Suchergebnisse

This research uses the Occupy Movement as a springboard to discuss contemporary political struggles in Canada. Drawing on the recent experiences of Occupy activists, the author discusses the limitations of non-hierarchical, consensus and prefigurative strategies within social movements. In particular, I suggest that such practices, which are meant to challenge routine social inequalities, actually tend to reproduce them. I then ask how those who are exploited within capitalism can consciously and collectively push contemporary struggle in a socialist direction. Drawing on the works of Marx and Marxist theorists, the paper examines how an understanding of class, capital and hegemony are significant to the contemporary social justice agenda. Thus, insights from the empirical experiences of the Occupy movement are used to explore the broader question of how it is possible to bring about revolutionary transformation to a world capitalist system that is in crisis.

This article analyzes situated knowledge through the lens of the author and her three field assistants. This work is written self-reflexively and is based on geographical fieldwork in Eastern Africa. It seeks to capitalize on the personal and professional relationships of the researcher and her field assistants to improve both research outcomes and working arrangements. Reflecting on episodes of failure, anxiety and misunderstanding, it disentangles the power geometry of situated knowledge and sheds light on the vital role played by the assistant/interpreter and by his/her positionality 'in the making' of cross-cultural, cross-language research. Grounded in a feminist epistemological perspective, this article shows that methodological reflexivity should engage not only the researcher or the participants but also the field assistants. This praxis is crucial to enhancing the validity of studies conducted in a cross-cultural, cross-language environment across social science.

Computer network attack as a method of warfare has been casting confusing mist upon the application of jus in bello in recent years. Observing that many states are implementing more and more aggressive cyber strategy, an examination of applicable law regulating cyber warfare becomes crucially important. This paper attempts to review the traditional norms of jus in bello and explore their defects in the context of cyber space. Accordingly, in the fist part the author provides the brief introduction of conventional jus in bello and its application in kinetic warfare. Further, the second part explains some special natures of the use of cyber tools in warfare and the third part analyzes the problems of applying the traditional jus in bello in cyber space. Last but not least, the final part gives some conclusive remarks and points out the solutions would be to initiate more international co-operation.

This study analyzed the experiences of elementary teachers who engaged in archival research with primary sources, then used their new knowledge and materials to create elementary curriculum. The teachers located and identified primary source material then determined its reliability. They placed the source and its author in the correct historical context and evaluated perspectives and biases. By engaging in this process, teachers developed a greater understanding of primary sources, a key component of historical thinking, advancing their subject content and pedagogical knowledge. The teachers developed lessons centered on primary sources rather than using them in a more superficial manner. They came to view primary sources as tools to: develop historical empathy, advance the teaching of multiple perspectives, and construct meaning. Further, they developed meaningful lessons that not only motivate their students, but also enhance their students' higher order thinking skills and ability to conduct historical research.

Монгол-Хятадын стратегийн түншлэлийн түвшний харилцаатай холбоотойгоор харилцаанд гарч буй зарчмын өөрчлөлт, эдийн засгийн салбар дахь харилцаа зэрэг нь өнөөг хүртэл шаардлагатай түвшинд хөгжиж чадаагүй. Тиймээс дотоод, гадаад шалтгаан, харилцааны шинэ хэлбэр Монголын эдийн засгийн өсөлтөнд үзүүлэх нөлөө зэрэг асуудлыг энд хөндсөн. Өгүүлэлд Монгол Улс өөрийн эдийн засгийн хөгжлийн өсөлтийг бий болгохын тулд Хятадын хүчин зүйлийг аль болохоор түлхүү, оновчтой ашиглах шаардлагатайг тэмдэглэсэн.

New circumstances in Mongolia and China relations
This article mainly raised changes occurring between Mongolia and Chinese relationship especially since the establishment of strategic partnership, the unsatisfactory development of two countries especially in terms of economic sphere, its inner and outer reasons and factors of facing failure, and positive influence of new relationship which will be beneficial to Mongolian economy. Moreover, the author emphasizes the significance of Chinese partnership for further economic development of Mongolia.

The following article will discuss the history of formal education in Barbados and will situate how this emphasis on the equal access to education between the sexes facilitated the emigration of Black Barbadian educators, most notably Black women, in the mid-20th century. This article argues that the emphasis on education was a deliberate and calculated initiative by the Barbadian Government to assist in the socio-economic advancement of its Black population up to the mid-20th century. The author has chosen this period to reflect the mass emigration of Black Barbadians to Canada prior to liberalization of the latter's immigration policies in the late 1960s and beyond. The article highlights that female and male Black Barbadian migrants capitalized on their educational background to circumvent and challenge racist international migration barriers. Moreover, the following will situate Black Barbadian educators in Canada in the 1950s and 1960s.

This article builds upon archival and oral-history research on organizational change at Procter & Gamble from 1930 to 2000, focusing on periods of transition. It examines historical narrative as a vehicle for ideological sensemaking by top managers. Our empirical analysis sheds light on continuities in the narratives they offer, through which the past emerges as a recurrent lever of strategic manoeuvres and re-orientations. This reveals that while organizational history is sometimes regarded as a strategic asset or intrinsic part of collective memory, it is also re-enacted as a shared heritage, implying responsibilities. Executives (re)interpret the past and author the future, maintaining the historical narrative while using interpellation to ensure ideological consistency over time. The interpellative power of rhetorical narrative helps to recast organizational members as participants in an ongoing drama. In this way executives claim their legitimate right to initiate and manage organizational transition.

Public understanding of humanitarian emergencies tends to focus on one story and one type of victim. Examples are manifold: amputees in Sierra Leone, victims of kidnapping in Colombia, or victims of chemical weapons in Syria. At times, the aid community, and the media in turn, seizes upon a particular injustice – landmines, female genital mutilation and child soldiers are examples from recent decades – and directs resources and attention its way. Similarly, thematic trends tend to dominate aid discourse, with funding proposals to donors replete with references to the frameworkdu jour. In a related phenomenon highlighted by author and aid worker Fiona Terry, "[w]ords are commandeered to give a new gloss to familiar themes: 'capacity building' became 'empowerment', which has now become 'resilience'". In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the conflict has been largely defined by sexual violence, and raped women are its most prominent victims.

The main purpose of this study is to examine how governmental transparency has improved in Korea. To this end, the author examines the periodic characteristics of governmental transparency while also analyzing the information that each administration in Korea has produced. Also investigated are institutional arrangements for accessing this information and the adoption of ICTs in government. It was not until the democratic transition of 1987 that the transparency of the government began to improve in Korea. The key characteristic of the transparency policy after democratization was the pursuit of the simultaneous progress of institutionalized and ICT-enabled governmental transparency. Citizens' accessibility to and the disclosure of public information were institutionalized. Furthermore, ICTs enable citizens to access such information more efficiently through nonstop operations and one-click services. In the course of establishing the institutions to improve governmental transparency, however, executive dominance and bureaucrats' resistance to governmental transparency were the major challenges.

The Slovakian political elite's attitude towards the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the years 1993‑2004
The article elaborates on Slovakia's entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It analyses both internal and external factors which impacted on the process and introduces the main political actors in the "NATO or neutrality" debate. Particular attention was paid to the domestic factors, mainly political rivalries between the People's Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) and the rest of the political scene. The author argues that the quest for NATO membership was sacrificed for the sake of current political struggle, which resulted in Bratislava's exclusion from the first group of Eastern European invitees. Therefore, the concept of neutrality and the idea of balancing between East and West were created for ad hoc reasons, rather than being a genuine geopolitical alternative formed by Slovakia's political elite.

As performance‐oriented reforms have become more commonplace in recent years, questions about the factors that drive organizational adoption and use of performance systems for internal management are of central importance. This article uses data taken from a survey of presidents at public universities to advance our understanding about the use of data and performance management strategies within public organizations. The central research question is, why do public administrators choose to employ performance management strategies? In addition, the author also explores variation in the extent to which public universities use performance management strategies for three tasks that are central to public management: (1) strategic planning, (2) evaluating employees, and (3) interacting with external stakeholders. Findings indicate that public universities often use performance data to help manage, but many of the causal factors that lead to data use vary across management functions.

Purpose
– This article aims to examine the theme of "sexuality in organizations" according to the theory of eroticism of Georges Bataille (1897-1962).


Design/methodology/approach
– The author reviewed Bataille's essays in order to identify the salient points of his analysis of eroticism, before applying them to the organizations.


Findings
– The anthropologic notions of prohibition and transgression (antagonistic yet complementary) facilitate a different view of the opposition formulated in critical management studies as between desexualization and resexualization. These notions also open up quite a number of lines of research in the analysis of the sexuality of organizations.


Research limitations/implications
– These lines of research call for further work particularly in the basic ground work.


Originality/value
– Georges Bataille's insights have been used very rarely in organizational analysis, even those of critical stream in management. The theme of sexuality in organizations has been largely ignored by mainstream.

The paper presents an attempt to analyze the interview with Natalia within the framework of sociology of poverty and from a social exclusion perspective. The information about the origins of Natalia's interview is delineated. In the main part of the text, the author refers to the concept of the badge of ability, described by Richard Sennett and Jonathan Cobb, as a tool of social categorizing and valuing and introduces the corresponding notion of the badge of inability, ascribed to the unprivileged group members. Furthermore, the influence of both kinds of badges on the situation of Natalia's family of origin, on her life course, and self-description are indicated with some remarks on the narrator's biographical and identity work. The last part of the paper presents the narrator's understanding of the world of poverty and social exclusion, its mechanisms, and conditionings.

¿Es posible pensar en un léxico de los derechos a través de un imaginario jurídico que quiere alejarse de la herencia moderna? Este artículo se ocupa del tema de los conflictos jurídicos que proceden del pluralismo moral, en el ámbito del debate entre secularismo y postsecularismo. Partiendo de la revalorización del espacio de la política, la autora vuelve a interpretar algunas perspectivas elaboradas por la teoría general del derecho, que captan la raíz pluralista de las prácticas sociales. ; It is possible talk about rights in a legal imagination, that wants to separate itself from modern heritage? This paper discusses the legal conflicts that arise from moral pluralism in the debate on secularism and post-secularism. Moving from the revaluation of the space of politics, the author rethinks some perspectives of general theory of law, that capture the pluralistic root of social practices.

It is possible talk about rights in a legal imagination, that wants to separate itself from modern heritage? This paper discusses the legal conflicts that arise from moral pluralism in the debate on secularism and post-secularism. Moving from the revaluation of the space of politics, the author rethinks some perspectives of general theory of law, that capture the pluralistic root of social practices. ; ¿Es posible pensar en un léxico de los derechos a través de un imaginario jurídico que quiere alejarse de la herencia moderna? Este artículo se ocupa del tema de los conflictos jurídicos que proceden del pluralismo moral, en el ámbito del debate entre secularismo y postsecularismo. Partiendo de la revalorización del espacio de la política, la autora vuelve a interpretar algunas perspectivas elaboradas por la teoría general del derecho, que captan la raíz pluralista de las prácticas sociales.