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AbstractThe Durham Miners Gala is an annual event at which the associated branches of the Durham Miners Association carry their banners to a rally held in the city of Durham. The imagery displayed on those banners is representative of the class struggle to create a trade union that would represent and protect individuals and communities against the vagaries of the unbridled capitalism of the nineteenth century. In this way a tradition (and culture) was created not by social or political elites, but developed from ground level to counteract attempts to subsume them into a dominant ideology that saw them as little more than serfs.

States are increasingly accepting the idea of compulsory jurisdiction for the International Court of Justice and the Court has more cases on its docket than ever before. This book is the first monograph in English dealing with the topic in a concise and accurate manner. Chapter I deals with basic general problems, such as the notion and bases of and the decisions on the ICJ jurisdiction. Chapter II presents the question of ICJ compulsory jurisdiction based on treaty provisions. The central issue, i.e. the ICJ compulsory jurisdiction based on the optional clause, is dealt with in Chapter III. After presenting specific questions, such as the essence of declarations accepting the optional clause, the principle of reciprocity, reservations, formal conditions, etc., the author concentrates in this chapter on the characteristics of the legal system created on the basis of the optional clause

Humanitarian organisations are central actors in the mediation of humanitarian disasters as objects of public, political and moral concern. Consequently, if we want to understand this key dynamic of world politics we have to understand how aid organisations use media. But whereas extant knowledge about media and global humanitarianism focuses primarily on issues related to discourses and images of distant suffering in mass media this dissertation argues that contemporary humanitarianism is incomprehensible without a detailed understanding of the socio-technological processes of digital mediation through which the suffering of global south others is increasingly witnessed, pitied and responded to by caring publics in the global north. Offering a postphenomenological perspective supplemented by key insights from science & technology studies and critical theory, the dissertation opens up analyses of the digital mediation of global humanitarianism to questions about power at the intersection of the technological materialities of digital media and the imaginaries invested into them. Applying this framework in a detailed analysis of the use of social media, virtual reality and donation apps for humanitarian purposes, the dissertation subsequently identifies the specific and problematic ways in which the visibility of humanitarian disasters, the emotional engagement of caring publics and everyday forms of humanitarian action are shaped in and through processes of digital mediation. Based on this, the dissertation proposes the term 'the technopolitics of compassion' to emphasise the global power asymmetries that are perpetuated and compounded by the aid sector's use of digital media while keeping open the possibility of thinking about and using digital media differently.

The literature on migration has largely covered concepts of diaspora, such as transnationalism, immigration and religious-ethnic minorities. These concepts that concern related factors of social transformation, mainly with reference to Islam in Europe, have been investigated with respect to religion. Major research questions include whether, and how, Muslim communities in Europe keep self-identity and how they adapt to the environment without abandoning group identity. This article examines Muslim diaspora with its different facets in Europe, and with religion as a dynamic factor in diasporic social transformation. The study presents a delineation of this diaspora and its conflation with the issue of immigration, transnationalism and identity, and the dynamics of religious transformation within the Muslim diasporic space. Reference will be made to the theoretical framework developed by Steven Vertovec on diaspora, transnationalism and migration in its relation to religion. The article follows two major theoretical premises: (i) whether national identity and citizenship policy, as defined and regulated by political bodies, are politically charged; and (ii) the question of multiculturalism and integration in Europe in terms of the encounter between Islamic values and putatively 'secular' European values, in a time when multiculturalism has been shifted to an 'assimilative' mode of integration. ; final draft ; peerReviewed

This article elucidates the connection between anti-trans and anti-abortion political movements, looking closely at laws banning gender-affirming care in the wake of the Supreme Court's Dobbs v. Jackson decision in 2022. In particular, the article claims, "anti-abortion and anti-trans political successes are floated by a moral crisis over a fantasized, imperiled child."

Over the years, tremendous political and social turmoil has been generated in the state of Jammu and Kashmir by the forces of religious fundamentalism and by an exclusionary nationalism that seeks to erode the cultural syncretism that is part of the ethos of Kashmir. Kashmiri women are now suffering from some of the more predictable afflictions of women caught in conflict situations: psychological trauma, destitution, and acute poverty that put them at increased risk of trafficking. The ethnographic field research, which I undertook, was a method of seeking reconnection sans condescension by simultaneously belonging to and resisting the discursive community of traditional Muslim Kashmiri and Gujjar rural women. This contiguity among disparate histories engendered a historical identity formed in a hybrid space as well as a pluralistic vision of the world, not the fixity of a glorified vision of the past in terms of gender roles, societal roles, or cultural identities.

Résumé. — L'équation générale de transport pour les systèmes de Fermi normaux obtenue récemment par l'auteur (1), est étudiée dans le cadre d'un modèle faiblement couplé, dans lequel toutes les quantités qui apparaissent dans cette équation sont calculées à l'ordre λ². Le rapport entre ce résultat et la même approximation de l'équation de Landau pour des quasi-particules est analysée dans la limite d'une température nulle. On montre que la situation est entièrement analogue au cas d'équilibre : la fonction de distribution de Winger qui décrit la réponse du système à un champ extérieur peut être décomposée en une partie qui est singulière à la surface de Fermi et qui est proportionnelle à la fonction de distribution de quasi-particule, et une partie régulière qui ne contribue pas au courant électrique.

Humanity faces a perfect storm of crises yet persists in distortion of evidence and outright denial. To account for this, the author argues that the foundations of science, theories based on them, and the adoption of Darwinian competition by economists have blinded us to an evolutionary mandate to shift from our youthful, competitive global economy into mature cooperation toward a truly wise society that integrates our economy into Earth's ecology as an ecosophy. Nature shows the way, and once we see the mature side of evolution, we can recognize the promising signs of our own human evolution.

Colombia has been in an internal multifaceted interstate conflict of multiple actors since 1964. Several efforts for peace have been made over the years. In 2016, after a four-year peace process, a Peace Agreement was signed between the government and the largest guerrilla group FARC. The goal of the agreement is to end the armed conflict and to build sustainable peace including the whole society. The peace process that led to the agreement has been talked about as one of the most inclusive in history, because of the width of inclusion of social groups. This study focuses on one of the Colombian social groups, protestant Christian groups that experience conflict-bound persecution. The aim of this pro gradu -thesis is to study the inclusivity of the process through the experiences of persecuted Christian groups to find out whether they have been meaningfully included in the peace process, whether the Peace Agreement has changed the suffering they face and what the level of inclusion of persecuted Christian groups indicates about the quality of the peace process. The theoretical background of this study is in legitimacy-focused peacebuilding, focusing especially on meaningful inclusivity and the role of religion in peacebuilding. The research was implemented through seven in-depth responsive qualitative interviews to leaders of persecuted Christian groups in Colombia. The interview material was analyzed through data analysis. The findings of this research, based on the experiences of the interviewees, indicate that the persecuted Christian groups have not been meaningfully included in the peace process and that the conflict-bound suffering that they face has not relevantly changed. The evaluative conclusion is that the lack of inclusion of this social group indicates deficiency in the quality of the peace process and can further explain results of peace development in Colombia.

The functioning of modern societies increasingly depends on secure cyberspace. Given states' lacking capacities to protect this novel domain, governments draw on a variety of third parties for support. Yet, they face a challenge. While imposed control may limit third parties' competence, the abandonment of hierarchical control contradicts the widespread notion of national security. How do states navigate between these functional and national security imperatives to design governance arrangements? We develop a typology that combines cybersecurity problems (risks vs. threats) with governance modes (delegation vs. orchestration). This helps us to explore more than 100 cybersecurity policies across 15 different states. We find one predominant pattern. Governments delegate authority but maintain elements of hierarchical control, when they respond to threatening attacks. In contrast, governments orchestrate intermediaries by soft inducements to address risks and diffuse vulnerabilities in cyberspace. This contributes to both indirect governance scholarship and the debate on cybersecurity.

The most striking feature of British colonialism in the twentieth century was the confidence it expressed in the use of science and expertise, especially when joined with the new bureaucratic capacities of the state, to develop natural and human resources of the empire. Triumph of the Expert is a history of British colonial doctrine and its contribution to the emergence of rural development and environmental policies in the late colonial and postcolonial period. Joseph Morgan Hodge examines the way that development as a framework of ideas and institutional practices emerged out of the str.