, to the present. The aim of this study is twofold: first, we propose a general conceptual framework, based on the aspirations/capabilities approach, to present the main determinants of emigration from this part of the European continent. Second, in relation to each determinant, we formulate research questions postulated by selected theories of international migration and present the evidence, based on existing empirical studies, that addresses these questions. The paper contributes to the literature by providing a broad interpretation of post-transition mobility and pointing to commonly overlooked explanatory factors. We highlight the importance of economic factors that have enhanced and directed the outward migration from the EU-11 to selected EU member states and selected economic sectors; in particular, as regards capabilities, these factors include the lifting of labour market restrictions, high demand in the secondary sector of labour markets, and the roles of migration networks and the migration industry. Emphasis is also placed on aspirational factors, such as labour market failures and the substantial aspirational gap resulting from improvements in high educational attainment in the countries of origin. The aspirations/capabilities approach serves well as a general framework of migration determinants, but its explanatory power is enhanced by reference to other, more specific theories of migration. We show that a combination of the complementary approaches provides a more refined and in-depth picture of migration from the region.