Suchergebnisse

"This book explores the complex ways in which political debates and legal reforms regarding the criminalization of racial violence have shaped the development of American racial history. Spanning previous campaigns for criminalizing slave abuse, lynching, and Klan violence and contemporary debates about the legal response to hate crimes, this book reveals both continuity and change in terms of the political forces underpinning the enactment of new laws regarding racial violence in different periods and of the social and institutional problems that hinder the effective enforcement of these laws. A thought-provoking analysis of how criminal law reflects and constructs social norms, this book offers a new historical and theoretical perspective for analyzing the limits of current attempts to use criminal legislation as a weapon against racism"--

The formation of an appropriate mechanism of administrative and legal regulation of services in the field of financing was carried out at each stage of its development by annually expanding the theoretical (legislative and doctrinal-scientific) and practical basis, providing greater opportunities for consumers to exercise their rights to prompt and prompt service. To date, the topic studied by the authors is one of the most developed in Ukraine. The article analyzes the possibility of formulating a quality mechanism of administrative and legal regulation of financial services in Ukraine through the prism of European integration processes and preventive measures. An extensive analysis of the current financial system of Ukraine is given. The administrative-legal, informational and anti-corruption components of the regulation of financial services are highlighted. It was also found that an important new form of incentive funding for the regions were competitions for budget subventions for the achievement of achievements, rather than their absolute level, which allows them to participate effectively in depressed regions. The strategy of development of the Ukrainian financial market is aimed at its transformation into the main mechanism for attracting investment by Ukrainian companies, creating conditions for effective investment of private and pension savings. The authors revealed the steps and stages of establishing the procedure for providing financial services in terms of such an integral principle of the modern formation of the process of providing services in Ukraine as the principle of service. As a result of the study, in addition to the classic administrative component of financial services, information and anti-corruption services were singled out. The general and special jurisdiction for committing offenses in the field of regulation of financial services at the level of bylaws of Ukraine is analyzed.

This article analyzes quantitative and qualitative data collected from three Australian national online surveys with chief executive officers of organizations providing services to older people and their families and family mediation agencies, service providers working in those organizations, and older people and their relatives. Respondents were asked to identify risk factors for the financial abuse of older people by a family member, comment on the potential usefulness of elder mediation as a strategy to prevent this commonly reported form of abuse, identify the specialist knowledge and skills an elder mediator would need, and identify other factors to be considered.

Why do nation states choose to develop national space programs? How can they justify national efforts to acquire capabilities by arguing for membership of the space club? This book provides a unique perspective of the past, current and future of space exploration and technological development in world politics. A country that sees itself as a power deserving of a seat at the table of world governance is expected to race for space. Based on a rich and detailed analysis of a range of space programs of states which are not usually at the focus of world politics and its research, the author shows that joining the space club is a legitimate and rational decision. The book provides a different way of looking at international relations, through a relatively under-studied area of policy - the space club.

One of the most characteristic features of political processes in Latin America is the military seizure of power. The phenomenon is extremely complex and a complete understanding of it, if that is ever reached, will have to take into account a variety of causal factors operating over different periods of time, and interacting in various ways. Where a problem is this complex, one is well advised to approach it through a variety of methods, and this has indeed occurred. Some of the standard methods are: 1. To contrast Latin American experience as a whole with that of other areas-the United States, or Western Europe, or Africa-in order to isolate putative causal factors present in Latin American history and tradition but not found elsewhere; 2. To contrast the experience of different Latin American countries, identifying those more prone to military assumptions of power and trying to determine what socioeconomic or other variables correlate with a high propensity to military coups; 3. To examine changes over time in the incidence of coups, in the history of all of the Latin American countries, of a single country, or of a limited group of them, to try to discover the changes in other dimensions associated with changes in the relative frequency of coups; 4. To examine the motives of military officers who stage coups, either as stated by them or as imputed to them by knowledgeable observers.

Abstract
In the old, physical, way of regarding the Product Electricity as being similar to water flowing in pipes, the statement 'All electricity mixes on the grid' held true. The picture of a bathtub into which electricity was supplied (flowed) from different sources: Hydro, Nuclear, Fossil, and Wind & Solar was the norm, the 'truth'. However, from a market and consumer power point of view, and from an economic point of view, this analogy with a bathtub actually reveals a misunderstanding of what the Product Electricity really is and how power is transferred from producer to consumer.
Electricity which is audited does not mix with any other electricity. Only electricity which is not audited does mix. The anonymous agents who are the carriers of the purchased Product Electricity, i.e. the kWh:s, they are mixed. The product itself (the Product Electricity) is not mixed, if audited. The old bathtub analogy is false. It is an old misunderstanding of how electric power is traded and transferred.
NB: It is electric power that is produced and consumed. Energy cannot be produced, nor consumed. The first law of thermodynamics states this as a fundamental law of nature.
The new paradigm on electric power explains how the Product Electricity is transferred from power generator to power consumer. The transfer is made by help of anonymous and interchangeable agents: kWh:s.
This is the correct way of understanding the new situation with deregulated power markets offering different 'colours' of power, i.e. electricity with different environmental loads, e.g. 'Green Power'. The new paradigm uses an analogy with the banking system, 'The Bank Grid', where the parallel between bank grid and electric grid is, in fact, exact. In this new market situation the new paradigm on electric power shows that there exists a possible choice of not consuming any coal power.
The 10 hottest years ever measured globally have all occurred since 2010, with the top ten being 2016, 2020, 2019, 2015, 2017, 2021, 2018, 2014, 2010, 2013, respectively. The Climate Crisis is here. The New Paradigm on Electric Power shows us how we can choose to not consume any power produced by fossil energy.

A comment on Robert Kagan's book, Of Paradise and Power: America and Europe in the New World Order (2003), looks at factual, theoretical, & psychological aspects of his claim that Americans & Europeans live in different worlds. Although the US was an active participant in the establishment of international institutions, the Bush administration has shown contempt for the United Nations, & rejected numerous international commitments. It is contended that Kagan's use of Immanuel Kant & Thomas Hobbes to support his theory slanders both Hobbes's idea of an all-powerful sovereign & Kant's conception of "perpetual peace." In addition, Kagan's Nietzschean suggestion that weakness is the main reason Europeans believe the world should be governed by international institutions/laws supports the Bush administration neoconservative agenda. Implications of the disparity in military power between the US & Europe & Kagan's assertion that everyone must "readjust to the new reality of American hegemony" are addressed. The need to acknowledge that real security can only be realized through the establishment of rules/institutions agreed upon by all parties is emphasized & other possible scenarios in Iraq are discussed. J. Lindroth