Suchergebnisse

In the classical and neo-classical periods of international law, the law of the sea was chiefly concerned with the need to facilitate the movement of ships. In the post-World War II period, however, coastal states began to make juridictional claims to extensive areas of the ocean, requiring decisions on how ocean boundaries are to be established and maintained.

In the last decade of XXth century we saw the final transition from bipolarity to a much less understandable era of "multipolarism". This type of world is characterized by numerous competing, conflicting, offsetting each other staggered political vectors (multiple views). The first decade of XXI century is characterized by a number of events that were not foreseeable and anticipated within the established theories of international relations. American foreign policy's influence proved to be significantly stronger than expected by many people around the world – but also much less effective than estimated. Dramatic global economic upheavals in the first decade contrasted sharply with the conditions of the previous century. Changes, shifts and adjustments that are taking place today raise a lot of questions, especially about the intentions and capabilities of the United States.

This volume explores the long-neglected history of social rights from the Middle Ages to the present day. It situates this history within perennial struggles over obligation, while probing the relationship of social rights to questions of religion, race, gender, class, empire and globalisation.

Introduction -- 1. The theoretical framework of copyright propertization -- 2. Droit d'auteur, copyright and the historical epiphanies of propertization -- 3. The EU copyright model, or how to lose the compass in a systemic chaos -- 4. The different effects of copyright propertization: EU vs. Member States -- 5. The social function of copyright as property right -- 6. Building and harmonizing EU copyright law within the property framework: a four-dimensional experiment of systematization -- Conclusions-- Bibliography -- Index

Argues that comics have a dual role as sources on cataclysm between 1939 and 1945, enabling historians to guage awareness of the Holocaust through Quality Comics Group publications in the U.S., and through close analysis of Paroles d'Etoiles in Vichy France and Barefoot Gen in Hiroshima as testimonies of child witnesses --

A review essay on books by (1) Judith G. Coffin, The Politics of Women's Work: The Paris Garment Trades, 1750-1915 (NJ: Princeton U Press, 1996); (2) Martha Hanna, The Mobilization of Intellect: French Scholars and Writers during the Great War; & (3) Philip Nord, The Republican Moment: Struggles for a Democracy in Nineteenth Century France (Cambridge, MA: Harvard U Press, 1996 & 1995, respectively). The texts examine the importance of political culture to French social historians. Hanna's text, which principally asserts that the intellectual movement during WWI resurrected a French classical philosophical tradition, is criticized for its narrow definition of France's academic community & suggestion that the academic community's discourse on German "Kultur" had a pronounced effect on frontline French soldiers. Coffin's interpretation of the role of female laborers in the French industrial economy & historiography of the emergence of the sewing machine & its inextricable linkage to female laborers are commended; nevertheless, Coffin's problematization of female agency & subsequent disregard for female laborers' experiences are criticized. Nord's study of the development of republican culture in diverse organizations & social sectors provides an excellent resource for researchers investigating the growth of informal political cultures & exposes the underlying presence of utopianism in a republican culture that struggled against state authoritarianism. It is concluded that these texts illustrate contemporary disagreements among French social historians concerning the location of the center of political life. J. W. Parker

"The gender gap in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) varies greatly from country to country, and the number of Japanese women in these fields remains relatively few. This prompts us to ask why the proportion of female scientists in Japan is still remarkably low and what measures the government, universities and research institutes are taking to address this issue. This book sheds light on historical developments and the current gender equality situation in Japan, through the lens of women in STEM. It shows how a policy of gender equality in science and engineering has been introduced through the coordinated efforts of academia, scientific societies and the government, and how this has led to a slow but steady increase in female representation. The book draws on extensive interviews with government officials, scientists and educators in Japan to provide a revealing case study on how the underrepresentation of women in the fields of science, technology and engineering has been approached and dealt with by a national government. It heralds a new era for female scientists, by showcasing several programmes undertaken by government, universities and national research institutions to support multiple career paths for and the progression of female scientists in Japan. Tracing the historical development of Japan's policies towards women in science and education, this book will be welcomed by students and scholars interested in Japanese studies, comparative social policy, gender studies, employment and the history of science and technology"--

With reference to the peace organization of India founded by Mahatma Gandhi and its ideologies