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IN THIS ARTICLE THE HEAD OF THE SOVIEY DELEGATION IN ' VIENNA EXAMINES THE STATE OF NEGOTIAIONS AND ARGUES IN FAVOR OF THE WARSAW PACT PROPOSALS. THE POSITION OF THE SOVIET UNION AND THE SOCIALIST COUNTRIES IS THAT, AS REDUCTION OF ARMED FORCES IS OF INTEREST TO ALL EUROPEAN STATES, ALL OF THEM AS WELL AS THE US AND CANADA SHOULD BE ABLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THEM.

EXAMINES THE MILITARY CLASH THAT OCCURRED BETWEEN SOUTH VIETNAM AND COMMUNIST CHINA IN JANUARY 1974 OVER CONTROL OF THE PARACEL ISLANDS. LOOKS AT THE REACTION TO THE INCIDENT BY THE UNITED STATES AND THE SOVIET UNION. IN PARTICULAR IS INTERESTED IN THE MOTIVATIONS OF THE CHINESE IN PARTICIPATING IN THE CONFLICT, AND WHETHER THIS REPRESENTS A NEW DIRECTION IN CHINESE FOREIGN POLICY.

The New Great Game is a geopolitical competition between regional stakeholders over energy resources in Central Asia. The author seeks to use the expected utility voting model based on Black's median voter theorem for forecasting the New Great Game in Central Asia. To judge the external validity of the voting model, the author uses data from the Correlates of War project data set, to formulate three distinct models based only on the numbers in 1992 and 1993. Capabilities and alliance data were used to develop balance of power positions and compare the outcome of 100 simulations to the actual outcome in 2000 based on Correlates of War project data. This allows us to judge whether the emergence of Russia's weak advantage as well as the continuation of the competition in the New Great Game as of 2000 could have been predicted based on what was known in 1992 and 1993. By using only one year's data to forecast the New Great Game, we are able to eliminate historical and researcher bias and judge the applicability of the model in global policy and strategic analysis. ; 2009-12-01 ; Ph.D. ; Health and Public Affairs, Other ; Doctorate ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "The health of the child is the power of the nation. April 1918. Children's Year. April 1919. UNITED STATES CHILDREN'S BUREAU AND WOMAN'S COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL OF NATIONAL DEFENSE." Dimensions: 34.75 X 24.5 ______________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class Children's Year Francis Luis Mora, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine The poster "Children's Year," painted by Francis Luis Mora in 1918, depicts a crowd of children of varying ages and social backgrounds marching up a green hill with picnic baskets as the youngest of the group waves them on. The scene in this poster mirrors scenes from many other World War I posters in which the viewer is being encouraged to join the fighting by high-ranking soldiers and beautiful women. The major difference, however, is that this poster endeavors to capture the viewer's patriotism in order to encourage them to take part in preserving the nation's youth, instead of continuing the fighting in Europe. The Children's Year campaign, sponsored by the federal government's Children's Bureau, began in April of 1918 as a way to study and overcome preventable diseases that were killing infant children and thus reduce infant mortality. It soon evolved into a myriad of small reforms and improvements to the lives of children, including the formation of child welfare organizations in many states across the country and an emphasis on the importance of play and recreation in a child's development. As a part of the campaign, President Woodrow Wilson even wrote a letter to his Secretary of Labor, in which he laid out his plans to lessen the work hours for children in the factories and to create scholarships to help pay for their schooling. Today, the Children's Bureau is part of the Department of Health and Human Services. --Carl Corlett, History, Class of 2019 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1001/thumbnail.jpg

Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "FOR EVERY FIGHTER A WOMAN WORKER. YWCA. BACK OUR SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE. UNITED WAR WORK CAMPAIGN." Dimensions: 30 X 44.25 _________________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class For Every Fighter, A Woman Worker Ernest Hamlin Baker, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Special Collections, University of Southern Maine Wartime posters in this era tended to have four main goals: to sell liberty bonds, to drum up patriotism and support for the war, to fund the Red Cross, and to support troops overseas. Ernest Baker's poster, For Every Fighter, A Woman Worker, draws on the new role women played during World War I. The United States experienced a shift in gender roles and expectations during the war; the reliance on domestic industry to aid in the war efforts overseas brought many women out of the house and in to the workforce as they were needed to fill the jobs vacated by soldiers overseas. While women's efforts to support the first global war are often overlooked, Baker's poster sheds light on some of the ways in which women were recognized for doing their patriotic duty in 1918. In the poster, a literal army of women workers, some wearing military uniforms and some carrying tools and farm implements, march under the banner of the Y.W.C.A. This poster was commissioned by the Young Women's Christian Association (Y.W.C.A.), as part of the United War Work fundraising campaign of 1918. The Y.W.C.A was the first organization to send administrative workers overseas to assist the U.S. Armed Forces during World War I. Posters like this one dealt with the new image of women and their roles in a way that contributed to the war effort without being overtly liberal in the sense of gender equality. WWI era America was a boon to the woman suffrage movement and eventually turned the tide in favor of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1919 and 1920, respectively. --Jasmine Armstrong, History and Political Science, Class of 2019 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1008/thumbnail.jpg

Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "HIS HOME OVER THERE - More Than 2000 Such Homes for Our Boys - United War Work Campaign, November 11th-18th" You may view an undamaged version at the Library of Congress: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/wwipos/item/00653324/ __________________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class His Home Over There Albert Herter, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine This poster was designed by Albert Herter (1871-1950) for the United War Work fundraising campaign, which took place from November 11th through the 18th, 1918. Born in New York in 1871, Herter had a successful career in painting and interior design, as well as illustration. He began designing WWI posters in honor of his son Everit, who served and was killed in the war in 1918. The United War Work Campaign raised funds to help provide American soldiers overseas with the necessary essentials as well as entertainment to boost their morale such as: movies, libraries, gymnasiums, and swimming pools. President Wilson organized the United War Work Campaign fundraiser to raise 170 million dollars to help fund and pay for demobilization. The fundraiser lasted for a week and included organizations such as the YMCA, the YWCA, the American Library Association, the Knights of Columbus, the Salvation Army, and the Jewish Welfare Board. The weeklong campaign raised 203 million dollars--the largest fundraiser in history at that time. Many of the posters for the campaign, including this example for the Young Men's Christian Association, depicted soldiers enjoying food, playing games, or having a roof over their heads. These images, including the one before you, where soldiers are entering a YMCA building during a cold winter evening, resonated with the American people, and made them feel as though they had to help provide for their fellow Americans overseas fighting in the war. The YMCA operated 4000 huts and tents near the front lines that provided recreation and religious services for American soldiers in their allies, as well as 26 R&R leave centers for soldiers in France. YMCA staff and volunteers also sent over hundreds of entertainers, worked with prisoners of war, supervised canteens, and served on troop trains. They became an indispensible part of the war effort. --Wyatt Disney, Psychology, Class of 2018 --Paige Marcello, English, Class of 2020 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1009/thumbnail.jpg

"One of the major international security concerns that surfaced in the post-World War II period was the emergence and evolution of international terrorism. The dominant theme in the evolution of this threat has been anti-American terrorism. No other country in the world has had its overseas interests subjected to the level, lethality, diversity, and geographic scope of international terrorist activity than the United States. This four-volume work recounts the development of this threat through 12 US presidential administrations over a 70-year period. It assesses the terrorist threat in the US and overseas and how the government has responded with counter-terrorism policies, strategies, programs, organizations, legislation, international conventions, executive orders, special operations units, and actions. The evolution of the field of terrorism in academia, think tanks, institutes, and the private sector over these 12 administrations is also chronicled"--Publisher's website

The article examines the stages of the national liberation struggle of the peoples of South- Eastern Europe against the Ottoman Empire. The Russian Empire supported the Christian population and helped the southern Slavs and the Greeks to get free from the Ottoman dependency. But Emperor Nicholas I opposed the revolution. The 1850s were marked by the strained political and economic relations between Russia, Turkey, Britain, France and other European States. The Bulgarian and the Greek bourgeoisie had moved from enlightment activity to the political one. Bulgarians, Serbs, Moldovans, Greeks joined the volunteers and defended national interests with the weapon in hands. During the Crimean war the Russian command created military units on the territory of the Danubian principalities. Volunteers fought on the Danube, in Moldavia and Wallachia, and the Crimea. They protected the borders, defended the bastions of Sevastopol. The subject of the research is the organization of volunteer groups, national and social composition of the groups. The role of volunteers was of an exclusive political significance. The number of volunteers in the ranks of Russian troops was insignificant. But the volunteers were guides of Russian policy in the Turkish lands. They represented the fighting core.