Suchergebnisse

This research briefing includes some preliminary results of a European Research Project under the title of GEITONIES, which was funded by the 7th Framework Program of the EU between 2008 and 2011. 'Geitonies' is the Greek term for neighborhood, and the multinational research team involved in this Project departed from the assumption that shared urban spaces prove vital in the creation of tolerance, mutual trust, inclusion, participation and social cohesion. In this sense, choosing the neighborhood as the main unit of analysis has allowed these researchers to explore some of the age-old sociological dilemmas related to interethnic relations and social cohesion from a new vantage point; furthermore, integration issues have also been reformulated by dealing with them from a relational perspective. The fieldwork was carried out in 18 neighborhoods of six different European cities (Lisbon, Rotterdam, Bilbao, Thessaloniki, Vienna and Warsaw). These neighborhoods served as a laboratory where one could study daily practices, representations, and interactions among the various social and ethnic groups. Adapted from the source document.

Résumé : Cet article, commandé pour un Tombeau de William Wordsworth édité par Denis Bonnecase, à paraître aux Éditions Aden, est une tentative pratique pour montrer, par une étude de cas, ce que la critique biographique revisitée apporte encore aujourd'hui à la science littéraire. Il interroge le hiatus observable, dans le cas de William Wordsworth, entre l'homme et le poète, où plus exactement entre le personnage historique et la figure littéraire construite. Cela passe par un rappel des résultats des recherches biographiques de Geoge McLean Harper et d'Émile Legouis sur la relation, plus libertine que romantique, entre William Wordsworth et Annette Vallon : entre le jeune poète enthousiaste de la Révolution française, et celle dont l'histoire se souviendrait comme « la chouanne de Blois ». L'article revient également sur les accointances et l'engagement politique de William Wordsworth avec le très conservateur William Lowther, comte de Lonsdale et successeur de Sir James, dont le père du poète avait été autrefois le régisseur.

The Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) is an innovative piece of legislation aimed at protecting the quality of all continental and coastal waters in Europe through an ecological evaluation of the ecosystems. Since it is widely acknowledged that the greater the ecological realism the greater the difficulty of its definition, we describe the different uses of benthic organisms as a tool for assessing the quality of sediment in lakes. We review the responses from single species to the community. We focus on studies in the laboratory and in the field, and we also critically consider the use of predictive models for these evaluations. Our discussion of the information collected underlines the importance of the relation between sensitivity of single species and contaminants. Moreover, the recent approach in developing mechanistic models to predict the response of natural communities seems to be particularly powerful for community ecology, and we strongly recommend more effort along these lines. ª 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

This paper aims to study liberalization from a strict judicial perspective, warning legislator of bonds and ties which deregulation must respect. The elected point of view will be the central relation in economy law between free enterprise - economic liberty, on one side, and bonds related to social utilities, on the other. Article 41 of Italian Constitution as well as article 3 paragraph 3 of European Union Treaty clearly refer to a social market economy. The analysis will examine the main liberalization experiences in net services and local public utilities, where liberalization means disappearance of administrative power and control. The deficit of effectiveness and difficulty of legislative power in achieving liberalization goals are the main common denominator in all the liberalization experiences examined. The conclusion is the axiom that liberalization is helpful for the economic growth must be reconsidered and assessed together with the conditions of a social affordable liberalization. Liberalization cannot advance without positively overcoming the social utility benefit

В сентябре 2011 г. вступил в силу Федеральный закон «О национальной платежной системе». Он устанавливает правовые и организационные основы национальной платежной системы, регулирует порядок оказания платежных услуг, в том числе осуществления перевода денежных средств с использованием электронных средств платежа. Однако в большей степени законодатель акцентирует внимание на новых средствах и способах осуществления расчетов. В связи с этим представляется необходимым уточнить природу понятия «электронные денежные средства» и других понятий, используемых в Законе, которые имеют юридическое значение для расчетных правоотношений. The passed law establishes legal and institutional framework of national payment system, regulates the order of rendering of payment services, including realization of money transfer with use of electronic means of payment. However, the legislator accents on new means and ways of realization of payments settlement. It is obviously necessary to define the nature of the «electronic money» and some other concepts used in the National Payment System Act which have legal value for account settlement relations.

This is a micro-sociolinguistic study of bilingualism in Algeria taking the speech community of Tlemcen as a case in point. The study attempts to explain how students in Tlemcen University use the French language as well as their mother tongue, Algerian Arabic, in the context of their studies. Lack of competence and problems in their mastery of French have opened a real field of investigation to approach this problematic issue in relation to many social factors. By means of a questionnaire and interviews addressed to the students, the data collected are analysed by contribution of the students' attitudes and feelings towards the French language. Also, a comparative study is established between today's students and the 'first' generation, those people who studied French during and right after French colonialism, to show the mastery level of French between the two generations. The study reveals that even if it exists side by side with Arabic in the daily speech of Algerians, French is tightly related to political, educational and social factors.

Статья посвящена такому аспекту вопроса об отношении к Л. Толстому в 1910-е годы, который не входил в поле зрения исследователей. Выявляется круг материалов, посвящённых писателю в журнале, выпускаемом эсерами (рецензии, статьи публицистические и литературно-критические), предпринимается попытка рассмотрения концептуальных суждений «заветовцев» (в контексте современной им религиознофилософской рецепции Л. Толстого), намечаются приоритеты литературно-критической методологии, восходящие к нравственно-этическим урокам писателя. ; The article is devoted to the aspect of the relation to Tolstoy in 1910-s, which was not included in the fi eld of view of researchers. There is a range of materials dedicated to L. Tolstoy in the magazine published by socialist revolutionaries (Essers) (reviews, social, political and critical essays). The author of the article makes an attempt to examine conceptual judgments of the contributors of the magazine Zavety (concerning the context of religious and philosophical reception of Tolstoy). The author of the article shows the priorities of the literary critical methodology, going back to the moral ethical lessons of the writer.

В статье проведен анализ законодательной деятельности в области регулирования земельных отношений в целом, а также правоотношений в сфере формирования и ведения государственного кадастра недвижимости в частности. Всесторонне исследован нормотворческий процесс в области кадастровых отношений. Представлена авторская методика расчета стоимости разработки и принятия нормативных правовых актов. С ее использованием рассчитана стоимость правового обеспечения формирования и ведения государственного кадастра недвижимости рассчитаны стоимости условного федерального закона, условного закона субъекта Российской Федерации и условного нормативного правового акта местного самоуправления. ; The analysis of legislative activity in the regulation of land relations in general, as well as relationships in the formation and maintenance of the state cadastre of real estate in particular. Thoroughly investigated in the rulemaking process inventory relationship. Author s method of calculating the cost of developing and adopting regulations. With its use to calculate the cost of legal support the formation and maintenance of the state cadastre of real estate calculated value of the contingent of federal law, the conditional law of the Russian Federation and the conditional legal act of local government.

Рассматривается вопрос о влиянии некоторых тенденций в мировой экономике на благосостояние человечества. Раскрыты проблемы взаимозависимости и изменчивости отношений между государством и обществом. Обосно-вана необходимость разработки коллективных мер по обеспечению продовольствием, безопасностью, конкурен-цией, чтобы правительства различных государств мира не рассматривали свои интересы в ущерб другим стра-нам. Представлены основные характеристики трансформации суверенных национальных государств за счет воз-растания скорости обмена информацией, мобильности капитала, трудовых ресурсов. ; The article deals with the question of the influence of some trends in the global economy on the welfare of mankind. The problems of interdependence and variability of relations between state and society are revealed. The article proves the necessity to develop collective measures for ensuring food, safety, competition in order to stop governments of different countries of the world to consider their interests to the detriment of other countries. The main characteristics of the sov-ereign nation-state transformations due to the increase of information exchange rate, mobility of capital and labor re-sources are presented.

Статья рассматривает роль, отведенную Ольстеру ортодоксальным республиканизмом в годы Ирландской революции (1916-22 гг.). По мнению автора, политика Дойла по отношению к Ольстеру отличалась утопизмом. В результате республиканское военное и политическое руководство Юга рассматривало Ольстер как орудие достижения собственных целей, начав с марта 1921 года политику «экспорта революции», комплекс мер по дестабилизации юнионистского режима Ольстера. Эта политика способствовала росту насилия и хаоса, от которого больше всего страдало католическое меньшинство. ; The author considers the role assigned by orthodox republicanism to Ulster during the Irish Revolution (1916-1922), and shows that Doyle's policy in relation to Ulster was notable for utopianism. As a result the Republican political and military leadership of the South considered Ulster as the tool for their own goals achievement starting the policy of revolution export in March 1921, the set of measures for Ulster unionist regime destabilizing. This policy contributed to the increase in violence and chaos, which caused sufferings mostly to Catholic minority.