Suchergebnisse

Factors outside of healthcare services determine our health and this involves many different sectors. Health for All Policies changes the argument about inter-sectoral action, from one focusing on health and the health sector to one based on co-benefits - a 'Health for All Policies' approach. It uses the Sustainable Development Goals as the framework for identifying goals across sectors and summarizes evidence along two causal axes. One is the impact of improved health status on other SDGs, e.g. better educational and employment results. The other is the impact of health systems and policies on other sectors. The 'Health for All Policies' approach advocated in this book is thus a call to improve health to achieve goals beyond health and for the health sector itself to do better in understanding and directing its impact on the world beyond the healthcare it provides. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Scholars have long recognized that interpersonal networks play a role in mobilizing social movements. Yet, many questions remain. This Element addresses these questions by theorizing about three dimensions of ties: emotionally strong or weak, movement insider or outsider, and ingroup or cross-cleavage. The survey data on the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests show that weak and cross-cleavage ties among outsiders enabled the movement to evolve from a small provocation into a massive national mobilization. In particular, the authors find that Black people mobilized one another through social media and spurred their non-Black friends to protest by sharing their personal encounters with racism. These results depart from the established literature regarding the civil rights movement that emphasizes strong, movement-internal, and racially homogenous ties. The networks that mobilize appear to have changed in the social media era. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

We have entered an era of perverse economic growth, at the expense of social and natural capital. As the world runs further behind on the Sustainable Development Goals, managing and mitigating the looming environmental and social crises in an increasingly volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous world will be one of the biggest challenges, but also biggest commercial opportunities of our time. Building on earlier research on systemic change, using the WHAT-HOW-WHY framework, this Element presents actionable insights for the radical systemic reinvention of our 'critical systems' that satisfy human and societal needs, such as nutrition, mobility, infrastructure or health. The authors highlight ten emerging paradigms for future-fit systemic change, discuss how stakeholder mindsets can be developed, and present new skills for leaders and a pathway for companies to become drivers of collaborative transformation. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Few interventions that succeed in improving healthcare locally end up becoming spread and sustained more widely. This indicates that we need to think differently about spreading improvements in practice. Drawing on a focused review of academic and grey literature, the authors outline how spread, scale-up, and sustainability have been defined and operationalised, highlighting areas of ambiguity and contention. Following an overview of relevant frameworks and models, they focus on three specific approaches and unpack their theoretical assumptions and practical implications: the Dynamic Sustainability Framework, the 3S (structure, strategy, supports) infrastructure approach for scale-up, and the NASSS (non-adoption, abandonment, and challenges to scale-up, spread, and sustainability) framework. Key points are illustrated through empirical case narratives and the Element concludes with actionable learning for those engaged in improvement activities and for researchers. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

This Element develops a new Strategic Capabilities Framework for studying and steering complex socio-ecological systems. It is driven by the central question of what are the most essential capabilities that ought to be fostered for addressing the fundamental 21st Century environmental challenges and Earth system transformations. The author's objective is to innovate transformative ideas toward better climate and ocean governance that are of interest both to academics and policymakers in the field. Rather than investigating the design and effectiveness of institutions in governing the climate and the oceans, the authors offer an alternative approach starting from the assumption that global governance arrangements must be informed by the capabilities of the communities affected. This Element aims to offer out-of-the-box thinking about capabilities-focused and community-centered frameworks that align multi-level systems of governance with the fundamental challenges of global environmental change. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

This Element examines the process of economic development of the last 50 years or so under the neoliberal model in terms of impacts on growth, inflation, income and wealth distribution and structural change. The analysis includes a historical perspective from the 19th century to the present and combines economic analysis with a political economy approach. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Covering vast swathes of Europe, the Bell Beaker Phenomenon has enjoyed a privileged status in the history of archaeology and is often referred to as a key period in the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age partly due to the emergence of social élites. After a brief presentation of the historiography of the Bell Beaker phenomenon, this Element offers a synthetic account of the available evidence structured on a regional basis. Following the renewed interest in human mobility generated by stable isotopes and ancient DNA studies, the central thesis developed here is that the Bell Beaker Phenomenon can adequately be described as a metapopulation, a concept borrowed from population ecology. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Zu den Aufgaben des Umweltbundesamtes (⁠UBA⁠) zählt die Information der Öffentlichkeit über Umweltbelastungen, den Umweltzustand sowie über politische Ziele und Zusammenhänge der Umweltpolitik. Dabei gilt es, psychologische Erkenntnisse über Prozesse der kognitiven Informationsverarbeitung sowie der Determinanten umweltbezogenen Handelns zu beachten. In diesem Forschungsprojekt wurden theoretische, empirische sowie handlungspraktische Ansätze miteinander verbunden mit dem Ziel, eine überzeugende Umweltberichterstattung durch das UBA zu unterstützen.

Tiefgreifender Wandel ist nötig, um die globalen ökologischen und sozialen Problemlagen zu bewältigen und die 2030-Agenda für nachhaltige Entwicklung der Vereinten Nationen mit ihren 17 globalen Nachhaltigkeitszielen (SDGs) zu erreichen. Dabei kann die Entwicklung von Transformationspfaden helfen - d.h., die integrierte Beschreibung von Zielen bzw. Zielbildern, von Prozessen des Übergangs sowie von Strategie und Maßnahmenbündel zur Umsetzung der vorgesehenen Wege. Transformationspfade können den Weg nach vorne weisen, die Erreichung von abstrakten Zielen konkretisieren, operationalisieren und einer Gestaltung zugänglicher zu machen. Im ReFoPlan-Vorhaben "Analyse von Transformationspfaden für eine globale, nachhaltige Entwicklung" wurde ein Literaturscreening durchgeführt, um Transformationspfade in fünf Handlungsfeldern nachhaltiger Entwicklung zu identifizieren: nachhaltige Nahrungsmittelproduktion und Reduzierung von Nahrungsmittelverschwendung, nachhaltige Energieversorgung, nachhaltige Städte, nachhaltiger Konsum und nachhaltige Produktion sowie nachhaltige Bodenund Flächennutzung. 74 identifizierte Quellen (wissenschaftliche Studien, Assessments internationaler Gremien, zivilgesellschaftliche Konzeptpapiere etc.) wurden ausgewertet in Bezug auf folgende Fragestellungen: Welche Transformationspfade zur Erreichung ausgewählter SDGs bzw. Targets werden in den identifizierten Literaturquellen beschrieben? Welche Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede, aber auch welche Lücken zeichnen die Literatur zu den Transformationspfaden aus? Welche Herausforderungen und Handlungsbedarfe werden in der Transformationspfade-Literatur beschrieben? Was sind Forschungs- und Implementierungslücken bei der Entwicklung von Transformationspfaden? Auf Grundlage der Analyse wurde in einem zweiten Schritt Ideenskizzen ausgearbeitet, wie Transformationspfade - wissenschaftlich oder politisch - weiterentwickelt werden könnten. Analyse und Ideenskizzen wurden bei einem Fachgespräch mit Experten*Expertinnen diskutiert.

This Oxford Handbook celebrates the work of trailblazing women in the history of modern philosophy. Through thirty-one original chapters, it engages with the work of women philosophers spanning the long nineteenth century in the German tradition, and covers women's contribution to major philosophical movements, including romanticism and idealism, socialism, and Marxism, Nietzscheanism, feminism, phenomenology, and neo-Kantianism. It opens with a section on figures, offering essays focused on fifteen thinkers in this tradition, before moving on to sections of essays on movement and topics. Across the volume's chapters, essays examine women's contributions to key philosophical areas such as epistemology and metaphysics, aesthetics, ethics, social and political philosophy, ecology, education, and the philosophy of nature.

"Contested Valor is an examination of the use and status of black Marines in service during the Cold War era. It is about how these men experienced contested military integration, as well as multiple forms of institutional and social opposition, which called their humanity, manhood, and rights to full citizenship into question. Efforts to undermine their service compromised their right to be counted among the elite and sidelined their story to the fringes of Marine Corps and American history. It also explores the creation of these organizational policies designed to minimize their footprint as U.S. Marines until the social experiment of military integration faded and illustrates the discriminatory practices that further delegitimized their wartime reputation. Cameron McCoy describes the factors and pressures leading to the racial turbulence that surfaced in the Marine Corps from the end of World War II through Vietnam, and the measures taken by civilian and Marine officials to maintain and restore organizational integrity based on a foundation of white supremacy. McCoy examines the psychological effects of institutionalized racism on African American Marines during the Vietnam era and the emergence of a new generation of blacks unwilling to submit to the traditions of a Jim Crow Marine Corps. By exploring the realities American society created about black Marines, this work calls attention to the diverse ways in which these men coped within a strict prejudiced organization and found greater purpose as U.S. Marines despite an embattled image"--