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Natürlicher Verlauf von problematischem Glücksspiel: Ergebnisse einer Allgemeinbevölkerungsstudie Fragestellung: Die Studie untersucht Gründe für eine Verhaltensänderung in einer Stichprobe früherer problematischer Glücksspieler. </p><p> Methodik: In Ontario, Kanada, wurde an einer Zufallsstichprobe von 8.467 Erwachsenen eine telefonische Erhebung durchgeführt. Von den 450 Teilnehmern, die früher, nicht aber in den letzten 12 Monaten glücksspielbezogene Probleme hatten (n=450) wurden 130 Personen identifiziert, die sich an eine Zeitspanne erinnern konnten, in der sie mehr gespielt haben als aktuell und damals keine Therapie oder eine Selbsthilfegruppe in Anspruch genommen haben. Sie wurden nach den Gründen für das Aufhören oder weniger Spielen und zu ihren Ausstiegsstrategien befragt. </p><p> Ergebnisse: Häufige Gründe waren Veränderungen im Leben durch Reifung (Umzug, Arbeitsplatz, Heirat) oder eine kognitive Neubewertung des Spielens. Spieler mit schwereren Problemen nannten häufiger Änderungsgründe, die mit negativen Konsequenzen des Spielens zusammen hingen. </p><p> Schlussfolgerungen: Viele Menschen »driften« aus ihrem problematischen Spielen durch andere Veränderungen in ihrem Leben heraus. Forschung zum natürlichen Verlauf anhand repräsentativer Stichproben ist bedeutsam, da sie erlaubt, Gründe der Reifung und des Herauswachsens als zentral für die Überwindung von Glücksspielproblemen in vielen Fällen zu erkennen.

Editors: Vol. 1-5, C. B. Brown; v. 6-7, R. Walsh ; Mode of access: Internet. ; UCLA Library - CDL shared resource. ; UPD

The History of the Confederate General Hospital Located at Farmville, VA 1862-65 was published by the Farmville Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC) on April 7, 1916 by the Martin Printing Company in Farmville. The information found within the fifteen-page book was provided from an 1897 letter addressed to the UDC from James L. White, M. D., who was a surgeon stationed at the hospital during the American Civil War and a citizen of Farmville until his death in 1909. White gives an overview regarding his personal history during the war, others involved with the hospital and its structure, the days leading up to the surrender at Appomattox, Union occupation, the Confederate Cemetery, and the intentions by the UDC to commemorate Confederate soldiers.

Um der gestiegenen wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung des Landes gerecht zu werden, beschloss der Nationale Volkskongress der Volksrepublik China, bis 2020 ein marktwirtschaftlich orientiertes Zivilgesetzbuch zu schaffen. Erster Schritt war der Erlass der General Rules of Civil Law im März 2017, eines neuen Allgemeinen Teils für das Zivilrecht. Im Rahmen einer Tagung der Forschungsstelle für chinesisches Recht an der Universität Augsburg diskutierten chinesische und deutsche Rechtswissenschaftler im Juli 2017 Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der Rechtsordnungen sowie deren gesellschaftliche und politischen Hintergründe. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wurde auf die Teilbereiche Allgemeine Rechtsprinzipien, natürliche und juristische Personen, Recht der Willenserklärungen und das Haftungsrecht gelegt. Die Ergebnisse präsentiert der nun vorliegende Tagungsband. Er konzentriert sich auf verschiedene Teilbereiche der Reform und stellt diese aus chinesischer und bisweilen auch aus deutscher Perspektive dar. Außerdem enthält der Band den originalen chinesischen Gesetzestext der General Rules of Civil Law, sowie eine synoptisch dazu dargestellte englisch- und deutschsprachige Übersetzung des Gesetzestextes.Mit Beiträgen vonProf. Dr. Hao Li; Prof. Dr. Thomas M.J. Möllers; Prof. Dr. Hongjie Man; Prof. Dr. Raphael Koch; Finn Mrugalla; Prof. Dr. Tong Zhang; Prof. Dr. Michael Kort; Dr. Tianfan Wang; Qiangzhi Hu; Prof. Dr. Guangyu Fu; Dr. Jing Jin; Dr. Jieqiong Li

The best-known episode in the early history of Britsh Trade Unionism is the dramatic rise and fall of the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union in 1833—1834. Robert Owen's sudden emergence as the leader of a mass movement reported to number a million adherents, the trial and transportation of the unfortunate 'Tolpuddle Martyrs' for the crime of administering unlawful oaths, the presentation of the 'document' demanding renunciation of Trade Union membership by masters in many parts of the country, and the complete eclipse of the Grand National within a year of its first foundation, make a story which has been told many times with effect, and does not need telling over again. But though this particular story is well-known, there is a good deal that remains obscure in Trade Union history both during this critical year and, still more, during the few previous years when the idea of an all-embracing 'General Union of Trades' was taking hold of one section after another of the British working classes.

"Professor Frank P. Varney examines Grant's relationship with three noted Civil War generals and continues his study of Grant and that his memoirs have heavily shaped how the war is remembered (and written about) today. Aided greatly by his two terms as president, by the clarity and eloquence of his memoirs, and in particular by the dramatic backdrop against which those memoirs were written, our historical memory has been influenced to a degree greater than many realize"--

The sense of belonging to a religio-centric community has cradled patriotism and nationhood in modem times. The church was not only imperium in imperio in a wide sense; it was also to some extent a manifestation of the individual, of the particular, of the geographical environment. This cradling of patriotism by the institutional church was felt even in the Near East where Islam being a theocratic blueprint allowed less scope for it, yet scholars such as Rourani have argued that it is out of the religiousumma that the sense of a secular nationhood emerged. In situations where the ecclesia and imperium are likely to be at odds, distinctions become easier and more formative. We have observed how it is wrong to conceive of the Rising of the Priests as an exclusively ecclesiastical occurrence. We emphasised the patriotic and political quality of the discourse that was being used, or indeed of the actions that were taken or contemplated from the accession of La Valette (indeed from the very arrival of the Order, which the Maltese nobility had reason to resent and to oppose), right down to the last days of the Order when Rompesch gave in the towel before entering the ring. The selection of references to 'il Popolo Maltese', to 'i Maltesi', and 'povera Malta' bring home to us how already in the early seventeenth century we had an embryonic nationalism. It was not the Jacobins who invented Mikiel Anton Vassalli's genius either for Malta as 'nazione' or for Maltese speakers as 'veri nazionali', although Vassalli's standpoint marks a note-worthy evolution in the sketching of nationality rights and self-image. Vassalli's 'patrie' was, initially at least, the French one; but as he traced his own origins and his own inner language, as it were, he found in Malteseness a virginity that badly needed awakening and testing. His patriotism thus begins to take on a Maltese tinge. The influence of an idealistic abstraction - the revolutionary vision - is never far away. In the opening paragraph to his Lexicon Melitense-Latino-Italum, published in Rome in 1796, he deliberately calls his introductory address "ALLA NAZIONE MALTESE'. The first word is a rallying cry reverberating from the squares of Paris rather than of Zebbug: "CONCITTADINI'. And, all too typically in our history, everything is in Italian - not, of course, in Maltese! ; peer-reviewed

First published in 1925, this selection of letters throws light upon the life and character of Constance Lytton (1869–1923), a brave and influential figure in the movement for women's suffrage. From an aristocratic background, she became a member of the Women's Social and Political Union in 1909, calling on the support of her many contacts. Among her achievements was the first-hand exposure of the poor treatment and force-feeding of working-class women on hunger strike in prison: she deliberately had herself arrested and imprisoned in disguise and under an alias. Compiled by her sister, Betty Balfour (1867–1942), these letters cover her adult life, mainly comprising correspondence from Lytton to close family members, interspersed with illustrations of her and her family. Despite omissions - particularly details relating to her personal relationships - this collection remains an important tribute to her life and to the history of suffrage and prison reform

Recruited straight from university, Ernest Satow (1843–1929) became one of the most respected British diplomats, particularly in Japan, where he is still remembered. After a career spent mostly in the rapidly developing Far East, he retired in 1906. Just before the outbreak of war, he was asked to compile a work on international diplomacy, and 'Satow', as it has become known, was first published in 1917, and in updated versions has not been out of print since. Satow's work was pioneering, there being at that time no comprehensive study in English of diplomacy. Volume 2 concentrates on international conferences and congresses from 1648. Lasting weeks, and sometimes months, such gatherings were often, until well into the twentieth century, the only occasion when heads of state or government met face to face. We still live today with the consequences of many of these meetings

Recruited straight from university, Ernest Satow (1843–1929) became one of the most respected British diplomats, particularly in Japan, where he is still remembered. After a career spent mostly in the rapidly developing Far East, he retired in 1906. Just before the outbreak of war, he was asked to compile a work on international diplomacy, and 'Satow', as it has become known, was first published in 1917, and in updated versions has not been out of print since. Satow's work was pioneering, there being at that time no comprehensive study in English of diplomacy. Volume 1 covers the history of international diplomacy, its practice and legal matters, and is notable for the author's clear language, and the inclusion of often whimsical anecdotes to illustrate a point in discussion. Writing at a time of enormous international upheaval, Satow provides an illuminating insight into diplomacy before the age of instant communications

Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1841–1929) was a British scholar, a prolific writer and supporter of feminist causes. After becoming the first women to gain a Certificate of Arts in Scotland, Stopes published widely on Shakespeare and social reform, receiving an award from the British Academy in 1916 for her contributions to Shakespearian literary research. This volume, now reissued from the 1907 third edition, was first published in 1894. It contains Stopes' investigation into the history of British women's legal and civic rights. Through an analysis of state papers, parliamentary records and scholarly works on legal history, Stopes provides numerous historical examples of women holding extensive constitutional and legal rights, which are arranged according to the holder's social status. This pioneering feminist history became a key text used by women's suffrage activists to justify their position. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=stopch

Hugh Edward Egerton (1855–1927) was a British barrister and colonial historian. After graduating from Corpus Christi College, Oxford in 1876 he was appointed private secretary to Edward Stanhope in 1885. His employer's promotion to Secretary of State for the Colonies in 1886 sparked a lifelong interest in colonial policy, which led to his becoming Professor of Colonial History at the University of Oxford in 1905. This volume, first published in 1897, contains Egerton's pioneering history of developments of British colonial policy. Focusing on colonial policy from 1457, Egerton explores the causes of changes in Britain's colonial policy, linking the importance of securing trade with the growth of systemic colonization and examining the rise and decline of laissez-aller attitudes in the mid nineteenth century. This volume was the first published historical survey of colonial policy, and continues to provides a comprehensive overview of developments in British colonial policy

Since early times, agriculture has been pivotal to England's economy. This is the fourth in a magisterial seven-volume, eight-piece compilation by the economist James E. Thorold Rogers (1823–90), which represents the most complete record of produce costs in England between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries. Drawing on a variety of sources including college archives and the Public Record Office, Rogers documents the fluctuating prices of commodities such as livestock, wheat, hay, wool, textiles and labour in a time of great economic change, when the growing economy of the early middle ages was shaken by famine and the Black Death, and then gradually recovered towards the Agrarian Revolution. First published in 1882, this volume discusses the period from 1401 to 1582, using the data published in Volume 3, exploring the distribution of wealth, the cost of foreign produce, weights, measures and currency, and variation in wages