Suchergebnisse

Terrorism in archipelagic Southeast Asia / Clinton Fernandes and Damien Kingsbury -- New terrorism in Southeast Asia / Carlyle Thayer -- Islam, Islamism, and politics in Indonesia / Greg Barton -- Maritime security in Southeast Asia / Craig Snyder -- Instability in archipelagic Southeast Asia / Damien Kingsbury -- Dynamics of Muslim separatism in the Philippines / Kit Collier -- The tyranny of invented traditions, Aceh / Stephen Sherlock -- Greed, the silent force of conflict in Asia / Lesley McCulloch -- Security forces in Ambon / Muhammad Najib Azca -- East Timor in transition, an Australian policy challenge / Clinton Fernandes -- East Timor border security / Damien Kingsbury

Russische Truppen verwickeln sich von Tag zu Tag mehr in einen Kampf mit 'islamischen Rebellen', die offenbar aus Tschetschenien in den Westen Dagestans eingedrungen sind. Am 10.8.1999 riefen diese einen 'unabhängigen Staat Dagestan' aus, forderten die Durchsetzung der Scharia in der Vielvölkerrepublik im Osten des Nordkaukausus und sagten allen 'fremden Truppen' im Nordkaukasus den Kampf an. Stellt sich da eine weitere nationale Sezessionsbewegung, ähnlich der tschetschenischen, unter die Flagge des Islam und gegen russische Oberherrschaft? Ist gar zu erwarten, dass der ganze muslimische Teil des Kaukasus zu einer Front gegen Russland vereint wird? Die Weite solcher Szenarien steht im Kontrast zum lokalen Charakter der Ereignisse. Was das nationale Sezessionspotential betrifft, bestehen grundlegende Unterschiede zwischen Dagestan und Tschetschenien. Aber Vereinigungsbestrebungen zwischen islamistischen Gruppierungen in beiden Republiken provozieren Befürchtungen über einen neuen Kaukasuskrieg. (BIOst-Dok)

Work in the contemporary creative industries has been celebrated for offering freedom and fulfilment. An alternative interpretation is that the creative worker can be party to her own exploitation, tolerating precariousness employment and uncertain rewards for love of the work. This article explores the problems of creative working for women, looking beyond the practical difficulties of reconciling precarity and parenting responsibilities. It investigates gendered conflicts around creative identities and contemporary feminine subjectification through a narrative-discursive analysis of interview material. The article argues that for women creatives the promise of self-actualization through creative work is countered by conflicts arising from an 'other-directedness' that is part of a more conventional feminine identity.

Flüchtlinge stehen vor vielen Problemen, die nicht nur in ihren Heimatländern entstehen, sondern häufig durch die Politik anderer Staaten und internationaler Organisationen verursacht werden. Flüchtlinge leben in unentschiedenen Zuständen. Obwohl die Flucht vor kriegerischer Gewalt seit Jahrzehnten prominentes Thema der internationalen Politik ist, weist die globale Flüchtlingspolitik erhebliche Lücken auf. Dieser Band zeigt durch Fallstudien zu palästinensischen Flüchtlingen, zu Flüchtlingen aus Sri Lanka, Liberia, Kolumbien, Kosovo und anderen Regionen, wie Politik mit Flüchtlingen gemacht wird und welche Folgen die Politik der Unentschiedenheit für sie hat.

Outlines the expected utility approach to conflict termination decisions and the problems associated with classical EU approaches. Argues that an a-rational approach offers some advantages over EU where complex political processes, involving decision-makers' judgements and choices, are being dealt with. (SJK)

While some experts insist that the spread of nuclear weapons will undermine world stability, others contend that this path is fully compatible with international political stability. Realists are optimistic about the implications of nuclear weapons spread because, in a rational world, nuclear weapons favor the defender over the attacker, making war less probable. Others suggest that nuclear weapons are either irrelevant, because they are not actually useful in combat, or dangerous, in that they can inadvertently escalate wars to levels of unprecedented destruction. The perspective of nuclear agnosticism, admittedly characterized by diversity, offers a more plausible prospectus for the role of nuclear weapons in the new world order than does the realist view based on misreading of Cold War experience. Adapted from the source document.

So as to provide a more general framework for an analysis of those factors that can influence the outcome of bargaining under a situation of uncertainty, this article develops an adaptive-expectations multisized-concession paradigm of bargaining. The firmness with which bargainers hold to their positions is a function of the expected utility of the potential payoffs associated with alternative moves, and the size of alternative concession prospects is considered implicitly in relationship to the differential effect on subjective probability distributions. The construct permits the development of the role of bargaining as a communicative device, designed to transmit and receive information, create and dispel uncertainty. Bluff and notbluff are discussed as tactics of conflict and conciliation, within the context of a relationship between the manifest bargaining stance of bargainers and their actual commitment to their current demand. The "loss of face" factor involved in concession moves is explored, as well as the role of time and timing as bargaining tactics. Finally, quid pro quo is discussed as a tactic of conciliation, together with the constituents of what might be termed an optimum bargaining behavior.

PurposeAdaptation appears to be regarded as a panacea in policy circles to reduce the risk of impending crises resulting from contemporary changes, including but not restricted to climate change. Such conceptions can be problematic, generally assuming adaptation as an entirely positive and non-conflictual process. The purpose of this paper is to challenge such uncritical views, drawing attention to the conflictual nature of adaptation, and propose a theoretical framework facilitating the identification and analysis of conflicts in adaptation.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on case study research using first-hand narratives of adaptation in Nepal and the Maldives collected using qualitative interviews, participant observation and document analysis.FindingsThe findings identify conflicts between actors in, and around, communities that are adapting to changes. These conflicts can be categorized along three dimensions: qualitative differences in the type of conflict, the relative position of conflicting actors and the degree of manifestation of the conflict.Originality/valueThe three-dimensional Adaptation Conflict Framework facilitate analysis of conflicts in adaptation, allowing for a critical examination of subjectivities inherent in the adaptation discourses embedded in disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation research and policy. Such an inquiry is crucial for interventions supporting community adaptation to reduce disaster risk.

A common perception of global resource scarcity holds that it is inevitably a catalyst for conflict among nations; yet, paradoxically, incidents of such scarcity underlie some of the most important examples of international cooperation. This volume examines the wider potential for the experience of scarcity to promote cooperation in international relations and diplomacy beyond the traditional bounds of the interests of competitive nation states. The interdisciplinary background of the book's contributors shifts the focus of the analysis beyond narrow theoretical treatments of international relations and resource diplomacy to broader examinations of the practicalities of cooperation in the context of competition and scarcity. Combining the insights of a range of social scientists with those of experts in the natural and bio-sciences—many of whom work as 'resource practitioners' outside the context of universities—the book works through the tensions between 'thinking/theory' and 'doing/practice', which so often plague the process of social change. These encounters with scarcity draw attention away from the myopic focus on market forces and allocation, and encourage us to recognise more fully the social nature of the tensions and opportunities that are associated with our shared dependence on resources that are not readily accessible to all. The book brings together experts on theorising scarcity and those on the scarcity of specific resources. It begins with a theoretical reframing of both the contested concept of scarcity and the underlying dynamics of resource diplomacy. The authors then outline the current tensions around resource scarcity or degradation and examine existing progress towards cooperative international management of resources. These include food and water scarcity, mineral exploration and exploitation of the oceans. Overall, the contributors propose a more hopeful and positive engagement among the world's nations as they pursue the economic and social benefits derived from natural resources, while maintaining the ecological processes on which they depend.

The peace through trade hypothesis receives extensive support from a large empirical literature. However, extant research does not isolate whether this relationship holds for states that have fought in the past, or whether its influence following armed disputes isdependent upon the ways in which states settle their conflicts. Additionally, although recent research finds that imposed settlements are more pacifying than other forms of political settlement, these studies tend not to isolate factors associated with variation inthe stability of imposed settlements. In this article, we examine how settlements condition the influence of trade on conflict recurrence, both to overcome a limitation in extant studies of trade and conflict, which tend to ignore the way states settle prior disputes, andto further an understanding of how post-conflict state interaction varies by (and within) settlement type. Looking at dyadic trade and recurrent conflict from 1885 to 2000, we find that imposed settlements foster a pacifying effect of trade, while negotiated settlementsand failures to reach settlement lead to relationships in which trade has crosscutting effects on the stability of peace, resulting in an overall null effect of trade on conflict recurrence. (International Interactions/ FUB 2011)

WORLD PEACE REQUIRES A CIVILIZED INTERNATIONAL ORDER IN WHICH ALL NATIONS ARE UNARMED AND CATEGORICALLY REJECT FORCE AS A MEANS OF SETTLING DISPUTES. SUCH A CIVILIZED ORDER PRE-SUPPOSES NEITHER A WORLD GOVERNMENT NOR A SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE. BECAUSE GOVERNMENTS ARE LIKELY TO OPPOSE SUCH AN ORDER, PEACE IS A TASK THAT PEOPLE MUST TAKE INTO THEIR OWN HANDS.

The article represents the Haukkala's review of Sergei Prozorov's 'Understanding conflict between Russia and the EU' and the response of Prozorov to the review. The author of the response seems very argumentative to the review of Haukkala and lists a few objectives Haukkala misunderstood and/or misrepresented in his review. The chapter includes remarks on such topics as common European pluralism, perpetual oscillation between sovereign and integrationist approaches to the EU to Russia, the Haukkala's accusation of non-linguistic practices of Prozorov, visa curtain and visa procedures, etc. All in all, Prozorov defends his remarks in the original work properly and very logically. L. Babiasz