Title -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Preface -- Editorial -- Sex and gender in biomedicine: promises for women and men -- Gender issues in living organ donation: medical, social, and ethical aspects -- Sex, gender, and the brain - biological determinism versus socio-cultural constructivism -- The brain between sex and gender - women and men from a neuroscientific perspective -- Sex and gender in addiction research and therapy -- Contributors
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The author insists that, within contemporary theory, common division of social contract tradition on ?Hobbesian? and ?Kantian? line of thought is entirely justified. Analyzing the theories of David Gauthier and Thomas Scanlon, he also indicates the important difference between ?moral? and ?political? dimension of the idea of social contract. Finally, he rejects recent attempts of identifying contractualism with constructivism.
Introduces a special journal issue, "The Construction and Cumulation of Knowledge in International Relations." Constructivism & positivism are brought together despite their antithetical epistemic positions to demonstrate the direction that inquiry using various assumptions has gone in terms of analyzing international relations. Contributions are reviewed as part of three broad areas: knowledge construction, knowledge cumulation, & policy applications. 17 References. J. Zendejas
RÉSUMÉ- L'œuvre de Arthur Luiz Piza résout le conflit entre deux traditions du XXe siècle : le constructivisme et l'informel. Piza développe une poétique d'équilibre entre la raison et l'émotion, entre subjectivité et objectivité. Dans le monde contemporain, marqué par la vitesse et l'avidité de la consommation, son art restaure le droit à la contemplation, bannie par les exigences de l'hypermodernité.
A triangular reconstruction of the social dynamics of violence offers a means to bridge the gap between research on the micro- and meso-level dynamics of violent interaction on the one hand, and theories of power and domination on the other. The origins of this approach are found in the phenomenological programme of social science violence research formulated by German sociologists in the 1990s (Sofsky, von Trotha, Nedelmann, and others). Reconsidering their arguments in the framework of social constructivism, this article reconstructs violence as a triangular process evolving between "performer", "target" and "observer". Disentangling the dimensions of the somatic and the social shows, however, that these are not the fixed roles of agents, but changeable modes of experiencing violence. Violent interaction uses the suffering body to stage a positional asymmetry, i.e. a distinction between strength and weakness, between above and below, which can be exploited for the production and reproduction of social order. Adapted from the source document.
Introduction / Hanne Nørreklit, Falconer Mitchell and Morten Raffnsøe-Møller -- Paradigm of pragmatic constructivism -- Actor-reality construction / Lennart Nørreklit -- Epistemology lennart nørreklit -- Decision making and performance management -- Reflective planning and decision-making / Hanne Nørreklit, Falconer Mitchell and Lars Braad Nielsen -- New product development project managers as actors : the view point of management accounting and control / Teemu Laine, Tuomas Korhonen, Petri Suomala and Emmi Tervala -- The validity of financial statement measurement / Falconer Mitchell, Hanne Nørreklit and Lennart Nørreklit -- Orcheastring strategic co-authorship / Gudrun Baldvinsdottir and Christian Heidarson -- Actor-based performance management / Mihaela Trenca and Hanne Nørreklit -- Discovering and understanding performance measurement in a context of ambiguity / Lino Cinquini, Cristina Campanale, Daniela Pianezzi and Andrea Tenucci -- Research approaches and reality constructions -- Languages games of management accounting : constructing illusions or realities / Nikolaj Kure, Hanne Nørreklit and Morten Raffnsøe-Møller -- Actor reality construction, strong structuration theory and organised crime / Lisa Jack -- A comparison of pragmatic constructivism and actor-network theory / Morten Jakobsen -- A pragmatic constructivist perspective on sensemaking in management control / Will Seal and Ruth Mattimoe -- A pragmatic constructivist approach to studying difference and change in management accounting practice
The article explores a particular case of negative transfer of the Surrealist artistic project during the early phase of the French-centred movement within the Romanian avant-garde magazines network. Dismissed as "inauthentic" or mediated for its scandalous allure, Surrealism is unsuccessful at making inroads into the Romanian avant-garde press, closely connected to International Constructivism. This process triggers a delayed, albeit impressive, response to the Surrealist aesthetic and political thought, toward the end of the 1920s, and is, initially, largely regarded as a fraught association. Arguing that artistic circulation and transmission is not always a synchronous or symmetrical process in a centre-periphery direction, the article opens an inquiry into the motivations and implications of the Romanian negative response to early Surrealism. Additionally, the article provides insights into the complex interplay between Constructivism and Surrealism in the space of the Romanian avant-garde periodicals, essential for the understanding of Central and Eastern European avant-gardes, and a new perspective on how the periphery moderates the Surrealist label and its artistic project.
There is a sense of déjà vu in the recent Indo-Pacific talk. Twenty years into the twenty-first century, after the interlude of the (US) "unipolar moment", Asia-Pacific seems to have metamorphosized into the Indo-Pacific, an even vaster expanse. But are we correct in presuming the latest regional construct? Without denying the possibility that it might turn out a useful notion, based on the experience of the Asia-Pacific idea in this article I question the current furor around the Indo-Pacific concept. I probe how the Indo-Pacific region could come into being from three different International Relations (IR) perspec-tives: realism, liberalism, and constructivism. The article is divided into five sections: in the first one I begin by recapping the origins and reach of the Asia-Pacific concept, and then I proceed to trace the origins of the more recent one, Indo-Pacific. In the three following sections I briefly review the three analytical perspectives mentioned (realism, liberalism, and constructivism) in turn, looking at how they would account for the (potential) emergence of the Indo-Pacific. The final section recapitulates and presents some concluding remarks.
Abstract. The twofold aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of resilience research with regard to climate change in the social sciences and propose a research agenda. Resilience research among social scientists is characterized by much more diversity today than a few decades ago. Different definitions and understandings of resilience appear in publications during the last 10 years. Resilience research increasingly bears the mark of social constructivism, a relative newcomer compared to the more long-standing tradition of naturalism. There are also approaches that are indebted to both "naturalism" and "constructivism", which, of course, come in many varieties. Based on our overview of recent scholarship, which is far from being exhaustive, we have identified six research avenues that arguably deserve continued attention. They combine naturalist and constructivist insights and approaches so that human agency, reflexivity, and considerations of justice and equity are incorporated into systems thinking research or supplement such research. Ultimately, we believe that the overarching challenge for future research is to ensure that resilience to climate change does not compromise sustainability and considerations of justice (including environmental, climate, and energy justice).
What is the role of religious identity in states' decisions to intervene in foreign conflicts? Existing scholarship on external interventions in armed conflict pays little attention to religion, while many studies on religion and conflict give intrinsic importance to actors' religious beliefs. In this article, we draw on insights from the comparative study of ethnic identity to explain foreign intervention decisions. Ethnic constructivism has been developed to explain domestic and group identity politics, but we demonstrate its utility for explaining state behavior in international politics. Based on the core premise of ethnic constructivism, we argue that coreligionism and coethnicity are poor predictors of states' foreign policies. Rather, states create narratives of ethnic affinity in the service of political objectives. We use archival and other primary sources to test the theory's expectations through a structured within-case comparative analysis of Iran and its response to violent conflicts in Lebanon, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan. Our findings offer robust support for our theory while providing theoretical and methodological implications for the study of "religious" and other identity-based conflicts in international politics.
AbstractWhat is the role of religious identity in states' decisions to intervene in foreign conflicts? Existing scholarship on external interventions in armed conflict pays little attention to religion, while many studies on religion and conflict give intrinsic importance to actors' religious beliefs. In this article, we draw on insights from the comparative study of ethnic identity to explain foreign intervention decisions. Ethnic constructivism has been developed to explain domestic and group identity politics, but we demonstrate its utility for explaining state behavior in international politics. Based on the core premise of ethnic constructivism, we argue that coreligionism and coethnicity are poor predictors of states' foreign policies. Rather, states create narratives of ethnic affinity in the service of political objectives. We use archival and other primary sources to test the theory's expectations through a structured within-case comparative analysis of Iran and its response to violent conflicts in Lebanon, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan. Our findings offer robust support for our theory while providing theoretical and methodological implications for the study of "religious" and other identity-based conflicts in international politics.
The annual Conference of Parties (COP) of the Framework Convention on Climate Change takes place since the establishment of the Berlin Mandate in 1995. Since then the on-going climate change negotiations have produced little progress in preventing the ultimate objective of the Framework Convention that is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Mainly responsible are three overarching conflicts, which have overshadowed all effort for an effective agreement so far. While the first and second conflict is within the developing and within the developed countries, the third conflict is between developing and developed countries. The latter conflict debates the question of how much and by whom emissions should be reduced in the future. The discipline of international relations provides two theoretical perspectives to predict the success of this year´s climate change negotiations. Whereas Realism perceives power to be the main reference for explaining international cooperation, constructivism puts the recognition of material as well as ideational factors in the centre of observation. If applied on the different negotiation parties, the realist perspective provides a far more pessimistic outlook for a successful agreement than constructivism.
