Suchergebnisse

This article is the fifth and final in a Nationalities Papers series providing an overview of the development of Romani political group representation and administration, from the arrival of Roma to Europe up to 1971, the landmark year of modern transnational Romani politics. The article concentrates on the period between the Second World War and 1970 and the emergence of the following phenomena which distinguish this period from those covered in the previous articles: some limited Romani participation in non-Romani mainstream political or administrative structures, an international Romani evangelical movement, reconciliation between Romani political representation and the Catholic Church, national institutions created by various governments to aid the administration of policies on Roma and rapid growth of non-governmental organizations addressing Romani issues. Adapted from the source document.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Sustainable Consumption and Production: Introduction to Circular Economy and Beyond -- Introduction -- Circular Economy -- Circular Economy and Beyond -- References -- 2 From Business Models to Modes of Provision: Framing Sustainable Consumption and Production -- Introduction -- Antecedents of Framing the Impact of Production and Consumption -- The Business Model Label as a New Way of Framing Sustainable Consumption and Production -- Advantages of the Business Model Framing -- More Inclusive Definitions of Value Created -- An Orientation to (Re-)design and Innovation -- Bridging to Incorporate Work on Product-Service Systems -- Addressing the Micro-Macro Challenge: Business Model Innovation and Societal Transitions -- An Explicit Look at the Shifting Boundary Between Production and Consumption -- Limitations of the Business Model Construct for Sustainable Consumption and Production -- Business (Model) as Usual -- Assessing the Sustainability of Modes of Provision -- Towards a Comparative Understanding of Modes of Provision -- References -- 3 Histories and Futures of Circular Economy -- Introduction -- Applying a Historical Lens to Circular Economy -- Imagined Futures of the Circular Economy -- Analysing Social Futures -- Contested Imagined Futures of Circular Economy -- Conclusion -- References -- 4 Critical Approaches to Circular Economy Research: Time, Space and Evolution -- Introduction -- The Temporalities of Material Flows: The Environmental Rationales for a CE -- The Spatiality of Material Flows: Revealing the Hidden Places of CE -- Material Flows Drive Evolutionary Adaptation -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Scope for Circular Economy Model in Urban Agri-Food Value Chains -- New Urban Agenda: A Call for Transformation.

Azerbaijan's economy has faced three major challenges in 2020. First, it was the coronavirus pandemic, which led to massive closures of business enterprises, unemployment, and deterioration of the population conditions. Second, it was the fall of prices for oil the export of which is the main source of income for Azerbaijan. Third, it was the military conflict with Armenia, which required from the country serious financial expenses. As a result Azerbaijan's GDP decreased by 4.3% compared to 2019. It will take 2 to 5 years for its economy to recover.

Introduction -- Industrial and science, technology and innovation (STI) policies in Japan and South Korea -- STI policies in Japan -- STI policies in Korea -- Science, technology and innovation policies in Japan and Korea -- STI and industrial policies in Korea : electronics -- STI and industrial policies in Japan : electronics -- STI and industrial policies in Korea : medical devices -- STI and industrial policies in Japan : medical devices -- STI and industrial policies in Korea : aircraft manufacturing -- STI and industrial policies in Japan : aircraft manufacturing -- STI and industrial policies in Korea : railway equipment -- STI and industrial policies in Japan : railway equipment

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- One: Fantasy in America: The United States v. Daniel Thomas DePew -- Two: Clothes Make the Man -- Three: Life in the Fat Lane -- Four: Disgust and Desire: Hustler Magazine -- Five: How to Look at Pornography -- Notes -- Acknowledgments

It is understood that corruption can change the incentives to engage in political violence. However, the scope for corruption to change attitudes toward the permissibility of violence has received less attention. Drawing on Moral Foundations Theory, we argue that experiences of corruption in the social environment are likely to shape individual attitudes toward violent behavior. Using Afrobarometer data, we document a statistically significant and sizable relationship between an individual's experience of paying bribes and their attitudes to political, interpersonal, and domestic violence. These relationships are evident, and not significantly different, for men and women and are robust to the inclusion of variables capturing the local incidence of corruption, local norms regarding violence, and a proxy for the local incidence of violence with the community. Corruption is associated with permissive attitudes to violence even after controlling for the perceived legitimacy of the police and courts.

By highlighting the case of French Guiana and – more extensively – its border with Brazil, this article is a contribution to the recent academic interest in the European Union's ›Outermost Regions‹ and the colonial continuities implied by their status. The article begins by depicting sociology's Eurocentric tradition, precluding postcolonial perspectives on Europe d'outre mer from gaining a foothold in mainstream research and curricula.In this context, recent re-conceptualizations of ›entangled‹ histories and modernities/modernity are brought into focus. In a second step, the paper offers a historical overview of French Guiana and its contested border with Brazil. The article proceeds by presenting ethnographic field notes from the border region. These empirical insights illustrate the on-going entanglements not only between ›mainland‹ France and its exclave on the Latin American continent, but also between France and Brazil as well as between Europe and Latin America more generally.

This article examines the crisis of the social democratic model in the four countries (Austria, Norway, Finland, and Sweden) in which social democracy was most successful in maintaining and even extending its two central achievements—full employment and the institutional welfare state—through the end of the 1980s. Four major conclusions emerge from the analysis. First, supply side measures, more so than demand management, were central to the employment and growth models pursued by social democracy prior to the early 1970s. Second, the increasing trade openness contributed little to the recent problems of social democracy. By contrast, financial internationalization and deregulation and the multinationalization of capital undermined important features of the supply and demand sides of the models. Third, changes in the international and domestic economies have weakened centralized bargaining. Fourth, governments in the three Nordic countries made serious mistakes in economic policy, which greatly aggravated their difficulties.

Dianne Rayson addresses the theological and ethical questions of anthropogenic climate change by engaging the works of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. She dives deep into Bonhoeffer's texts and ecotheological insights, and emerges with an Earthly Christianity for the Anthropocene that is Christological, relational, and steeped in ethical responsibility.

Introduction -- God and his chosen people: Act II -- America: chasing the pot of gold -- Guns: violence, gender and American character -- Glory: the rise and fall of American exceptionalism -- The sorrows of American character -- 49 shades of social character and one more on the way -- Epilogue.

One of the vital questions connected with the system transformation in Poland and other former Soviet Bloc countries is whether the overthrow of the communist system was caused by the poor state of their economies or rather people's struggle for their civil rights. However, the "either/or nature" of this question is disturbed by another possibility: it might have been a relativelygoodstate of the economy which made the overthrow possible. Moreover, there is no doubt that the introduction of free market and democracy resulted in many positive changes in people's lives: from the increase in life expectancy and subjective well‐being to the growth of civil liberty. Yet, economic development and (more broadly) modernity also produce extensively described negative effects which, at certain point, seem to "neutralise" their positive ones. Poland and other Central and Eastern European countries seem to follow this path. Sistemos transformacija vidurio ir Rytų Europoje, ekonomikos plėtra ir subjektyvioji gerovė Santrauka.Vienas svarbiausių klausimų, susijusių su sistemos transformacija Lenkijojeir kitose buvusiose sovietinio bloko šalyse, yra toks – ar komunistinio režimonuvertimas buvo sukeltas neturtingų valstybių ekonomikos, ar žmonių kovosdėl savo teisių? Kad ir kaip būtų, šio klausimo atsakymui "arba. arba" trukdokita galimybė: tai galėtų būti gera valstybė, kurios ekonomika sudarė palankiassąlygas nuversti minėtą režimą. Be to, nėra abejonių, kad laisvos rinkos irdemokratijos įvedimas sukėlė daug pozityvių pokyčių žmonių gyvenime – nuodidėjančių galimybių ir gerovės iki augančios pilietinės laisvės. Vis dėlto ekonomikosplėtra ir modernumas taip pat sukelia plačiai aprašytų negatyvių pasekmių,kurios tam tikrais atvejais naikina pozityviąsias. Lenkija ir kitos Viduriobei Rytų Europos šalys eina šiuo keliu. Reikšminiai žodžiai: sistemos transformacija, kapitalizmas, ekonomikos augimas,laimė, tradicinės ir sekuliariosios bei racionaliosios vertybės, materialinėsir postmaterialinės vertybės, subjektyvioji gerovė. First ...

One of the vital questions connected with the system transformation in Poland and other former Soviet Bloc countries is whether the overthrow of the communist system was caused by the poor state of their economies or rather people's struggle for their civil rights. However, the "either/or nature" of this question is disturbed by another possibility: it might have been a relativelygoodstate of the economy which made the overthrow possible. Moreover, there is no doubt that the introduction of free market and democracy resulted in many positive changes in people's lives: from the increase in life expectancy and subjective well‐being to the growth of civil liberty. Yet, economic development and (more broadly) modernity also produce extensively described negative effects which, at certain point, seem to "neutralise" their positive ones. Poland and other Central and Eastern European countries seem to follow this path. Sistemos transformacija vidurio ir Rytų Europoje, ekonomikos plėtra ir subjektyvioji gerovė Santrauka Vienas svarbiausių klausimų, susijusių su sistemos transformacija Lenkijojeir kitose buvusiose sovietinio bloko šalyse, yra toks – ar komunistinio režimonuvertimas buvo sukeltas neturtingų valstybių ekonomikos, ar žmonių kovosdėl savo teisių? Kad ir kaip būtų, šio klausimo atsakymui "arba. arba" trukdokita galimybė: tai galėtų būti gera valstybė, kurios ekonomika sudarė palankiassąlygas nuversti minėtą režimą. Be to, nėra abejonių, kad laisvos rinkos irdemokratijos įvedimas sukėlė daug pozityvių pokyčių žmonių gyvenime – nuodidėjančių galimybių ir gerovės iki augančios pilietinės laisvės. Vis dėlto ekonomikosplėtra ir modernumas taip pat sukelia plačiai aprašytų negatyvių pasekmių,kurios tam tikrais atvejais naikina pozityviąsias. Lenkija ir kitos Viduriobei Rytų Europos šalys eina šiuo keliu. Reikšminiai žodžiai: sistemos transformacija, kapitalizmas, ekonomikos augimas,laimė, tradicinės ir sekuliariosios bei racionaliosios vertybės, materialinėsir postmaterialinės vertybės, subjektyvioji gerovė. First published online:10 Feb 2011