Suchergebnisse

Official letter from Arturo M. Elías, Mexican consul in New York to Soledad González, Gen. Plutarco Elías Calles' personal secretary informing of the shipping of a translation of an article by Chester M. Wright, Editor of the International Labor News Service. Said article is entitled "Por que se permite que el mercantilismo dicte la política México-Americana" [Why is Mercantilism allowed to lead the Mexican American politics?] and it argues that every hostile attitude of the U.S. against Mexico affects the handling business with the rest of Latin America. It also argues that this political theory should take advantage to explore markets in this peaceful country rather than trying to incite an armed intervention. / Oficio de Arturo M. Elías, Cónsul de México en Nueva York a Soledad González, secretaria particular del Gral. PEC, informándole del envío de la traducción de un artículo de Chester M. Wright, Editor del International Labor News Service intitulado "Por que se permite que el mercantilismo dicte la política México-Americana", en el que sustenta que toda actitud hostil de Norteamérica hacia México repercute en el trato hacia toda América Latina y que en vez de intentar provocar una intervención armada, lo que debería aprovecharse es explotar los mercados que ofrece su territorio pacífico y hospitalario.

This article is the part of the recent emotional turn when the scholars of social science are paying more attention to the study of collective emotions in international affairs. The former dominance of the biological and essentialist paradigms in this field were replaced by a number of culture-centered approaches based on social constructivism, which were elaborated within two pioneering disciplines – anthropology of emotions and history of emotions. The influence of such a scientific revolution included the key axis of the common – unique with an emphasis on the latter. The IR has been also affected by an emotional turn when the field of constructivist emotional studies had been established in the early 2000s. The object of this work is the transnational structural common – collective emotional patterns that have recurrent nature and emerge beyond state borders. This part of reality has not been conceptualized by scholars. Therefore, the aim of the article is to fill an epistemological vacuum and outline the ways for conceptualization of transnational structural common. It is IR that seem to be the most suitable field to do this. The empirical case of the crisis response after terrorist attacks are analyzed as the example of the transnational structural common. This case is explored by the author through the framework of "emotion culture" by S. Koschut in combination with the concept of "emotives" by W. Reddy. Speeches by the leaders of Israel, the United States, Russia, India and France after six terrorist attacks from 1972 to 2015 allow to identify an integrated tripartite emotional structure, which is observed in each of the cases. This structure includes an emotive of pity; compensatory structure with the emotives of fighting fear through reciprocal determination; finally, an emotive of solidarity. This discursive structure functions in a stable way because the emotional code connects the type of event (terrorist attack) with the cultural script (tripartite structure). Finally, some approaches in sociological institutionalism would enrich future studies of emotion culture.

This report analyses recent trends in migration movements and policies in all OECD member countries and in selected non-member countries. It includes a detailed description of the flows, the different channels of immigration and the diversity of nationalities involved