Typed t.-p. supplied. ; [1] a discourse pronounced at the Capitol of the United States. 1836.--[2] To the public. [1837]--[3] Letter to Daniel Webster. 1846.--[4] Speech in reply to Mr. Benton, of Missouri . [1846]--[5] Speech on the bill providing for the prosecution of the war against Mexico. 1846.--[6] The Mexican War. [1847]--[7] Speech on the Wilmot Proviso. 1847.--[8] Letter on the war and the Wilmot Proviso. [1847]--[9] Address delivered before the New England Society of Michigan. 1849.--[10] The war with Mexico. [1848?]--[11] Remarks on the late French revolution. [1848]--[12] Diplomatic relations with Austria. [1850]--[13] Territorial governments. [1850]--[14] Remarks on the dissolution of the union, and the constitution of California. [1850]--[15] The power of Congress over the territories. [1850]--[16] Speech on the motion of Mr. Benton for the indefinite postponement of the compromise bill. [1850]--[17] Admission of California. [1850]--[18] Address delivered before the Kalamazoo County Agricultural Society. [1850?]--[19] River and harbor bill. [1851]--[20] Address delivered before the Michigan State Agricultural Society. 1851.--[21] Speech in reply to Governor Jones, of Tennessee. [1851?]--[22] Speeches in Senate of the United States, Dec'r 11 and 12, 1851. [1851]--[23] Speech on non-intervention. [1852]--[24] Remarks on the bill making a grant of public lands to Iowa to aid in constructing certain railroads. [1852]--[25] Speech on the Collins line of steamers. [1852]--[26] The North American fisheries. [1852]--[27] Speech on the construction of a canal round the falls of the Sault Ste. Marie, in the state of Michigan. [1852]--[28] Speech on rivers and harbors. [1852]--[29] Sketch of the life and public services of Gen. Lewis Cass. [1848]--[30] Life of Gen. Cass. [185-?]--[31] Jackson Democratic Association, Washington, D.C. Proceedings. [1852] ; Mode of access: Internet.
Contiene: 1. Vista en Prespectiba de Cerro Colorado, discripción de su Fortaleza, Caminos, Trochas, naturaleza del terreno y demás circunstancias remarcables. Escala indeterminada. [1817]. 24 x 22 cm. Amplia información sobre su situación, fortificación, comunicaciones, etc., con clave numérica. 2. Plano geométrico o vista de pájaro de Cerro Colorado. Escala [ca. 1:84.800]. 2 leguas [= 13,1 cm]. [1817]. 15 x 28 cm. Orientado con flecha. Relieve por sombreado. 3. Plano topográfico ó Ytenerario desde Puebla á Tehuacán y Cerro Colorado. Escala [ca. 1:752.300]. 13 leguas [= 9,6 cm]. [1817]. 15 x 25,5 cm. Relieve por sombreado. Tabla numérica ; Al verso anotado en tinta china: "Fuerte de Cerro Colorado en Nueva España", y a lápiz: "Nº 100" ; Copia Digital. Real Academia de la Historia : 2010 ; El original se conserva en el Servicio Histórico Militar. Está firmado en el "Quartel general del Exército del Sur en Puebla a 6 de enero de 1817, por el Comandante de Artillería del Exército, Manuel Varela y Ulloa" ; Donado a la RAH por su correspondiente Fernando de Gabriel y Ruiz de Apodaca (Memorias de la RAH, t. X, 1886, nº 100, p. 848) ; En la parte inferior: "Es copiado por el Ayudante mayor retirado del Regimiento Ynfantería de la Corona, D. Rafael Mª Calvo", después del 21 de enero de 1817, fecha de la rendición de los rebeldes ; Manuscrito dibujado a plumilla en tinta china, iluminado a la aguada en gris, verde, carmín y rosa. Cuadrícula de referencia a lápiz con numeración en horizontal y vertical. Leve deterioro en los bordes ; Título en cartela ovalada con sendos tallos vegetales unidos en la parte inferior por un lazo, con diferentes tipos de letras muy ornadas. En la parte superior, escudo de armas de Castilla y León. Timbre con Corona Real, banderas y casco
Escrito a varias manos ; "Tercera obra" impresa ; Tít. tomado del lomo ; Títs. de las partes tomadas del sumario en h. [1], excepto tít. de "Tercera obra" tomado de la port. propia ; Fechas aproximadas deducidas del contenido del texto ; Paginación moderna a lápiz, cada parte con paginación o foliación propia de la época ; H. [7-9], [44v], [45], [53v], [144-145], [146v] y [156v] en bl. ; "Tercera obra", "Cuarta obra" y "Quinta obra" con port. propias ; Sello en h. [1] y h. [26] de la Biblioteca de la Diputación Foral de Navarra ; Contiene: Primera [obra]: Una proclama en nombre de Cholin á luego de de [tachado] la expulsión de las tropas de Napoleón de España con su Rey Josè / [Félix Sarasa Aldareguía]. -- h. [2-9] (5 h., [3] en bl.). -- Texto firmado por "F.S.C.C.A.R.". -- Pautado por pliegue ; Segunda obra: Una alegoria sobre el Gobierno . -- h. [10-25] (16 h.). -- Pautado por pliegue ; Tercera obra: Grande imperial, y real mogiganga : obra famosa moral histórico poético política : sacada de varios archibos [sic] de la más remota antigüedad . -- Pamplona : [s.n.], 1814 (Imprenta de Longás). -- h. [26-43] (36 p.) ; Cuarta obra: Parte segunda de las mogigangas: mogiganga democratico-liberal española . -- h. [44-145] (10 h., 180 p., [2] h. en bl.). -- Tít. en port.: "Parte segunda de las mogigangas: mogiganga democratico-filosofico-liberal española: en que se manifiesta _ la cruel repulsa, y solemnes calabazas, que una vieja _ dio _ á la solicitud matrimonial de unos jobenes gallardos _ / sacala á luz el mismo autor de la Grande, imperial y real mogiganga". -- Pautado a lápiz. -- Reclamos en cada pag. ; Quinta obra: Tercera parte de las mogigangas . -- h. [146-156] (22 p.). -- Tít. en la port.: "Parte tercera de las mogigangas: mogiganga mogigangadora. O lo que es lo mismo: descubrimiento público de los secretos mgigangueros [sic] .". -- Sólo contiene: introducción, advertencia y prólogo. -- Pautado a lápiz. -- Reclamos en cada pag.
Includes bibliographical footnotes and indexes. ; t.26. Histoire de l'empire de Russie, sous Pierre-le-Grand--t.27. Annales de l'empire, depuis Charlemagne--t.28. Doutes sur l'histoire. Fragmens historiques. Lettres chinoises, indiennes & tartares. La défense de mon oncle--t.29-31. Mélanges de littérature, d'histoire et de philosophie--t.32. Élémens de la philosophie de Newton, et différens autres ouvrages de physique--t.33. Philosophie générale, metaphysique, morale, &c.--t.34-35. Politique, législation, affaires célèbres--t.36. Dialogues et entretiens philosophiques--t.37 Facéties--t.38-44. Questions sur l'Encyclopédie--t.45. Panégyriques, sermons, homélies, instructions morales--t.46-47. Théologie, histoire ecclésiastique--t.48-50. Correspondance générale--t.51. Lettres choisies. Correspondance avec d'Alembert--t.52-53. Lettres choisies du roi de Prusse et M. de Voltaire--t.54. Lettres de l'imperatrice de Russie et de M. de Voltaire--t.55. Correspondance du cardinal de Bernis et de M. de Voltaire, &c. &c. ; t.1. Eloge historique de Voltaire. La Henriade. Essai sur les guerres civiles de France. Essai sur la poésie épique--t.2-9. Théatre--t.10. La Pucelle d'Orleans. La guerre civile de Genève, ou, Les amours de Robert Covelle--t.11-12. Mélanges de poésies--t.13. Lettres mêlées de vers--t.14-15. Romans--t.16-20. Essai sur les moeurs et l'esprit des nations . [Remarques & pièces relatives a L'Essai]. Fragmens sur l'histoire. Eclaircissemens historiques à l'occasion d'un libelle . contre l'Essai / par M. Damilaville--t.21-22. Siècle de Louis XIV. Liste raisonnée des enfans de Louis XIV, &c. .--t.23. Précis du siècle de Louis XV, précédé des pièces relatives au siècle de Louis XIV--t.24. Histoire du parlement de Paris. Des mensonges imprimés, & du testament politique du cardinal de Richelieu, &c.--t.25. Histoire de Charles XII, roi de Suède-- ; Quérard, ; Mode of access: Internet.
UNPARTHEIISCHE GESCHICHTE DER IM JAHR 1754 BEKANTGEWORDENEN RELIGIONS-VERÄNDERUNG SR. JETZTREGIERENDEN HOCHFÜRSTL. DURCHL. DES HERRN LANDGRAFENS VON HESSEN-CASSEL Unpartheiische Geschichte der im Jahr 1754 bekantgewordenen Religions-Veränderung Sr. jetztregierenden hochfürstl. Durchl. des Herrn Landgrafens von Hessen-Cassel ( - ) Bezeichnung ( - ) Bezeichnung ( - ) Bezeichnung ( - ) § 1. Einleitung. ( - ) § 2. Der Erbprinz bekennt sich insgeheim zur römischen Kirche1749. ( - ) § 3. Solches wird bekant. Sept. 1754. (6) § 4. Religions-Assecurations-Acte vom 28sten Octob. 1754. (6) § 5. Reversales an das Corpus Evangelicorum d. 28. Oct. 1754. (23) § 6. Nachricht von der Graffschaft Hanau. (25) § 7. Garantie des Corporis Evangelicorum, vom 18ten Decem. 1754. (26) § 8. Nochmalige Versichrungsacte des Erbprinzen, vom 31sten Decemb. 1754. (27) § 9. Casselscher Landtags-Abschied vom 11ten Januar. 1755. (29) § 10. Formular zu dem künftigen Huldigungseid. (36) § 11. Päpstliches Circularschreiben vom 20sten Februar. 1755. (36) § 12. Unterhandlungen mit dem Hofe zu Wien. (39) § 13. Der Landgraf stirbt. Den 31sten Januar 1760. (41) § 14. Der Erbprinz trit die Regierung an. (42) § 15. Patent der Landgräfin in Hanau, vom 1sten Februar 1760. (42) § 16. Ihr Schreiben an die Generalstaaten vom 22sten April. (45) § 17. Bemühungen der Generalstaaten am französischen Hof. (46) § 18. Schreiben des Landgrafen an den Herrn Alt in London, vom 1sten May 1760. (46) § 19. Dessen Memorial in London, vom 4ten August. (49) § 20. Grosbrittannische Antwort, vom 5ten Septemb. (55) § 21. Zweites Memorial des Landgrafen, vom 3ten Octobr. (58) § 22. Schreiben des Königs von Preussen an den Landgrafen, vom 14ten Decemb. (59) § 23. Drittes Memorial des Landgrafen vom 7ten Julii 1761. (66) § 24. Schreiben des Herrn Bute an den Herrn Alt, vom 5ten Jan. 1762. (69) § 25. Schreiben des Landgrafen an den Herrn von Danop, vom 15ten Jan. 1762. (71) § 26. Und an den Herrn Alt, vom 19ten Januar 1762. (73) § 27. Engelländische Erklärung an den Landgrafen, vom 14ten Febr. (75) § 28. Gegenerklärung des Landgrafen. (76) § 29. Dessen Schreiben an den Reichsconvent, vom 26ten Merz. 1762. (78) § 30. Kurze Ausführung der Rechtsursachen. (90) § 31. Beschluß. (90) Anhang. Privat-Gedanken über des Herrn Erb-Prinzen Friedrichs von Hessen-Cassel Durchlaucht abgelegte Catholische Glaubens-Bekänntnuß und deswegen geleistete Eydes-Pflicht. ( - ) [I.] ( - ) II. Anmerkungen über vorstehende Privat-Gedanken. (93) III. Gesetz und Vernunftschlüsse über die Privat-Anmerkungen, . (107) IV. Historische Untersuchung: Ob in denen Verzichten derer Durchl. Oesterreichischen Prinzeßinnen vor dem Jahre 1719, eine Religions-Clausel enthalten sey? (179)
KURTZE, DOCH DEUTLICHE ANWEISUNG/ WORIN BEY EINER BÜRGER-COMPAGNIE EINES JEDEN OFFICIRERS FUNCTION BESTEHE; UND WIE DIESELBEN BEY ERÄUGENDEN VORFÄLLEN, SO WOHL MIT DER HAND-PIQUEN, KURTZ-GEWEHR, PIQUEN UND MUSQUETEN, SICH ZU VERHALTEN HABEN: SO VIEL ALS ERLAUBT UND MÖGLICH, NACH DEM MILITAIRISCHEN WESEN EINGERICHTET: UND ZU EINES JEDEN PARTICULIEREN NÜTZLICHEN INSTRUCTION ABGEFASSET Kurtze, doch Deutliche Anweisung/ Worin bey Einer Bürger-Compagnie Eines Jeden Officirers Function bestehe; Und wie Dieselben bey Eräugenden Vorfällen, So wohl mit der Hand-Piquen, Kurtz-Gewehr, Piquen und Musqueten, Sich zu verhalten haben: So viel als erlaubt und möglich, Nach dem Militairischen Wesen eingerichtet: Und zu Eines Jeden Particulieren nützlichen Instruction Abgefasset ( - ) Einband ( - ) Karte ( - ) Titelseite ( - ) Kapitel (1) Cap. I. Von der Function eines Capitains bey einer Bürger-Compagnie. (3) Cap. II. Worin bestehet des Lieutenants Function? (8) Caput III. Von des Fähndrichs Function. (9) Cap. IV. Von der Function des Führers, und worin Dieselbe bestehe. (10) Cap. V. Von der Function derer Webel. (11) Cap. VI. Von der Function des Capitains d'Armes. (12) Cap. VII. Von der Function derer Corporals. (12) Cap. VIII. Von der Function der so genannten Reformirten Corporals. (13) Cap. IX. Von der Gefreyten Ihrer Function. (13) Cap. X. Von der Musquetirer Ihrer Pflicht. (14) Cap. XI. Von denen Volonteurs. (15) Cap. XII. Von der Stellung einer Compagnie zum March. (15) Cap. XIII. Von dem, was bey dem Marche selbsten in Acht zu nehmen. (16) Cap. XIV. Was bey dem Auff-March zu observiren? (17) Cap. XV. Was bey dem Ab-March zu observiren. (19) Cap. XIV [i.e. XVI]. Was bey denen Runden und Patrollen zu observiren. (19) Von denen Exercitien, Welche so wohl Ober- als Unter-Officirer und Gemeine Benöthigt zu erlernen. Cap. XVII. (22) Von denen Exercitien, Und insonderheit von denen Hand-Griffen der Musquetirer, Deren Commando und Tempo. (36) Von denen Evolutionen, Mit Halben und Gebrochenen Reyhen und Gliedern. (49) Von Schliessung der Reyhen und Glieder. (55) Von Dopplirung. (59) Wie hat Eine Bürger-Compagnie Bey vorfallender Unruhe Sich zu bezeigen? (67) Wie verhalten Sie sich ferner bey Denen Feurungen? (67) Wie bezeigen Sich Bürger-Compagnien, Wann erwann In der Stadt eine Unruhe Entstehen solte? (69) Register. ( - ) Errata. ( - ) Eines Hoch-Edlen Hochweisen Raths, Dieser Käyserlichen Frayen und des Heil. Römisch. Reichs-Stadt Lübeck, Revidirte Wacht-Ordnug, ([1]) Titelseite ([1]) Kapitel (2) Von der ordentlichen Nacht-Wache für dem Rath-Hause und auff den Gassen bey Friedens-Zeiten. (2) Von der Ordentlichen Bürger-Wache für der Stadt Thoren und auff den Wällen zu Friedens-Zeiten, bey Tage und Nacht. (2) Von der Bürger-Wache zu gefährlichen Zeiten. (3) Von der Soldaten-Wacht. (13) Einband ( - ) Abschnitt ( - )
Lettres ornées, bordures, lettres d'attente et 22 vignettes gr. s. b. ; Marque typographique au colophon. ; Ex-libris ms. et gr. en taille douce par José Luis Sanchez Toda (19e s.) : Antolin Palomino. ; Ecusson ms. (f. 2 r°) : Capitaine Gonzalo de Cordoba (?). ; Ill. au fo XI, complément ms. (2 oiseaux). ; Annotations manuscrites 16e dans les marges. ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 1r Alfonso de La Torre offre son livre à Juan de Veamonte ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 3r Les maux et turpitudes du monde Miniature ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 7v La logique, instrument pour différencier le vrai du faux ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 11r La rhétorique et ses inventeurs ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 13v L'arithmétique et ses inventeurs ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 15r La géométrie et ses inventeurs ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 16r La musique et ses inventeurs ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 17r L'astrologie et la philosophie naturelle ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 19r De la raison et de l'entendement ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 21r Le mont sacré ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 22v De la raison et de la parole contre l'entendement ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 60v De la philosophie morale ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 61v De l'entendement ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 65r La leçon ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 78r De la prudence et de l'entendement ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 81v La force ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 82v La tempérence ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 86v L'éthique de l'économie et de la politique ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 90r Les causes de l'entendement et la vie politique ; Inc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 92r De la sainte foi catholique et du salut ; nc. Toulouse 133 - fol. 93v L'opinion de la raison ; Toda, José Luis Sanchez. Possesseur ; Bibliothèque municipale de Toulouse ; Vision délectable ; Vision deleytable
Keywords: intellectual property right, codification, legislation, The Civil Code ofUkraine This scientific article examines the issue of the need to create aspecial code of intellectual property in Ukraine. For a full-fledged and objective study,an analysis was made of the history of Ukrainian legislation in the field of intellectualproperty, foreign models of legal regulation of intellectual property rights, especiallyEuropean legal experience, were also investigated. The author supports the positionregarding the creation in Ukraine of the Intellectual Property Code, the analogueof which exists in Italy and France. Based on the study of Ukrainian and foreign legalsystems, the author defines the main criteria for creating an intellectual propertycode: Legal and organizational criteria are defined. The author points out the need toimplement the European legislative practice, the jurisprudence of the EuropeanCourt of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union on judicialcases in the field of intellectual property into the code. This vector of implementationwill have a positive meaning for the adaptation of the Ukrainian legislative system toEuropean democratic standards in the field of legal regulation, legal protection of intellectualproperty rights. The author pays special attention to the need to harmonizethe intellectual property code with the Civil Code of Ukraine and procedural legislationin order to level the negative legal consequences in legal practice in the field ofintellectual property; also in the IP Code shall contain the following provision or requirements,which contained universal definitions of legal concepts in the field of intellectualproperty. Based on the conducted scientific analysis, the author points outthe need for the existence of the Ukrainian code of intellectual property and speciallaws in the field of intellectual property. It follows from this that there is a need forlegal regulation of individual legal relations (objects of law) in the field of intellectualproperty law. The author points out that such a legal system corresponds to the modelof legal regulation of the field of intellectual property that exists in the EuropeanUnion. ; Ключові слова: право інтелектуальної власності, кодифікація, законодавство,Цивільний кодекс України Стаття присвячена дослідженню правових та організаційних аспектів кодифікаціїукраїнського законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. На підставі аналізуісторичного розвитку українського права інтелектуальної власності з наукових пози-цій, аналізу зарубіжних, у тому числі європейських, моделей правового регулюванняінтелектуальної власності визначено основні критерії кодифікації національногозаконодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. Вказано на доцільність запровад-ження в українську правову систему спеціального кодексу з інтелектуальної власно-сті, завданням якого буде правове регулювання означеної сфери. Посилання 1. Петрухин И. Л. Правосудие: время реформ. Москва : Наука, 1991. С. 207. 208 с. 2. Конституція України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80. 3. Про авторське право і суміжні права : Закон України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3792-12/print. 4. Про охорону прав на знаки для товарів і послуг : Закон України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3689-12/print. 5. Цивільний кодекс України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15/print. 6. Іващенок В. А. Розвиток законодавства з інтелектуальної власності в Україні у 2000-х рр. (історико-правовий аспект). Право та державне управління. 2017. № 4 (29). Том 1. С. 19–24. URL : http://www.pdu-journal.kpu.zp.ua/archive/4_2017/tom_1/6.pdf. 7. Шабалін А. В. Актуальні питання захисту права інтелектуальної власності: навчально-практичний посібник. Київ : НДІ ІВ НАПрН України. Київ : Інтерсервіс, 2020. 160 с. 8. Орлюк О. Сфера інтелектуальної власності як предмет правового регулювання: проблема конкуренції законів. Теорія і практика інтелектуальної власності. 2009. № 6 (50). С. 25–33. 9. Угода про асоціацію між Україною, з однієї сторони, та Європейським Союзом, Європейським співтовариством з атомної енергії і їхніми державами-членами. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/984_011 (дата звернення: 26.01.2021). 10. Стефанчук Р. О. До питання про кодифікацію законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. Право України. № 11/2016. С. 86–91. 11. Крижна В. Варіанти кодифікації законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. Теорія і практика інтелектуальної власності. № 1. 2010. - С. 110–114. 12. Shabalin, A.V. and all The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences. 2020. Issue 1. Pp. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087558844&origin=resultslist (Shabalin, Andrii V. The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences, 2020, (1), стр. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57217735889). 13. Тлумачний словник основних юридичних понять, визначень і термінів URL : http://pidruchniki.ws/19390825/pravo/tlumachniy_slovnik_-osnovnih_yuridichnih_ponyat_viznachen_terminiv. 14. Виборчий кодекс України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/396-20#Text; Земельний кодекс України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/card/2768-14. ================================================== 1. Petrukhyn Y. L. Pravosudye: vremia reform. Moskva : Nauka, 1991. S. 207. 208 s. 2. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80. 3. Pro avtorske pravo i sumizhni prava : Zakon Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3792-12/print. 4. Pro okhoronu prav na znaky dlia tovariv i posluh : Zakon Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3689-12/print. 5. Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15/print. 6. Ivashchenok V. A. Rozvytok zakonodavstva z intelektualnoi vlasnosti v Ukraini u 2000-kh rr. (istoryko-pravovyi aspekt). Pravo ta derzhavne upravlinnia. 2017. № 4 (29). Tom 1. S. 19–24. URL : http://www.pdu-journal.kpu.zp.ua/archive/4_2017/tom_1/6.pdf. 7. Shabalin A. V. Aktualni pytannia zakhystu prava intelektualnoi vlasnosti: navchalno-praktychnyi posibnyk. Kyiv : NDI IV NAPrN Ukrainy. Kyiv : Interservis, 2020. 160 s. 8. Orliuk O. Sfera intelektualnoi vlasnosti yak predmet pravovoho rehuliuvannia: problema konkurentsii zakoniv. Teoriia i praktyka intelektualnoi vlasnosti. 2009. № 6 (50). S. 25–33. 9. Uhoda pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu, z odniiei storony, ta Yevropeiskym Soiuzom, Yevropeiskym spivtovarystvom z atomnoi enerhii i yikhnimy derzhavamy-chlenamy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/984_011 (data zvernennia: 26.01.2021). 10. Stefanchuk R. O. Do pytannia pro kodyfikatsiiu zakonodavstva u sferi intelektualnoi vlasnosti. Pravo Ukrainy. № 11/2016. S. 86–91. 11. Kryzhna V. Varianty kodyfikatsii zakonodavstva u sferi intelektualnoi vlasnosti. Teoriia i praktyka intelektualnoi vlasnosti. № 1. 2010. S. 110–114. 12. Shabalin, A.V. and all The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences. 2020. Issue 1. Pp. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087558844&origin=resultslist (Shabalin, Andrii V. The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences, 2020, (1), str. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57217735889). 13. Tlumachnyi slovnyk osnovnykh yurydychnykh poniat, vyznachen i terminiv URL: http://pidruchniki.ws/19390825/pravo/tlumachniy_slovnik_-osnovnih_yuridichnih_ponyat_viznachen_terminiv. 14. Vyborchyi kodeks Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/396-20#Text; Zemelnyi kodeks Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/card/2768-14.
Keywords: intellectual property right, codification, legislation, The Civil Code ofUkraine This scientific article examines the issue of the need to create aspecial code of intellectual property in Ukraine. For a full-fledged and objective study,an analysis was made of the history of Ukrainian legislation in the field of intellectualproperty, foreign models of legal regulation of intellectual property rights, especiallyEuropean legal experience, were also investigated. The author supports the positionregarding the creation in Ukraine of the Intellectual Property Code, the analogueof which exists in Italy and France. Based on the study of Ukrainian and foreign legalsystems, the author defines the main criteria for creating an intellectual propertycode: Legal and organizational criteria are defined. The author points out the need toimplement the European legislative practice, the jurisprudence of the EuropeanCourt of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union on judicialcases in the field of intellectual property into the code. This vector of implementationwill have a positive meaning for the adaptation of the Ukrainian legislative system toEuropean democratic standards in the field of legal regulation, legal protection of intellectualproperty rights. The author pays special attention to the need to harmonizethe intellectual property code with the Civil Code of Ukraine and procedural legislationin order to level the negative legal consequences in legal practice in the field ofintellectual property; also in the IP Code shall contain the following provision or requirements,which contained universal definitions of legal concepts in the field of intellectualproperty. Based on the conducted scientific analysis, the author points outthe need for the existence of the Ukrainian code of intellectual property and speciallaws in the field of intellectual property. It follows from this that there is a need forlegal regulation of individual legal relations (objects of law) in the field of intellectualproperty law. The author points out that such a legal system corresponds to the modelof legal regulation of the field of intellectual property that exists in the EuropeanUnion. ; Ключові слова: право інтелектуальної власності, кодифікація, законодавство,Цивільний кодекс України Стаття присвячена дослідженню правових та організаційних аспектів кодифікаціїукраїнського законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. На підставі аналізуісторичного розвитку українського права інтелектуальної власності з наукових пози-цій, аналізу зарубіжних, у тому числі європейських, моделей правового регулюванняінтелектуальної власності визначено основні критерії кодифікації національногозаконодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. Вказано на доцільність запровад-ження в українську правову систему спеціального кодексу з інтелектуальної власно-сті, завданням якого буде правове регулювання означеної сфери. Посилання 1. Петрухин И. Л. Правосудие: время реформ. Москва : Наука, 1991. С. 207. 208 с. 2. Конституція України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80. 3. Про авторське право і суміжні права : Закон України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3792-12/print. 4. Про охорону прав на знаки для товарів і послуг : Закон України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3689-12/print. 5. Цивільний кодекс України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15/print. 6. Іващенок В. А. Розвиток законодавства з інтелектуальної власності в Україні у 2000-х рр. (історико-правовий аспект). Право та державне управління. 2017. № 4 (29). Том 1. С. 19–24. URL : http://www.pdu-journal.kpu.zp.ua/archive/4_2017/tom_1/6.pdf. 7. Шабалін А. В. Актуальні питання захисту права інтелектуальної власності: навчально-практичний посібник. Київ : НДІ ІВ НАПрН України. Київ : Інтерсервіс, 2020. 160 с. 8. Орлюк О. Сфера інтелектуальної власності як предмет правового регулювання: проблема конкуренції законів. Теорія і практика інтелектуальної власності. 2009. № 6 (50). С. 25–33. 9. Угода про асоціацію між Україною, з однієї сторони, та Європейським Союзом, Європейським співтовариством з атомної енергії і їхніми державами-членами. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/984_011 (дата звернення: 26.01.2021). 10. Стефанчук Р. О. До питання про кодифікацію законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. Право України. № 11/2016. С. 86–91. 11. Крижна В. Варіанти кодифікації законодавства у сфері інтелектуальної власності. Теорія і практика інтелектуальної власності. № 1. 2010. - С. 110–114. 12. Shabalin, A.V. and all The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences. 2020. Issue 1. Pp. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087558844&origin=resultslist (Shabalin, Andrii V. The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences, 2020, (1), стр. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57217735889). 13. Тлумачний словник основних юридичних понять, визначень і термінів URL : http://pidruchniki.ws/19390825/pravo/tlumachniy_slovnik_-osnovnih_yuridichnih_ponyat_viznachen_terminiv. 14. Виборчий кодекс України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/396-20#Text; Земельний кодекс України. Офіційний сайт Верховної Ради України. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/card/2768-14. ================================================== 1. Petrukhyn Y. L. Pravosudye: vremia reform. Moskva : Nauka, 1991. S. 207. 208 s. 2. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80. 3. Pro avtorske pravo i sumizhni prava : Zakon Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3792-12/print. 4. Pro okhoronu prav na znaky dlia tovariv i posluh : Zakon Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3689-12/print. 5. Tsyvilnyi kodeks Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15/print. 6. Ivashchenok V. A. Rozvytok zakonodavstva z intelektualnoi vlasnosti v Ukraini u 2000-kh rr. (istoryko-pravovyi aspekt). Pravo ta derzhavne upravlinnia. 2017. № 4 (29). Tom 1. S. 19–24. URL : http://www.pdu-journal.kpu.zp.ua/archive/4_2017/tom_1/6.pdf. 7. Shabalin A. V. Aktualni pytannia zakhystu prava intelektualnoi vlasnosti: navchalno-praktychnyi posibnyk. Kyiv : NDI IV NAPrN Ukrainy. Kyiv : Interservis, 2020. 160 s. 8. Orliuk O. Sfera intelektualnoi vlasnosti yak predmet pravovoho rehuliuvannia: problema konkurentsii zakoniv. Teoriia i praktyka intelektualnoi vlasnosti. 2009. № 6 (50). S. 25–33. 9. Uhoda pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu, z odniiei storony, ta Yevropeiskym Soiuzom, Yevropeiskym spivtovarystvom z atomnoi enerhii i yikhnimy derzhavamy-chlenamy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : http://zakon3.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/984_011 (data zvernennia: 26.01.2021). 10. Stefanchuk R. O. Do pytannia pro kodyfikatsiiu zakonodavstva u sferi intelektualnoi vlasnosti. Pravo Ukrainy. № 11/2016. S. 86–91. 11. Kryzhna V. Varianty kodyfikatsii zakonodavstva u sferi intelektualnoi vlasnosti. Teoriia i praktyka intelektualnoi vlasnosti. № 1. 2010. S. 110–114. 12. Shabalin, A.V. and all The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences. 2020. Issue 1. Pp. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087558844&origin=resultslist (Shabalin, Andrii V. The establishment and development of a system of protection of intellectual property rights in Europe and the USA. Asia Life Sciences, 2020, (1), str. 21-38. URL : https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57217735889). 13. Tlumachnyi slovnyk osnovnykh yurydychnykh poniat, vyznachen i terminiv URL: http://pidruchniki.ws/19390825/pravo/tlumachniy_slovnik_-osnovnih_yuridichnih_ponyat_viznachen_terminiv. 14. Vyborchyi kodeks Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/396-20#Text; Zemelnyi kodeks Ukrainy. Ofitsiinyi sait Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/card/2768-14.
The article highlights the importance of lobbying in conditions of modern Ukraine. The objective necessity of its existence in the society is shown. In conditions, when the state cannot sufficiently satisfy the interests of various social strata, layers and groups, this role is taken over by lobbying. The growth of its role in the society changes the vector pf democracy transformation form civic representation to representation of interests of social groups.The article determines that today lobbying is one of the key mechanisms of development and political decisionmaking; it is a considerable and efficient force, which influences the state authorities and institutions. The efficiency of lobbying depends on the level of its actual implementation. The article reveals that the phenomenon of lobbying is in a fact a communicative phenomenon as lobbyists and government representatives use various communicative resources. The author interprets the term of "political communication" as the process of transfer, exchange of political information, which shapes the political activity and gives it a new sense, forms public opinion and is part of political socialization of the citizens with the consideration of their needs and interests. It is emphasized that today communication plays the role of the main resource of the authorities. All the resources are influenced by communication. Any message, any information exchange implies some form of resources exchange.The author analyses various models of political communication described by H. Lasswell, M. DeFleur, J. Bordewijk, B. van Kaam, J.-M. Cotteret. Is has been determined, that of all the existing communication models, there was no model designed specifically for the analysis of communication lobbying. The presented models of political communication may describe the lobbyist contact as a process, but they all are narrowed to transfer of information, significant for political system functioning. It has been emphasized that contemporary communication theories transfer of information is crystalized into the so-called transmission model of communication. This model remains basic for the formation of understanding the nature of political communication.The study determines that in the context of the research, J.-M. Cotteret's model is the most appropriate way to determine the peculiarities of lobbying in the Ukrainian society. It most accurately corresponds to the realities of Ukraine, which is sometimes called "oligarch economy". This is a particular form of structural connection between the oligarch layer of the society and its economy (also through lobbying the economic interests of oligarchs). The specifics of the Ukrainian lobbying model lies in the fact that there is a total economic dependency of party circles, which may be seen both at the nation and local levels.It is emphasized that the key feeding source of oligarchy is parasitizing on the economic body of the state. That is why Ukrainian oligarchy received the name of "carnival-parasitizing". And, unfortunately, corruption remains the main interaction mechanism between the power and the big business.The author determines the current problems of the lobbying process in Ukraine. Firstly, the national legislation has no clear definition of such terms as "corruption" and "lobbying" as a form of interaction between the authorities and the interested party. The issue of lobby legalization still remains an important issue as well as the necessity of establishment of legal and lobbying principles to ensure the legitimacy of its functioning. It has been suggested to develop the methodology of carrying out the political and legal expert evaluation of draft projects and to adopt it in the form of a legal act. The necessity of ensuring the transparency of the lobbying process improving the order of drafting and deliberation of legislation at the plenary sessions of the Ukrainian parliament are emphasized. ; The article highlights the importance of lobbying in conditions of modern Ukraine. The objective necessity of its existence in the society is shown. In conditions, when the state cannot sufficiently satisfy the interests of various social strata, layers and groups, this role is taken over by lobbying. The growth of its role in the society changes the vector pf democracy transformation form civic representation to representation of interests of social groups.The article determines that today lobbying is one of the key mechanisms of development and political decisionmaking; it is a considerable and efficient force, which influences the state authorities and institutions. The efficiency of lobbying depends on the level of its actual implementation. The article reveals that the phenomenon of lobbying is in a fact a communicative phenomenon as lobbyists and government representatives use various communicative resources. The author interprets the term of "political communication" as the process of transfer, exchange of political information, which shapes the political activity and gives it a new sense, forms public opinion and is part of political socialization of the citizens with the consideration of their needs and interests. It is emphasized that today communication plays the role of the main resource of the authorities. All the resources are influenced by communication. Any message, any information exchange implies some form of resources exchange.The author analyses various models of political communication described by H. Lasswell, M. DeFleur, J. Bordewijk, B. van Kaam, J.-M. Cotteret. Is has been determined, that of all the existing communication models, there was no model designed specifically for the analysis of communication lobbying. The presented models of political communication may describe the lobbyist contact as a process, but they all are narrowed to transfer of information, significant for political system functioning. It has been emphasized that contemporary communication theories transfer of information is crystalized into the so-called transmission model of communication. This model remains basic for the formation of understanding the nature of political communication.The study determines that in the context of the research, J.-M. Cotteret's model is the most appropriate way to determine the peculiarities of lobbying in the Ukrainian society. It most accurately corresponds to the realities of Ukraine, which is sometimes called "oligarch economy". This is a particular form of structural connection between the oligarch layer of the society and its economy (also through lobbying the economic interests of oligarchs). The specifics of the Ukrainian lobbying model lies in the fact that there is a total economic dependency of party circles, which may be seen both at the nation and local levels.It is emphasized that the key feeding source of oligarchy is parasitizing on the economic body of the state. That is why Ukrainian oligarchy received the name of "carnival-parasitizing". And, unfortunately, corruption remains the main interaction mechanism between the power and the big business.The author determines the current problems of the lobbying process in Ukraine. Firstly, the national legislation has no clear definition of such terms as "corruption" and "lobbying" as a form of interaction between the authorities and the interested party. The issue of lobby legalization still remains an important issue as well as the necessity of establishment of legal and lobbying principles to ensure the legitimacy of its functioning. It has been suggested to develop the methodology of carrying out the political and legal expert evaluation of draft projects and to adopt it in the form of a legal act. The necessity of ensuring the transparency of the lobbying process improving the order of drafting and deliberation of legislation at the plenary sessions of the Ukrainian parliament are emphasized.
The article deals with the global-local dimension in the concept of sustainable development of society and gives a comparative analysis of sustainable development of the regions of the world and individual states, and cross-temporal comparison from the global to the local levels is carried out. The author gives a chronological sequence of formation of the concept of sustainable development of society, in which the United Nations and a number of resolutions and declarations adopted by the General Assembly since the second half of the 20th century played a major role. The article presents evolution of the concept of sustainable development from purely environmental and economic interpretations to the interpretation of sustainable development as an integrated system that encompasses environmental, economic and social indicators. Also, the article presents interpretations of the category of sustainable development from both foreign and domestic scientists. The author focuses on indices and indicators of sustainable development of society that makes it possible to measure the level of sustainability of society (societies) from global to local levels. For the global-local measurement of sustainable development, the author uses two indices: the Sustainable Society Index and the Sustainable Development Index of the regions of Ukraine. First index measures the sustainability of society at global, regional (by regions of the world) and national levels, the ranking of countries and regions of the world, as well as the dynamics of changes in sustainability of society at different levels during ten-year period are presented. The second index is used to study sustainable development of the regions of Ukraine. The article compares the level of sustainability of Ukrainian society and other countries of the world, and also shows the dynamics of changes over the last decade, which is more negative than positive, because the level of human welfare is very low and reduces year after year. The improvement of human well-being is possible, fi rst of all, after increasing the economic situation of the population and reducing the gap between rich and poor strata of society, as evidenced by practice of European states, in particular Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland and others. In these states the level of economic welfare directly affects the level of human well-being that is characterized by high positions in world rankings. Measuring techniques for studying the level and state of sustainable development are applied to global, regional, national and local levels. The article presents measurement of sustainable development of the entire world community in terms of three basic indicators (economic, environmental and social), as well as examples of measurement of world regions and individual states. Measurements of sustainable development of societies can be more localized, in Ukraine these are the administrative-territorial units of the highest level.Key words: sustainable development, concept of sustainable development, United Nations (UN), sustainable development indicator, sustainable development index, The Sustainable Society Index, The Sustainable Development Index. ; У статті розглянуто глоболокальний вимір в концепції сталого розвитку суспільства та наведено компаративний аналіз сталого розвитку регіонів світу й окремих держав, здійснено крос-темпоральне порівняння від глобального до локальних рівнів. Автор наводить хронологічну послідовність формування концепції сталого розвитку суспільства, в якій основну роль відіграла Організація Об'єднаних Націй і низка постанов та декларацій, прийнятих Генеральною Асамблеєю, починаючи з другої половини XX ст. У роботі представлена еволюція концепції сталого розвитку від суто екологічних та економічних трактувань до тлумачення сталого розвитку як комплексної системи, яка охоплює екологічний, економічний та соціальний індикатори. Також у статті наведені трактування категорії сталого розвитку як закордонних, так і вітчизняних науковців. Особливу увагу автор зосереджує на індексах та індикаторах сталого розвитку суспільства, що дає змогу виміряти рівень сталості суспільства (суспільств) від глобального до локального рівнів. Для проведення глоболокального вимірювання сталого розвитку автор використовує два індекси – «Індекс сталості суспільства» (The Sustainable Society Index) та «Індекс сталого розвитку» (Sustainable Development Index) регіонів України. За допомогою першого індексу здійснюється вимірювання сталості суспільства на глобальному, регіональному (за регіонами світу) та національному рівнях, представлений рейтинг країн та регіонів світу, а також динаміка змін сталості суспільства на різних рівнях протягом десятирічного періоду. Другий індекс використовується для дослідження сталого розвитку регіонів України та наводиться рейтинг адміністративно-територіальних одиниць вищого рівня.Ключові слова: сталий розвиток, концепція сталого розвитку суспільства, Організація Об'єднаних Націй (ООН), індикатор сталого розвитку, індекс сталого розвитку, «Індекс сталості суспільства» (Sustainable Society Index), «Індекс сталого розвитку» (Sustainable Development Index). The article deals with the global-local dimension in the concept of sustainable development of society and gives a comparative analysis of sustainable development of the regions of the world and individual states, and cross-temporal comparison from the global to the local levels is carried out. The author gives a chronological sequence of formation of the concept of sustainable development of society, in which the United Nations and a number of resolutions and declarations adopted by the General Assembly since the second half of the 20th century played a major role. The article presents evolution of the concept of sustainable development from purely environmental and economic interpretations to the interpretation of sustainable development as an integrated system that encompasses environmental, economic and social indicators. Also, the article presents interpretations of the category of sustainable development from both foreign and domestic scientists. The author focuses on indices and indicators of sustainable development of society that makes it possible to measure the level of sustainability of society (societies) from global to local levels. For the global-local measurement of sustainable development, the author uses two indices: the Sustainable Society Index and the Sustainable Development Index of the regions of Ukraine. First index measures the sustainability of society at global, regional (by regions of the world) and national levels, the ranking of countries and regions of the world, as well as the dynamics of changes in sustainability of society at different levels during ten-year period are presented. The second index is used to study sustainable development of the regions of Ukraine. The article compares the level of sustainability of Ukrainian society and other countries of the world, and also shows the dynamics of changes over the last decade, which is more negative than positive, because the level of human welfare is very low and reduces year after year. The improvement of human well-being is possible, fi rst of all, after increasing the economic situation of the population and reducing the gap between rich and poor strata of society, as evidenced by practice of European states, in particular Norway, Sweden, Finland, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland and others. In these states the level of economic welfare directly affects the level of human well-being that is characterized by high positions in world rankings. Measuring techniques for studying the level and state of sustainable development are applied to global, regional, national and local levels. The article presents measurement of sustainable development of the entire world community in terms of three basic indicators (economic, environmental and social), as well as examples of measurement of world regions and individual states. Measurements of sustainable development of societies can be more localized, in Ukraine these are the administrative-territorial units of the highest level.Key words: sustainable development, concept of sustainable development, United Nations (UN), sustainable development indicator, sustainable development index, The Sustainable Society Index, The Sustainable Development Index.
The article highlights the importance of lobbying in conditions of modern Ukraine. The objective necessity of its existence in the society is shown. In conditions, when the state cannot sufficiently satisfy the interests of various social strata, layers and groups, this role is taken over by lobbying. The growth of its role in the society changes the vector pf democracy transformation form civic representation to representation of interests of social groups.The article determines that today lobbying is one of the key mechanisms of development and political decisionmaking; it is a considerable and efficient force, which influences the state authorities and institutions. The efficiency of lobbying depends on the level of its actual implementation. The article reveals that the phenomenon of lobbying is in a fact a communicative phenomenon as lobbyists and government representatives use various communicative resources. The author interprets the term of "political communication" as the process of transfer, exchange of political information, which shapes the political activity and gives it a new sense, forms public opinion and is part of political socialization of the citizens with the consideration of their needs and interests. It is emphasized that today communication plays the role of the main resource of the authorities. All the resources are influenced by communication. Any message, any information exchange implies some form of resources exchange.The author analyses various models of political communication described by H. Lasswell, M. DeFleur, J. Bordewijk, B. van Kaam, J.-M. Cotteret. Is has been determined, that of all the existing communication models, there was no model designed specifically for the analysis of communication lobbying. The presented models of political communication may describe the lobbyist contact as a process, but they all are narrowed to transfer of information, significant for political system functioning. It has been emphasized that contemporary communication theories transfer of information is crystalized into the so-called transmission model of communication. This model remains basic for the formation of understanding the nature of political communication.The study determines that in the context of the research, J.-M. Cotteret's model is the most appropriate way to determine the peculiarities of lobbying in the Ukrainian society. It most accurately corresponds to the realities of Ukraine, which is sometimes called "oligarch economy". This is a particular form of structural connection between the oligarch layer of the society and its economy (also through lobbying the economic interests of oligarchs). The specifics of the Ukrainian lobbying model lies in the fact that there is a total economic dependency of party circles, which may be seen both at the nation and local levels.It is emphasized that the key feeding source of oligarchy is parasitizing on the economic body of the state. That is why Ukrainian oligarchy received the name of "carnival-parasitizing". And, unfortunately, corruption remains the main interaction mechanism between the power and the big business.The author determines the current problems of the lobbying process in Ukraine. Firstly, the national legislation has no clear definition of such terms as "corruption" and "lobbying" as a form of interaction between the authorities and the interested party. The issue of lobby legalization still remains an important issue as well as the necessity of establishment of legal and lobbying principles to ensure the legitimacy of its functioning. It has been suggested to develop the methodology of carrying out the political and legal expert evaluation of draft projects and to adopt it in the form of a legal act. The necessity of ensuring the transparency of the lobbying process improving the order of drafting and deliberation of legislation at the plenary sessions of the Ukrainian parliament are emphasized. ; The article highlights the importance of lobbying in conditions of modern Ukraine. The objective necessity of its existence in the society is shown. In conditions, when the state cannot sufficiently satisfy the interests of various social strata, layers and groups, this role is taken over by lobbying. The growth of its role in the society changes the vector pf democracy transformation form civic representation to representation of interests of social groups.The article determines that today lobbying is one of the key mechanisms of development and political decisionmaking; it is a considerable and efficient force, which influences the state authorities and institutions. The efficiency of lobbying depends on the level of its actual implementation. The article reveals that the phenomenon of lobbying is in a fact a communicative phenomenon as lobbyists and government representatives use various communicative resources. The author interprets the term of "political communication" as the process of transfer, exchange of political information, which shapes the political activity and gives it a new sense, forms public opinion and is part of political socialization of the citizens with the consideration of their needs and interests. It is emphasized that today communication plays the role of the main resource of the authorities. All the resources are influenced by communication. Any message, any information exchange implies some form of resources exchange.The author analyses various models of political communication described by H. Lasswell, M. DeFleur, J. Bordewijk, B. van Kaam, J.-M. Cotteret. Is has been determined, that of all the existing communication models, there was no model designed specifically for the analysis of communication lobbying. The presented models of political communication may describe the lobbyist contact as a process, but they all are narrowed to transfer of information, significant for political system functioning. It has been emphasized that contemporary communication theories transfer of information is crystalized into the so-called transmission model of communication. This model remains basic for the formation of understanding the nature of political communication.The study determines that in the context of the research, J.-M. Cotteret's model is the most appropriate way to determine the peculiarities of lobbying in the Ukrainian society. It most accurately corresponds to the realities of Ukraine, which is sometimes called "oligarch economy". This is a particular form of structural connection between the oligarch layer of the society and its economy (also through lobbying the economic interests of oligarchs). The specifics of the Ukrainian lobbying model lies in the fact that there is a total economic dependency of party circles, which may be seen both at the nation and local levels.It is emphasized that the key feeding source of oligarchy is parasitizing on the economic body of the state. That is why Ukrainian oligarchy received the name of "carnival-parasitizing". And, unfortunately, corruption remains the main interaction mechanism between the power and the big business.The author determines the current problems of the lobbying process in Ukraine. Firstly, the national legislation has no clear definition of such terms as "corruption" and "lobbying" as a form of interaction between the authorities and the interested party. The issue of lobby legalization still remains an important issue as well as the necessity of establishment of legal and lobbying principles to ensure the legitimacy of its functioning. It has been suggested to develop the methodology of carrying out the political and legal expert evaluation of draft projects and to adopt it in the form of a legal act. The necessity of ensuring the transparency of the lobbying process improving the order of drafting and deliberation of legislation at the plenary sessions of the Ukrainian parliament are emphasized.
This article analyzes Cristina Trivulzio Belgiojoso's literary turning-point by considering "Souvenirs dans l'exil" (1850) as the transitional book representing a fundamental shift in the author's writing process. Actually, this book, which is culled from a collection of letters that the writer sent while in exile to her French friend, Caroline Jaubert, reveals a hybrid writing characterized by a contamination of genres within the formal frame of private letters. In light of this internal architecture, "Souvenirs dans l'exil" can be read as the laboratory-book that manifestly shows to the reader her work-in-progress towards narrative writing. As a result of the analysis of the structure of the book, it becomes evident that, for the writer, the act of narrating itself is subjected to the colloquy with an absent reader who, before being identified with an impersonal readership, should be recognized in the addressees of her private letters. In essence, it is through her epistolary writing that the author becomes accustomed to narrating to someone who, finally, becomes the public readership. This passage from the private dimension of the letter to the public one of the narrative book, which begins with the Oriental exile, is simultaneous to the Eastern re-location of the writer and her narration of the Orient, which plays a relevant part in the literary writing of Cristina Trivulzio. Even though the financial constraints of the exile and the forced distance from political activism likely facilitated the process of the literary writing tout court, it is her encounter with the 'monde nouveau' of the Orient, here analyzed through her first impressions in "Souvenirs dans l'exil", that is most influential. Finally, the newness of this Oriental world, which the writer investigates autonomously and partially beyond the Orientalist canon, brings her to adopt a new expressive register, together with a fresh awareness of her own identity as author. ; This article analyzes Cristina Trivulzio Belgiojoso's literary turning-point by considering "Souvenirs dans l'exil" (1850) as the transitional book representing a fundamental shift in the author's writing process. Actually, this book, which is culled from a collection of letters that the writer sent while in exile to her French friend, Caroline Jaubert, reveals a hybrid writing characterized by a contamination of genres within the formal frame of private letters. In light of this internal architecture, "Souvenirs dans l'exil" can be read as the laboratory-book that manifestly shows to the reader her work-in-progress towards narrative writing. As a result of the analysis of the structure of the book, it becomes evident that, for the writer, the act of narrating itself is subjected to the colloquy with an absent reader who, before being identified with an impersonal readership, should be recognized in the addressees of her private letters. In essence, it is through her epistolary writing that the author becomes accustomed to narrating to someone who, finally, becomes the public readership. This passage from the private dimension of the letter to the public one of the narrative book, which begins with the Oriental exile, is simultaneous to the Eastern re-location of the writer and her narration of the Orient, which plays a relevant part in the literary writing of Cristina Trivulzio. Even though the financial constraints of the exile and the forced distance from political activism likely facilitated the process of the literary writing tout court, it is her encounter with the 'monde nouveau' of the Orient, here analyzed through her first impressions in "Souvenirs dans l'exil", that is most influential. Finally, the newness of this Oriental world, which the writer investigates autonomously and partially beyond the Orientalist canon, brings her to adopt a new expressive register, together with a fresh awareness of her own identity as author. ; This article analyzes Cristina Trivulzio Belgiojoso's literary turning-point by considering "Souvenirs dans l'exil" (1850) as the transitional book representing a fundamental shift in the author's writing process. Actually, this book, which is culled from a collection of letters that the writer sent while in exile to her French friend, Caroline Jaubert, reveals a hybrid writing characterized by a contamination of genres within the formal frame of private letters. In light of this internal architecture, "Souvenirs dans l'exil" can be read as the laboratory-book that manifestly shows to the reader her work-in-progress towards narrative writing. As a result of the analysis of the structure of the book, it becomes evident that, for the writer, the act of narrating itself is subjected to the colloquy with an absent reader who, before being identified with an impersonal readership, should be recognized in the addressees of her private letters. In essence, it is through her epistolary writing that the author becomes accustomed to narrating to someone who, finally, becomes the public readership. This passage from the private dimension of the letter to the public one of the narrative book, which begins with the Oriental exile, is simultaneous to the Eastern re-location of the writer and her narration of the Orient, which plays a relevant part in the literary writing of Cristina Trivulzio. Even though the financial constraints of the exile and the forced distance from political activism likely facilitated the process of the literary writing tout court, it is her encounter with the 'monde nouveau' of the Orient, here analyzed through her first impressions in "Souvenirs dans l'exil", that is most influential. Finally, the newness of this Oriental world, which the writer investigates autonomously and partially beyond the Orientalist canon, brings her to adopt a new expressive register, together with a fresh awareness of her own identity as author. ; L'articolo analizza la svolta letteraria di Cristina Trivulzio Belgiojoso individuando nei "Souvenirs dans l'exil" (1850) il testo di transito che documenta una tappa fondamentale nell'evoluzione della scrittura dell'autrice. L'opera, che nasce come una raccolta di lettere inviate dall'esilio all'amica francese Caroline Jaubert, esibisce una scrittura ibrida, contrassegnata da una commistione di generi sapientemente organizzati all'interno della cornice formale della lettera privata, e si configura come un vero e proprio testo-laboratorio che presenta manifestamente al lettore il processo 'in fieri' di avvicinamento alla scrittura narrativa. L'analisi della costruzione del libro dei "Souvenirs" mette in evidenza come per la scrittrice l'atto della narrazione sia intimamente vincolato al colloquio con un lettore assente che, prima di identificarsi con la figura impersonale del pubblico, deve essere individuato nei destinatari di elezione delle lettere private attraverso le quali l'autrice matura un'abitudine alla narrazione che solo in un secondo tempo aspira a una dimensione pubblica. Il passaggio dalla dimensione privata della lettera a quella pubblica del testo narrativo, che avviene solo all'altezza dell'esilio orientale, è concomitante con lo spostamento a est della location della scrittrice e con la narrazione dell'Oriente, alla quale la scrittura letteraria di Cristina Trivulzio è indiscutibilmente legata. Sebbene la forzata lontananza dalla scena politica e le difficoltà finanziarie correlate all'esperienza dell'esilio abbiano favorito l'adozione di una scrittura letteraria 'tout court', l'incontro con il 'monde nouveau' dell'Oriente, del quale vengono qui analizzate le prime impressioni riportate nei "Souvenirs", risulta determinante. La novità rappresentata dal mondo orientale, che la scrittrice indaga in maniera autonoma, evadendo in parte il canone orientalista, si traduce infatti sul piano della scrittura nell'assunzione di un inedito registro espressivo unitamente a una diversa consapevolezza della propria identità di autrice.
Цель. Осмыслить феномен духовности в связи с пониманием человеческой сущности как «трансценденции», свободы в условиях глобальной цививилизации. Предложить идею мировоззренческой космотеоцентрической парадигмы, основанной на принципе «метафизической ответственности» человека как «трансцендентного проекта». Указать на служебную роль человека в универсуме, исполнение которой автор считает основной духовной функцией человеческого сообщества. Показать узость антропосоциоцентрического мировоззрения, при котором человек, служа самому себе, не справляется с задачами собственного материального и духовного преуспевания. Дать анализ понятия обусловленности индивидов и ограниченности из смысловых интенций в круге целей и интересов потребительского общества. Подчеркнуть возросшее значение духовного авторитета, мудреца в современной либеральной, плюралистической культуре. Указать на деградацию гуманитарной компоненты в системе народного образования и подчеркнуть роль просвещения в развитии свободы личной интеллектуальной самодеятельности индивидов. Методология. Методологический подход к исследованию феномена духовности автор связывает с принципом экзистенциального единства разума, переживания, воли, веры как аспектов человеческого мироотношения. Такой подход учитывает не только факторы объективной детерминации тенденций и форм человеческого существования, но и включает возросшее значение ценностного, смыслового, мировоззренческого полагания в культурной и цивилизационной деятельности людей на партикулярном и универсальном уровнях. Автор исходит из убеждения о неуклонной активизации человеческой субъективности в духовном развитии общества. Воссоздавая космотеоцентрическую конструкцию вектора развития общества, автор исходил также из априорно принимаемой им очевидности особого сущностного положения человека в бытии как «проекта Трансцендентного». Научная новизна. Проблема духовности человека в истории культуры, так или иначе, является сквозной, архетипической. В современных условиях она приобретает особую остроту. От того, насколько общество овладеет, космотеоцентрическим мироотношением, зависит судьба цивилизации, а в метафизическом смысле возможность реализации человека в качестве онтологически заданного духовного существа. Размышляя о духовности, автор придает философствованию спекулятивный характер и исходит исключительно из мировоззренческих установок, поскольку, если бы он исходил из эмпирических оснований, таяли бы его вера и надежда на духовную реализацию человечества. Выводы. Переход современного общества к космотеоцентрической парадигме мировоззрения подготовлен противоречиями его технологического и культурного развития. В условиях возрастания силы сознательного влияния социума на самого себя многое в утверждении этого мировоззрения зависит от идейного направления деятельности людей в сфере культуры и ментальных качеств субъектов культурной деятельности, духовных авторитетов, философов, мудрецов. Важнейшая роль в духовном возрастании людей принадлежит и гуманитаризации образования. Самым серьезным препятствием на пути их духовной трансформации является мировоззренческий антропоцентризм. Он превращает человека в культ для самого себя, а его жизнедеятельность – в служение себе. Антропоцентризм ослабляет потенцию веры человека и его волю. Демократический плюрализм, приобретающий сейчас вид догматической идеологии, порождает феномен смысловой растерянности индивидов. Слабость в сфере стратегического общезначимого нравственного предпочтения постмодерные философы представляют как силу противодействия тоталитарным идеологиям, «большим нарративам». Однако людей без идеологии нет, как нет и сомнения в наличии ценностей, в отношении которых может быть установлено решающее общественное единодушие. ; Цель. Осмыслить феномен духовности в связи с пониманием человеческой сущности как «трансценденции», свободы в условиях глобальной цививилизации. Предложить идею мировоззренческой космотеоцентрической парадигмы, основанной на принципе «метафизической ответственности» человека как «трансцендентного проекта». Указать на служебную роль человека в универсуме, исполнение которой автор считает основной духовной функцией человеческого сообщества. Показать узость антропосоциоцентрического мировоззрения, при котором человек, служа самому себе, не справляется с задачами собственного материального и духовного преуспевания. Дать анализ понятия обусловленности индивидов и ограниченности из смысловых интенций в круге целей и интересов потребительского общества. Подчеркнуть возросшее значение духовного авторитета, мудреца в современной либеральной, плюралистической культуре. Указать на деградацию гуманитарной компоненты в системе народного образования и подчеркнуть роль просвещения в развитии свободы личной интеллектуальной самодеятельности индивидов. Методология. Методологический подход к исследованию феномена духовности автор связывает с принципом экзистенциального единства разума, переживания, воли, веры как аспектов человеческого мироотношения. Такой подход учитывает не только факторы объективной детерминации тенденций и форм человеческого существования, но и включает возросшее значение ценностного, смыслового, мировоззренческого полагания в культурной и цивилизационной деятельности людей на партикулярном и универсальном уровнях. Автор исходит из убеждения о неуклонной активизации человеческой субъективности в духовном развитии общества. Воссоздавая космотеоцентрическую конструкцию вектора развития общества, автор исходил также из априорно принимаемой им очевидности особого сущностного положения человека в бытии как «проекта Трансцендентного». Научная новизна. Проблема духовности человека в истории культуры, так или иначе, является сквозной, архетипической. В современных условиях она приобретает особую остроту. От того, насколько общество овладеет, космотеоцентрическим мироотношением, зависит судьба цивилизации, а в метафизическом смысле возможность реализации человека в качестве онтологически заданного духовного существа. Размышляя о духовности, автор придает философствованию спекулятивный характер и исходит исключительно из мировоззренческих установок, поскольку, если бы он исходил из эмпирических оснований, таяли бы его вера и надежда на духовную реализацию человечества. Выводы. Переход современного общества к космотеоцентрической парадигме мировоззрения подготовлен противоречиями его технологического и культурного развития. В условиях возрастания силы сознательного влияния социума на самого себя многое в утверждении этого мировоззрения зависит от идейного направления деятельности людей в сфере культуры и ментальных качеств субъектов культурной деятельности, духовных авторитетов, философов, мудрецов. Важнейшая роль в духовном возрастании людей принадлежит и гуманитаризации образования. Самым серьезным препятствием на пути их духовной трансформации является мировоззренческий антропоцентризм. Он превращает человека в культ для самого себя, а его жизнедеятельность – в служение себе. Антропоцентризм ослабляет потенцию веры человека и его волю. Демократический плюрализм, приобретающий сейчас вид догматической идеологии, порождает феномен смысловой растерянности индивидов. Слабость в сфере стратегического общезначимого нравственного предпочтения постмодерные философы представляют как силу противодействия тоталитарным идеологиям, «большим нарративам». Однако людей без идеологии нет, как нет и сомнения в наличии ценностей, в отношении которых может быть установлено решающее общественное единодушие. ; The purpose of this article is to regard the phenomenon of spirituality in connection with ontological foundation of human being existence. The author suggests the concept of a new cosmotheocentristical paradigm of human worldoutlook as a ground of perspective transformation of social life activity. The author criticizes the principal of anthropocentrism of the worldoutlook which dominates in present social consciousness. He underlines the role of spiritual teachers in cultural development and indicates the decline of the humanitarian component in modern system education. The author criticizes the modern system of education and gives great meaningfulness to selfdependence thought in spiritual growth of personality. Methodology. The method of philosophizing, which the author uses, is connected with unity of mind, sensuality, belief and will in mental organization of man. Such point of view takes into consideration not only objective factories. It includes the senses of human being existence and world outlook ideas. The author pays attention to the special ontological disposition of human being in the world as a «transcendent project» with «metaphysical responsibility». Scientific novelty. In the history of social culture the problem of spiritual attitude to reality is a substantial problem. Now it becomes especially important, because the survival of civilization depends on development of spirituality. The author connects the consideration of spirituality with particular ontological status of human being in the world and provides his reflection speculative character. Conclusions. The transition the world outlook of modern society to cosmotheocentrical paradigm prepared by contradictions its technological and cultural development. The conscious influence of society to itself is growing. The anthropocentrism as a world view principle is a main obstacle in the way to spiritual transformation of modern consumptive society. This principle changed the human being into the cult for himself. Many philosophers in «postmodern situation» connect the democracy and pluralism with fighting against totalitarian ideologies. However we have not any persons without any ideology and undoubtedly it is possible to attain consonance concerning the main morality values.
