Suchergebnisse

Examines how Russians understand the terms left-wing and right-wing, what kinds of people are in each, how important is this self-placement, and how these relationships are changing in the transition to democracy and free market economics.

Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что условием сохранения позиционирования России в современном мире выступает её инновационная составляющая. На сегодняшний день стало очевидным, что сырьевая модель экономического развития экономики России устарела и возникла потребность в другой модели, предпосылки которой уже сложились в нашей стране, - это модель неоиндустриальной экономики. Цель работы: рассмотрев и оценив сложившуюся ситуацию в экономическом развитии России, выдвинуть некоторую гипотезу о наличии множества факторов, которые оказывают влияние на претворение в жизнь новой модели развития, основанной на модернизации. Рассмотреть действие этих факторов в рамках Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что условием сохранения позиционирования России в современном мире выступает её инновационная составляющая. На сегодняшний день стало очевидным, что сырьевая модель экономического развития экономики России устарела и возникла потребность в другой модели, предпосылки которой уже сложились в нашей стране, - это модель неоиндустриальной экономики. Цель работы: рассмотрев и оценив сложившуюся ситуацию в экономическом развитии России, выдвинуть некоторую гипотезу о наличии множества факторов, которые оказывают влияние на претворение в жизнь новой модели развития, основанной на модернизации. Рассмотреть действие этих факторов в рамках трансформации динамики развития экономики, сделать авторские выводы по теме исследования. Методы исследования: фактографический метод, основанный на изучении всех опубликованных, зафиксированных фактов, характеризующих состояние экономики России в ключе изучаемой проблемы; мониторинг, заключающийся в выборе каких-либо индикаторов, сборе информации, в формализации полученных результатов, упорядочении, обработке информации, выявлении закономерностей и устойчивых тенденций в рамках исследуемой проблемы; системный анализ. Результаты: Сформулировано и проанализировано множество факторов, которые оказывают влияние на претворение в жизнь концепции новой модернизации. Новая модернизация рассмотрена в виде общей комплексной составляющей развития, которая включает экономические, политические и социальные, а также пространственные факторы, трансформирующие динамику развития экономики. Отмеченные в статье подходы к развитию инноваций сегодня получили название единого неоиндустриального подхода к социально-экономическому развитию России. Правительству России необходимо для претворения в жизнь неиндустриальной модернизации уделять внимание не только высокотехнологическим отраслям национальной экономики, но также и инфраструктуре страны, учитывая специфику регионов в плане ресурсных и пространственных особенностей. Всё это в конечном итоге должно обеспечить социальную и экономическую устойчивость и целостность России, что очень важно в связи с вступлением России в ВТО. ; Relevance of the study is caused by the fact that Russia innovative component is a condition to save its positioning in the modern world. Recently it is obvious that the raw model of economic development of Russia economy is out of date and there is a demand for another model, is a model of neoindustrial economy; its premises have been already developed in our country. The objective of the study is to make a hypothesis of existing set of factors which impact on implementation of a new development model based on upgrades, having considered and having evaluated the current situation in economic development of Russia; to consider the action of these factors within the transformation of economy development dynamics, to draw the conclusions on a research subject. Research methods: the factual method based on study of all published, recorded facts, characterizing state of the economy of Russia in the sense of the studied problem; the monitoring consisting in a choice of any indicators, information collection, in formalization of the received results, streamlining, information processing, detection of regularities and steady tendencies within the researched problem; systems analysis. Results: The set of factors which affects on implementation of the concept of a new upgrade is stated and analyzed. New upgrade is considered in the form of a general complex component of development which includes economic, political and social, and also the spatial factors transforming dynamics of the economy development. The approaches to the development of innovations marked in the paper received the title of a uniform neoindustrial approach to social and economic development of Russia. To implement the industrial up-grade the government of Russia should pay attention not only to high-tech branches of national economy, but also to the country infrastructure, considering specific character of regions in respect of resource and spatial features. All these facts should finally support social and economic stability and integrity of Russia that is very important in connection with Russia accession to the World Trade Organization.

This article deals with the issues pertinent to the EU Russia visa dialogue one of the major areas of cooperation between the two partners. The article aims to identify the main problems of this dialogue, as well as prospects for the introduction of a visa-free regime between the EU and Russia. The authors provide a historical overview of cooperation in this area and consider problems and prospects of visa liberalization from the economic, legal, and political perspectives. The analysis draws on primary sources such as the EU and Russia's legislation, EU Russia agreements on visa facilitation and readmission, visa statistics, expert interviews, as well as analytical reports and research works on the topic. Particular attention is paid to the "Common steps towards visa-free short-term travel of the citizens of the EU and Russia", which is currently the main document in the visa dialogue. Having assessed the implementation of the provisions contained in the four blocks of the "Common Steps", the authors draw conclusions about the political nature of major obstacles to a visa-free regime.This article is based on the proceedings of the "Russia and European Union: the dynamics of interrelations" international conference organized by the EU center of the I. Kant Baltic Federal University (the EU4U project).

For a long time the activities of mass media in Russia have been largely determined, and are still being determined now, by the state authorities. The state controls the activities of the information impact subjects, considering information resources, on an equal basis with other resources, to be important links that connect the multinational people into a single unity, and to remain one of the sources of the strength and power of the country.The author of the article, showing the changes that have taken place in the interaction between the state authorities and the media during three centuries of Russian history, expresses the idea of the inevitability of the active presence and control of the government institutions of the communicative and information field of the country, being an important factor ensuring the development of Russia, which conducts an independent external and internal policy and protects not only its national interests, but also the interests of a number of other countries. ; For a long time the activities of mass media in Russia have been largely determined, and are still being determined now, by the state authorities. The state controls the activities of the information impact subjects, considering information resources, on an equal basis with other resources, to be important links that connect the multinational people into a single unity, and to remain one of the sources of the strength and power of the country.The author of the article, showing the changes that have taken place in the interaction between the state authorities and the media during three centuries of Russian history, expresses the idea of the inevitability of the active presence and control of the government institutions of the communicative and information field of the country, being an important factor ensuring the development of Russia, which conducts an independent external and internal policy and protects not only its national interests, but also the interests of a number of other countries.

The article describes the main stages of shipbuilding management system in Russia. It has been shown that the formation of the modern state corporations can become a bud for forming comprehensive ministries with centralized control. Management in shipbuilding and shiprepairing industries has in always been centralized in Russia. Most state shipbuilding and related plants were constructed in 1860s. The Russian government were creating all infrastructural industries for this purpose. Since 1856 a person in the rank of General-Admiral was at the head of the Russian Navy and the Naval Department. He was appointed by the Emperor of the members of the imperial family. At the beginning of the XX century there were 26 state-owned and private shipyards in Russia. They built mainly warships. Almost all private factories were then taken over by the Navy Ministry. There was an intensive development of the Russian military shipbuilding during the years before the World War I. Since the beginning of the XX century, the government began to actively stimulate domestic shipbuilding. Russia started acquiring foreign companies, foreign capital and importing ships from abroad. Before the Revolution of 1917, the dockyards being mainly managed by the Marine Technical Committee of the Navy Ministry. The Committee exercised technical control over shipbuilding and the supreme supervision over the work fulfilled on vessels, in ports and factories. Marine affairs management system did not changed much after the Revolution of 1917. Centralized management of the shipbuilding industry by ministries remained unchanged during the first 40 years of the Soviet Union. Only the name of the administrative machine was changed. The situation with the form of the government remained virtually unchanged in the pre-war and post-war period. Today the shipbuilding industry is controlled by the "Shipbuilding - shiprepairing Centers. Ship repairing industry may be incorporated into the control system as a natural element. Shiprepairing industry, as well as ...

While Russia's chairmanship of the Arctic Council emphasizes peaceful cooperation, the country's military buildup in the region continues. Due to climate change and great-power rivalry, the Arctic is no longer a remote and exceptional place, but part of a complex security environment. To deal with Russia in the Arctic, NATO allies need a double-sided strategy combining credible deterrence with dialogue. Regional actors like Norway are well placed to shape this approach, but the EU, including Germany, should do more.

Instrumentalization of the wartime past for political gain is the subject of this study of eleven World War II commemorations. Using a comparative, conceptually original approach, Jennifer Yoder identifies the actors who manipulate memory surrounding wartime anniversaries, such as the bombing of Dresden and ceremonies to honour fallen soldiers and fascist collaborators. The cases of memory contestation span three geographic regions, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and Russia, recognizing that each developed distinctive interpretations of the war and different patterns of memory politics.

In large and heterogenous countries, cross-regional inequality often fuels political conflict over redistributive demands. Standard economic theory holds that initial inequality in incomes across subnational regions of a country should eventually give way to convergence. However, economic liberalization in Russia and China has not produced cross-regional convergence. The paper demonstrates that interregional inequality remains high in both countries and grounds explanation for this finding in their communist institutional legacies. Their common institutional history complements country-specific explanations for the observed trends in cross-regional inequality.

This article explores the relevance of the idea of state capitalism in Russian development. It situates the idea within the framework of capitalist development which it argues is marked by global inequalities, power imbalances and economic and military competition. The Russian Revolution of October 1917 was an attempt to overthrow this system but its failure led to a highly intense form of state capitalism which lasted until 1991. The underlying continuities in the different regimes in Russia are then analysed in terms of the process of working class exploitation.

The article considers the history of Buddhism in Central Asia and in Russia. It outlines the main periods of development and special features of Buddhism in the region, its influence on the local culture. It explorers the contemporary state of the Buddhist sangha in Russia and Central Asian countries.Central Asia has played an important role in the development of Buddhism as a world religion. In I-III centuries A.D. missionaries from Central Asia carried out the sermon of the Buddhist teachings. The archeological findings illustrate the massive spread of Buddhism on the wide territories of the region which were part of the Kushan Kingdom. The second period of the flourishing of Buddhist teaching falls on the V – first part of the VIII centuries, when the geography on Buddhism in the region expanded, and it peacefully co-existed with other religions.By IX century, when the territories of the contemporary Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tadjikistan stayed under the rule of Umayyad and Abbaside Caliphate, Islam eventually ousted Buddhism from these lands.The third period of rise of Buddhism in the region started with the appearance of Dzungars who aspired to take hold of the lands of Kazahstan. From 1690 to 1760 Central Asian region had become an area of struggle for the hegemony between the Buddhist Dzungarian khanate and China. The Dzungars promoted the spread of Buddhism in the Eastern part of Kazahstan and Northern part of Eastern Turkestan. The entry of Western Turkestan into the Russian Empire put an end to external threats and internal feudal strife. It gave the start to the process of consolidation of the Central Asian nations, which recognized their belonging to Muslim Ummah. In the absence of Dzungar and Chinese factors the influence of Buddhism in the region almost stopped.By the end of the XX century with the renaissance of religiosity on the post-Soviet space the interest to Buddhism slightly raised. However, at the present moment the number of the Buddhists in the region is insignificant. Among the followers of Buddhism the main place is taken by the Korean diaspora, residing in Central Asia since 1937. There also exist some single neo-Buddhist communities in the region.Buddhism made its contribution to the development of the unique socio-cultural identity of Russia as Eurasian by it's nature. Buryatia, Kalmykia, Tuva, as well as several parts of Altai, Irkutsk and Chita regions represent historical areas of the spread of Buddhist teaching. At the present moment the Russian Buddhist sangha contains of the major independent centers in Buryatia, Kalmykia, Tuva, Moscow and St.Petersburg.Buddhism plays and important part in socio-cultural space of Russia, gradually moving far beyond the borders of the regions of its traditional location. Popularity of the Buddhist philosophy derives from the range of grounds, among which are the closeness of some of its principles to contemporary scientific ideas, first of all to cognitive sciences, as well as openness to dialogue with other cultural and religious traditions, humanism, ethics of non-violence and ideas of common responsibility.

Russia's invasion of Ukraine has shifted NATO's attention to its eastern flank and raised the importance of collective defence. However, the transatlantic alliance has spent long years to build up its reputation as a security provider in the Middle East as well, in the southern strategic direction. The current paper analyses the state of NATO's efforts on the southern flank, using its partnership with Israel as a case study. It argues that, in the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, robust NATO cooperation in the South, having Israel as a key pillar, is more important than ever, even though it is a low priority on NATO's agenda in 2023 because of the ongoing war.