Suchergebnisse

This introduction offers an overall framework for the eight articles in this issue of the Journal of European Studies, which focus on Romanian identity and consciousness. It looks at the general history of Romania and the Republic of Moldova to show the evolution of consciousness over a century, since the formation of 'Great Romania' in 1918 to the present day. Aspects such as collective memory, migration, the change in the role of women, the crisis of the contemporary state, education and religion, as well as an overall crisis of patriarchy within a globalized context are discussed based on the analysis offered by the authors in their articles.

PHOENIX — There's no crystal ball that can look into the future of the field of admissions and tell us exactly what it is we need to prepare for. But we can study and analyze recent historical trends to see what we need to do to be better equipped for our future students and our future careers. That was the message from Amy Reitz, general manager of the Intersect™ line at Hobsons, who spoke to the trends and challenges facing admissions counselors at the 2017 annual Strategic Enrollment Management Conference hosted by the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers.

AbstractWe analyze the response of tax evasion to the introduction of a flat tax in several transition economies. Using a novel estimator based on household level data, we show that in most of the countries studied there was no discernible effect on the measured size of unreported income following a flat tax reform. This may imply that decreases in marginal tax rates may frequently have been accompanied by a parallel deterioration in attitudes towards public services and the government in general. The countries that show a response to the flat tax reform appear to be those where satisfaction with government services increased.

Under China's hukou system, I analyze the relationship between public education expenditure and structural change as measured by labor transfer from the agricultural to the industrial sector. I construct a two‐sector general equilibrium model, which shows that in the short term, public education expenditure crowds out industrial capital accumulation and temporarily hinders structural change, but in the long term, public education expenditure permanently reduces rural residents' education costs. An inverted U‐shape relationship implied by the empirical evidence indicates that China's current public education expenditure is far from optimal, suggesting that China should increase it, especially for rural residents. (JEL I28, O11, O15)

Abstract
Since 1987, the Brazilian government has implemented a no-contact policy, which prevents contact between isolated indigenous tribes in the Amazon and members of the general public, including state officials. The government justifies this policy on the grounds that contact would expose members of isolated tribes to dangerous illnesses as well as violate their right to determine their own life processes. In this essay, I bring liberal theory to bear on the question of whether Brazil's treatment of isolated indigenous tribes is justified. I argue that the current policy actually fails to treat isolated indigenous persons as free and equal.

<p align="justify">El sistema político mexicano no ha sido inmune en materia de modernidad del Derecho. México requiere de una democracia constitucional, por lo que se tiene el riesgo de que los derechos humanos sólo sean un trámite de los acuerdos internacionales. Por ello, se expone un análisis documental y la observación empírica de actores involucrados estudiando de manera general el cómo la democracia electoral mexicana opera, en un estudio de caso, en los organismos autónomos; de manera particular, cómo fue operada la creación del comité ciudadano anticorrupción para el estado de Puebla, en 2017.</p>

Our research, based on a sample of 500 veterans currently studying at Israeli colleges and universities, suggests that certain aspects of military service are associated with greater entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, the desire to engage in entrepreneurship is higher among veterans with command experience than veterans without. Similarly, veterans of technological units generally express greater entrepreneurial interest than veterans of combat units. A comparison of commissioned and noncommissioned officers yields curious results and offers a possible direction for further investigation. Although Israel is among the few countries that maintains a mandatory draft, the general applicability of these findings to countries with volunteer forces is discussed.

AbstractIn this paper, we use a computable general equilibrium model to simulate the effects of drought and a decrease in agricultural productivity caused by climate change in Guatemala. A reduction in agricultural productivity would mean a considerable drop in crop and livestock production, and the resulting higher prices and lower household income would mean a significant reduction in the consumption of agricultural goods and food. The most negative effects of a drought would be concentrated in agriculture, given its intensive use of water. Because agricultural production is essential to ensuring food availability, these results suggest that Guatemala needs a proper water-distribution regulatory framework.

We develop a quantifiable general equilibrium model of trade and multinational production (MP) in which countries can specialize in innovation or production. Home market effects or comparative advantage leads some countries to specialize in innovation and relegate manufacturing operations to other countries via outward MP. Counterfactual analysis reveals that the reduction in the cost of MP or the integration of China into the world economy may hurt countries that are driven to specialize in production, although these losses tend to be very small. Contrary to popular fears, production workers gain even in countries that further specialize in innovation. (JEL D58, F12, F14, F23, L60, O31)

This paper examines the influence of managerial approach in terms of Intermunicipal cooperation on the efficiency and effectiveness of the local municipalities. The Intermunicipal cooperation shall not be understood as general panacea for municipalities. While in some countries, there had been identified the benefits of Intermunicipal cooperation, there are countries which decided to perform the cooperation through softer legislative measures. These managerial approaches to govern the cooperation are either left on the decisions of legislator or the voluntary principle is adopted. The results of the research streamline that the managerial approach influences the performance of competences in terms of efficiency.

El artículo estudia el extractivismo minero en América Latina esgrimiendo la tesis de que, a pesar de ser un fenómeno complejo, puede sistematizarse en pautas generales que configuran un patrón analítico en la región. A partir de la exposición de un caso significativo (la mina Marlin en Guatemala), se plantean cuatro paralelismos sobre el extractivismo minero en América Latina: el auge de la minería transnacional, el apoyo institucional, la apropiación territorial y la conflictividad emergente. Por último, se concluye que dichos paralelismos del extractivismo minero conducen a dos temas insoslayables en América Latina: el modelo primario-exportador y la democracia.

Reasons exist for believing that casino gaming revenue does not respond equally to all sources of income over the business cycle. We examine the growth and variability of casino revenue resulting from the growth and variability in different sources of income. We find that casino revenue behaves quite differently in response to short‐run and long‐run variation in each income source, thus revealing that the common use of personal income masks underlying drivers of each state's business cycle. Our results have implications for revenue forecasting models, research on the growth and variability of tax bases in general, and public policy. (JEL H72, H79, L83)

This article makes the case for the investigation of the post-adoption stages of gender equality policies. We develop the Gender Equality Policy in Practice Approach, built on: (1) the mix of instruments for policy action; (2) the process of inclusive empowerment in practice; and (3) gender transformation as the ultimate outcome. For the gender and politics community, we demonstrate the importance of incorporating implementation in taking policy success seriously; for the policy studies community, we show how engaging with gender provides a compelling critical case to test general propositions about policy success and the intersectional complexity of the policy process.

The general goal of this paper is to study senior Romanian citizens' EU attitudes after ten years of European membership, with a special focus on the unsolved tension between the instrumental and symbolic perspectives. By looking at the present context, the purpose of this research is to assess the challenges and transformations of the EU-related opinions and support of traditional euro-enthusiastic citizens in times of vulnerability and struggling economies. Equally, the paper favours a future-oriented view, and puts under scrutiny people's expectations and evaluations of the future developments of the EU and their consequences at personal, national and supra-national level.

This article surveys the co-evolution of monetary policy and financial stability for a number of countries from 1880 to the present. Historical evidence on the incidence, costs, and determinants of financial crises (the most extreme form of financial instability), combined with narratives on some famous financial crises, suggests that financial crises have many causes, including credit-driven asset price booms, which have become more prevalent in recent decades, but in general financial crises are very heterogeneous and hard to categorize. Moreover, evidence shows that the association across the country sample between credit booms, asset price booms, and serious financial crises is quite weak.