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The essay aims to challenge the position of disability within environmental analyses and activism. I explore the broad environmentally focused discourse: namely, I will refer to the sociocultural texts, ideologies and worldviews that are implicated in the accounts of the environmental crises provoked by climate change. Which subjects have a voice, and which tend to remain in the background? Should the environmental discourse be understood as "neutral", because of what is at stake on a global level? I will consider these concerns through the lens of disability. Firstly, I will explore how disability usually functions as a signpost for two issues: (I) disabled people are represented as victims of the precarious living conditions exacerbated by climate change and environmental devastation and, (II) disability is employed as a cautionary tale regarding the outcomes of environmental devastation. Secondly, I will examine a performance called "The Mermaid", by Australian artist Hanna Cormick, which addresses the intersection of disability and environmental damage. I will read Cormick's work through Donna Haraway's concept of witness, proposing an update of environmental discourses. The aim behind this new framework is to positively situate disabled people: they should play an active role in addressing toxicity, capitalist extractivism and the entangled nature between the human subject and the environment.

Abstract
Working in policing can be psychologically challenging in an environment which requires officers and staff to be self-disciplined in adhering to procedural and legal frameworks. These role demands can lead to increased mental health problems. The ability to craft one's job to personal and career needs and aspirations can reduce stress and burnout. This study aims to identify the level of job crafting and any benefit of job crafting in UK policing. Four thousand six hundred seventy-three police officers and staff completed an online survey as part of a regular psychological surveillance programme. The survey measured anxiety, depression, burnout, and traumatic stress together with a job crafting questionnaire. The results did not find any difference in mental health between officers and staff who used job crafting from those who did not. An analysis of comments provided insight into the role job crafting plays in policing. The evidence on the benefits of job crafting in terms of mental health is mixed. The study highlighted the need for job crafting to be seen in a broader context where an individual's opportunity for flexibility and autonomy is balanced with their legal and professional obligations and organizational requirements.

Abstract
Previous work has proposed various mechanisms by which the environment may affect the emergence of linguistic features. For example, dry air may cause careful control of pitch to be more effortful, and so affect the emergence of linguistic distinctions that rely on pitch such as lexical tone or vowel inventories. Criticisms of these proposals point out that there are both historical and geographic confounds that need to be controlled for. We take a causal inference approach to this problem to design the most detailed test of the theory to date. We analyse languages from the Bantu language family, using a prior geographic–phylogenetic tree of relationships to establish where and when languages were spoken. This is combined with estimates of humidity for those times and places, taken from historical climate models. We then estimate the strength of causal relationships in a causal path model, controlling for various influences of inheritance and borrowing. We find no evidence to support the previous claims that humidity affects the emergence of lexical tone. This study shows how using causal inference approaches lets us test complex causal claims about the cultural evolution of language.

Women are well-positioned to excel in populist leadership performances. Their displays of emotion appeal to gender stereotypes about female irrationality while challenging assumptions of female docility. Their expressions of gendered vulnerability and anger fuel majority victimization at supposed threats that people face from established elites, immigrants, minorities, and the ''deep state." However, populist parties have been inconsistent in supporting women's exercise of power. This paper explores how, when, and why populist groups provide women leadership opportunities and encourage them to depart from conventional gender norms. It analyzes the trajectory of Uma Bharati, who played a key role in the ascent of India's Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) when it metamorphosed from a conventional to a populist party in the early 1990s. However, Bharati's relationship with the BJP became tumultuous by 2004 and has become strained in recent years. What constellation of forces catapulted Bharati into and out of power and what does her complex trajectory tells us about the fate of subaltern women leaders in Hindu nationalist populist India? A key factor is the alignment and misalignment of her personal characteristics with India's changing political environment. (Crit Asian Stud/GIGA)

Abstract
Neighbourhood or community policing is receiving renewed attention internationally as a means of responding to a perceived legitimacy crisis in police forces globally. However, with budgets still tight in the post-Covid environment, understanding which activities are most effective and efficient in supporting confidence and legitimacy is vital. This article looks at the workings of London's community-driven ward panel system, chaired by volunteers but administered by the Metropolitan Police. It reports on a study that asked how ward panels contributed to neighbourhood policing; one of very few to explore ward panels as a community policing structure. A series of observations and interviews were carried out as part of a case study of a single London borough. The study found that ward panels contributed in a number of ways, facilitating partnership working, building connections with hard-to-reach communities, and enhancing police accessibility. Significantly, several panels had begun to develop autonomy in identifying and resolving local problems. This article discusses the potential for semi-autonomous community bodies such as ward panels to contribute to the work of community or neighbourhood policing, thereby relieving demand on forces, and weighs up the risks entailed.

AbstractThis paper develops a hybrid model with an agent-based financial accelerator framework embedded in a standard new Keynesian economy. It explores the interactions between the financial accelerator and the credit market, focusing on the effects of bankruptcy. The paper replicates credit-market relationships, modeling various credit crunch scenarios. It uncovers endogenous fluctuations and "animal spirits" in entrepreneurs' expectations, driving investment and production decisions. Notably, higher pro-cyclical leverage can have destabilizing effects in the presence of small shocks, increasing entrepreneurs' bankruptcies. The results suggest that monetary policy's effectiveness in stabilizing fluctuations depends on factors such as heterogeneity, bounded rationality, and heuristic updating mechanisms. Moderate monetary policies perform better in terms of economic growth with moderate-to-low volatility, while aggressive policies on inflation assist bounded rational agents in reducing errors in investment decisions and default rates, fostering a more stable macroeconomic environment. Increasing forecasting options introduces diversification among entrepreneurs, reducing volatility and stabilizing investments. More options mitigate investment fluctuations, acting as a counterbalance to prevailing market sentiments. Over time, individuals weakly adhering to trends or adopting contrarian approaches come to dominate the population of entrepreneurs, enhancing the overall stability of investment decisions.

According to the EU Justice Scoreboard reports, over 70% of Croatian citizens are dissatisfied with the Croatian judiciary, particularly its independence and efficiency. This paper addresses the deep-rooted challenges in the country's legal education system. Despite reform initiatives, the current system serially produces 'legal technicians' lacking values, critical thinking capacity, and active student engagement. This echoes Montesquieu's depiction of legal practitioners as 'mouths that pronounce the words of the law.' Acknowledging the pivotal role of legal education methodology in the creation of future legal practitioners and legal culture, this contribution explores how an average regular educator can support the development of students' moral reasoning and values awareness. Through predominantly analytical research methods, we critically examine whether higher education environments should incorporate value education, the feasibility of teaching values in the traditional sense, and the potential of ethical analysis in a classroom to truly influence ethical behaviour in practice. Furthermore, we explore the complex matter of authority to decide on values to be imparted and delve into value education methodology. Concluding with practical suggestions, we propose the integration of the Evocation-Realization of meaning-Reflection (ERR) framework into lectures, as well as various creative tools to enhance moral reasoning.

The term "financial technology" or "fintech" refers to a variety of creative approaches that use technology to transform how people interact with and transact with money. This paper provides a thorough examination of the crucial role that fintech start-ups have played in bringing about transformative developments in several financial services industry sectors. With a focus on the role performed by fintech firms and technologies, fintech innovations have profoundly changed the landscape of financial services. The study paper examines how inventive and cutting-edge technological innovations are altering how we manage money. It focuses on tiny, innovative enterprises that use technology to elevate and simplify financial activities like banking and investing. The integration of technology like blockchain, artificial intelligence, and mobile applications, which support efficient procedures, individualized customer experiences, and fresh pathways for financial inclusion, is explored in this paper through a multidimensional analysis. This report also demonstrates the dynamic synergy driving the industry's development by looking at the cooperative efforts of major financial institutions and fintech start-ups. In the end, this research helps us comprehend the financial services sector's changing environment and prospective futures in the aftermath of fintech advances.

Recently, addressing entrepreneurship among South African youth has gained importance due to high unemployment rates and limited job prospects. Sustainable entrepreneurship offers a solution by generating employment, driving economic growth, and reducing poverty. This article outlines the current situation for South African youth, highlighting challenges and prospects related to entrepreneurship. It explores factors, strategies, and interventions that can foster a sustainable entrepreneurial spirit, emphasising the importance of an enabling environment through supportive policies and infrastructure. The article reviews recent literature on policies promoting sustainable entrepreneurship for South African youth, employing a semi-systematic content analysis approach. It focuses on improving the well-being of unemployed youth and the hurdles in educational institutions in fostering entrepreneurship. Preliminary findings emphasise the significance of funding access, business skills development, mentorship, and networking opportunities in nurturing sustainable entrepreneurship. The outcomes stress the need for comprehensive support mechanisms and policy actions to promote and sustain youth entrepreneurship. By cultivating an ecosystem conducive to entrepreneurial endeavours, South Africa can unlock the untapped entrepreneurial potential of its youth, fostering a more inclusive and prosperous future. Empowering young individuals to create job opportunities and contribute to the economy can yield significant benefits for individuals, communities, and society.

The internet has significantly changed the new models of business-to-business and business-to-consumer interactions. As a result, e-commerce has developed rapidly worldwide, but the adoption of this technology in Fiji is very slow. Data for this study was collected by distributing the self-administered questionnaires to small business managers. The findings from this study confirm that barriers to e-commerce adoption have a negative and statistically significant impact on e-commerce expenditure and a mediated effect on the level of innovation. Expenditure on e-commerce has a positive and statistically significant impact on the adoption of e-commerce and the level of innovation. Another interesting finding emerged that expenditure on e-commerce has a statistically significant impact on the perception of the cost involved in setting up an e-commerce website. Studies on the organisational factors influencing the adoption of e-commerce are scarce in small island developing countries. Specifically, the findings from this study extend the Technology Organisation Environment (TOE) by investigating how the organisational-specific factors influence the adoption of e-commerce in Fiji. The findings from this study have implications for policymakers and practitioners.

China has launched a comprehensive low‐carbon transition strategy at the same time as the concept of just transition is receiving extensive international attention from the academic community. A just transition needs to embrace the interests of workers in the new energy industry as well as those of miners and others facing job losses in traditional industries. Accordingly, this article focuses on how programmers at a new energy vehicle company in Shanghai negotiate wages with their employers. Employers trying to curtail the salaries of programmers find fault with their biographies, qualifications, and experiences to undermine their confidence and create an incentive‐driven competitive work environment. Programmers, in turn, try to improve their bargaining power by demonstrating their professional competence, job hopping, and informally investigating conditions at employing enterprises to take advantage of the competitive relationship between them. The interests of programmers in China's new energy vehicle industry are found to differ from those of Chinese state‐owned enterprise workers and migrant workers. Although individual negotiations can improve the wage levels of specific programmers in the short run, they are not conducive to the emergence of labor solidarity. Moreover, they exacerbate income inequality among workers and fail to bring justice to workers in the new energy industry.

Flyovers have featured in critical urban planning scholarship in the Global South as fetishized symbols of modernity, often fragmenting urban environments, fracturing space, exacerbating inequalities, and embodying "worlding" aspirations of city planners. Acknowledging the role of such infrastructure as technologies of (dis)connection in increasingly enclaved cities, I seek to situate the flyover, its material form, and attendant gaps, characterized by raised ribbons of "smooth" flows, leftover spaces, and proliferation of informal practices, as important sites of encounters. As such, I take "borderland urbanism" as an impetus to think flyover geographies anew by locating the flyover as a particular place in the city that is transient, contested, and constantly re-made. Through ethnographic vignettes and interviews, I sketch out everyday urban experiences over and under a flyover in Karachi, Pakistan. I illustrate how the flyover as a spatial and temporal leap is perceived and experienced by a range of differently mobile urban dwellers, paying particular attention to how walking bodies inhabit an infrastructural landscape that heavily privileges cars and motorcycles. Furthermore, I trace how life in the interstices under the flyover is assembled through social collaboration, resisting eviction, and a politics of visibility.

Background: Jeremy Bentham introduced Utilitarianism, which is one of the normative ethical theories that impose procedures that maximize happiness and well-being for all intended individuals. Utilitarianism has been applied to the crisis of global poverty, the ethics of raising animals for food, and social welfare economics. Purpose: This study aims to apply Bentham's utilitarianism ethical theory in the triage system. Methods: In the current paper, we study the application of the concept of utilitarianism in the triage system in disasters as an example of a nursing healthcare system. Results: Utilitarianism is a practical framework for the triage system during crises and pandemics. It represents an important style of thought in modern life. Conclusion: Utilitarianism could be applied in some situations, such as pandemics and crises. However, it has some limitations related to being unable to apply some principles of human rights and social justice. Implications for Nursing: This paper underscores nurses' crucial role in navigating ethical dilemmas in the triage system, advocating for a practical framework grounded in the utilitarianism ethical theory. Nursing institutions should establish clear guidelines and provide ongoing training to equip nurses with the skills needed for effective ethical decision-making in resources care environments. Keywords: Jeremy Bentham, Utilitarianism, Triage system, Nursing, Philosophy.

The article aims to explain the importance of 5G technology in pursuing power and shaping the international competition between two superpowers: the USA and China. Accordingly, the research focus of this article is to explain how and why 5G technology is being used by China and the U.S. as a key instrument in their growing geopolitical rivalry. The study is framed within the theoretical approach of offensive realism. It is based on the primary assumption that superpowers like China and the United States tend to increase their power not only by expanding their armed forces and territorial conquests but also by using every possible opportunity to do so. The article researches two questions. What is the importance of 5G technology in the rivalry between China and the U.S.? How has the development of communication technologies influenced countries and their ability to shape the international environment? 5G technology is considered more than just the next generation of wireless connectivity, as it goes beyond traditional forms of use and addresses a new category of users. It is a structure intended to facilitate a new category of goods and services: smart cities, autonomous vehicles, automated factories, digital services, and robotization of decision-making processes.

Forest land conversion into rice fields, palm oil, and mining caused unsustainable development, deforestation, local wisdom undermining, and persistent poverty in Maluku, Eastern Indonesia. We describe, redefine, and promote the Dusung agroforestry systems. This indigenous technology of Ambon Island is sustainable, fits the local environment, and is adaptable to community resilience to manage external disruptions. We used a partial least square-structural equational model to examine associations among land property rights, plant biodiversity, productivity, livelihoods, and poverty reduction. We surveyed 139 selected heads of households from four villages through in-depth interviews, field observation, and focus group discussions. Dusung agroforestry systems (DAFs) comprise five interdependent subsystems, from the forest to the coast, driven by embedded local values to avoid excessive land and aquatic resource use. Average annual household income from DAFs was above the poverty line, but the poverty rate was high. Agriculture, fishery, and nonfarm are complementary livelihood strategies to support household income. Per the model, secure land property rights and productivity have high performance to support agricultural income and to reduce poverty. This implies that the DAFs should improve as the guardian of community resilience to maintain sustainable ecology and poverty reduction on small islands.