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"Neighbourhood open space ranks highly as a key component in suburban liveability assessments, originating from the development of urban planning as a profession and the proliferation of the garden suburb. Community Green uniquely connects the past, present and future of planning for small open spaces around the narrative of internal reserves. The distinctive planned spaces are typically enclosed on every side, hidden within residential blocks, serving as local pocket parks and reflecting the evolving values of community life from the garden city movement to contemporary new urbanism. This book resuscitates the enclosed, almost secretive reserve from history as a distinctive form of local open space whose problems and potentialities are relevant to many other green community spaces. In so doing, it opens up even wider connections between localism and globalism, the past and the future, and for connecting community initiatives to broader global challenges of cohesion, health, food, and climate change. This fully illustrated book charts the outcomes and implications of this evolution across several continents, injecting human stories of civic initiatives, struggles and triumphs along the way. Community Green will be of interest to a wide readership interested in studying, managing and improving the quality of all small open spaces in the urban landscape"--

"Indonesia is the world's second largest cigarette market: two out of three men smoke, and clove-laced tobacco cigarettes called kretek make up 95 percent of the market. To account for the staggering success of this lethal industry, Kretek Capitalism moves beyond a focus on the addictive hold of nicotine to examine how kretek manufacturers have adopted global tobacco technologies and enlisted Indonesians to labor on their behalf in fields and factories, at retail outlets and social gatherings, and online. The book charts how Sampoerna, a Philip Morris International subsidiary, uses contracts, competitions, and gender, class, and age hierarchies to extract overtime, shift, seasonal, gig, and unpaid labor from workers, influencers, artists, students, retailers, and consumers. Critically engaging nationalist claims about the commodity's cultural heritage and the jobs it supports, Marina Welker shows how global capitalism has transformed both kretek and the labor required to make and promote it."

Im maritimen Raum findet sich eine Vielzahl von Infrastrukturen, die von zentraler Bedeutung für die globalen Energiebeziehungen, das Netz des weltweiten Handels mit Nahrungs- und Düngemitteln und nicht zuletzt den Datenaustausch im Internet sind. Schon immer war das Meer Austragungsort geopolitischer Konflikte. Hinzu kommen nun hybride Bedrohungen, bei denen die Akteure die Weite des maritimen Raums nutzen, um im Verborgenen zu agieren. Zugleich werden maritime Infrastrukturen in Zukunft noch an Bedeutung gewinnen; so wird zu beobachten sein, welche neuen Infrastrukturen durch neuartige Nutzungen des maritimen Raums wie den Tiefseebergbau oder die Speicherung von Kohlenstoff entstehen. Einige maritime Infrastrukturen haben eine derart herausgehobene gesellschaftliche Bedeutung, dass sie als kritische Infrastrukturen verstanden und entsprechend besonders geschützt werden sollten. Zugleich gilt es, eine pauschale "Versicherheitlichung" des maritimen Raums zu vermeiden. Der hohe Grad der Vernetzung innerhalb Europas führt dazu, dass Infrastrukturen an der Küste eines Landes von besonderer Bedeutung für ganz Europa sein können. Darüber hinaus sind aufgrund der globalen Vernetzung aber auch maritime Infrastrukturen in weiter entfernten Regionen von kritischer Bedeutung für Europa. Um maritime Infrastrukturen zu schützen, sollte neben Ansätzen, die auf die Eigenheiten einzelner Einrichtungen oder Sektoren zielen, insbesondere auf Resilienz und Diversifizierung gesetzt werden. Wo dies nicht möglich und die Bedrohung durch staatliche Akteure groß ist, bedarf es ergänzender militärischer Schutzmaßnahmen.

Front Cover -- MECHANISM DESIGN, BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS -- MECHANISM DESIGN, BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 - Introduction to mechanism design, behavioral science, and artificial intelligence in international relations -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 International relations -- 1.3 Mechanism design -- 1.3.1 Auctions -- 1.3.2 Bargaining mechanisms -- 1.3.3 Matching mechanisms -- 1.3.4 Voting mechanisms -- 1.3.5 Public goods provision mechanisms -- 1.4 Behavioral science and nudges -- 1.5 Artificial intelligence -- 1.5.1 Machine learning -- 1.5.2 Evolutionary programming -- 1.5.3 Soft computing -- 1.6 Mechanism design, behavioral science, AI, and IR -- 1.7 Rest of the book -- AI disclosure -- References -- I - Peace and security -- 2 - Interstate conflict -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Drivers of interstate conflicts -- 2.2.1 Economic competition -- 2.2.2 Economic disparities -- 2.2.3 Ideologies and political differences -- 2.2.4 Security dilemma -- 2.2.5 Military alliances -- 2.2.6 Sharing borders -- 2.2.7 Distance between capitals -- 2.2.8 Superpower -- 2.2.9 Military capability -- 2.2.10 Democratic peace -- 2.2.11 Economic dependence -- 2.3 Economic disparities and competition in interstate conflict -- 2.4 Ideologies and political differences in interstate conflict -- 2.5 Controlling interstate conflict -- 2.6 Conclusion -- AI disclosure -- References -- 3 - International treaties -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Economic competition -- 3.2.1 The role of economic competition -- 3.2.2 Enforcing economic competition treaties -- 3.3 Economic dependency -- 3.3.1 The role of economic dependency -- 3.3.2 Promoting economic relationships -- 3.4 Security -- 3.4.1 Role of security treaties.

»Erziehung« und »Bildung« sind zentrale Begriffe erziehungswissenschaftlicher Theoriebildung und pädagogischer Praxis. Dass bereits in deren Konzeption Auffassungen von Geschlecht als zentrale Strukturelemente eingegangen sind, wird jedoch innerhalb erziehungswissenschaftlicher Fachdiskurse wenig reflektiert. Der Einführungsband will diese Problematik wissenschaftstheoretisch aufarbeiten sowie mit feministischen und geschlechtertheoretischen Ansätzen kontrastieren.

In international law the definition of refugee is widely seen as unclear. This book systematically analyses the interpretation, ordering, and interrelationship of the definition's components as well as the disputes that have arisen around it. The volume seeks to clarify propositions and demonstrate there is progress toward a working definition.

Cover -- Recent Titles from the Moral Traditions Series -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1 Political Theology's Loss of Law: Why Francisco Suárez Matters -- 2 Law as Activity: Suárez's Theory of Law from Below -- 3 Suárez and Modernity: Critics and Concerns -- 4 The Work of the People: The Power of Custom for Positive Lawmaking -- 5 Doubts and Deliberation: Communal Engagement in Legal Interpretation -- 6 Falling between the Legal Cracks: Practices of Equity in the Face of Injustice -- Conclusion -- Index -- About the Author.

"The Routledge Companion to Censorship and Freedom of Expression offers a thorough exploration of the debates surrounding this contentious topic, considering the importance placed upon it in democratic societies and the reasons frequently proposed for limiting and constraining it. This volume addresses the various historical, philosophical, political and cultural parameters of censorship and freedom of expression as well as current debates involving technology, journalism and media regulation. Geographically, temporally and culturally diverse accounts of censorship and freedom of expression are discussed through a broad range of perspectives and case studies. This Companion covers core principles and concerns in addition to more specialist and controversial debates, including those surrounding hate speech, holocaust denial, pornography and so-called 'cancel culture'. The collection pays particular attention to the role of the media in both facilitating and suppressing freedom of expression. Comprehensive, original and timely, The Routledge Companion to Censorship and Freedom of Expression is a go-to resource for scholars and advanced students of media, communication and journalism studies"--

Tod und Sterben gehören zu den existentiellen Grunderfahrungen des Menschseins, die seit jeher Gegenstand kultureller Deutung sind. Der erste Teil des Bandes nähert sich dem Thema aus der Perspektive der philosophischen und theologischen Anthropologie, wobei zunächst die philosophischen Grundmodelle des Leib-Seele-Problems und ihre variantenreiche Rezeption im Raum der drei abrahamitischen Religionen thematisiert werden. Auf dieser Grundlage sind dann im zweiten Teil des Bandes mit der Debatte um Hirntod und Suizidassistenz zwei aktuelle medizinethische Konfliktfelder zu thematisieren, in denen unterschiedliche Todesverständnisse virulent werden.

Acknowledging indigenous knowledge : introduction -- 'Nature-based knowledge' aligning science and wisdom -- Extractive industries mining way in indigenous and local communities -- Food as commodity : 'super' food insecurity of indigenous peoples : analysis from Asia, Africa and Latin America -- Pastoralists, nomadic movements, and identity in tropical grasslands -- Factory schools : erasing children's indigenous knowledge and languages -- Indigenous peoples and wildlife coexistence in tropical mountains : socio-cultural impact -- Communicating the art of bridging indigenous knowledge with science and policy.

An epic history of how the so-called 'barbarians of the steppes' shaped the modern world. 'A rollercoaster of historical narration' History Today'This is a history of epic scope that brings together the empires of the steppe land with the caravan cities of the Silk Road and imperial China' Martyn Rady, author of The Middle Kingdoms'A sweeping account of forty-five centuries of nomadic tribes' Gillian Tett, Financial Times'Flips the script to present the booted, felt-capped, leather-trousered and kaftan-wearing nomads as the bearers of civilisation . . . Harl's exhaustively researched book will ensure they rejoin the narrative of world history' Marc David Baer, GuardianThe barbarian nomads of the Eurasian steppes played a decisive role in world history, but their achievements have gone largely unnoticed. These tribes produced some of the world's greatest conquerors: Attila the Hun, Genghis Khan and Tamerlane, among others. And their deeds still resonate today. Indeed, these nomads built long-lasting empires, facilitated the first global trade of the Silk Road and disseminated religions, technology, knowledge and goods of every description that enriched and changed the lives of so many across Europe, China and the Middle East. From a single region emerged a great many peoples - the Huns, the Mongols, the Magyars, the Turks, the Xiongnu, the Scythians, the Goths - all of whom went on to profoundly and irrevocably shape the modern world. In this enthralling new history, Professor Kenneth W. Harl draws on a lifetime of scholarship to vividly recreate the lives of these peoples from their beginnings to the early modern age. Their brutal struggle to survive on the steppes bred a resilient, pragmatic people ever-ready to learn from their neighbours. In warfare, they dominated the battlefield for over fifteen hundred years. Under charismatic rulers, they could topple empires and win their own