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This essay argues that Jamaican-American Michelle Cliff's writing should be understood within a new interpretive framework which sees post-independence Caribbean literature as inheriting gendered and raced legacies of Romantic nationalism. While Cliff's early work shows the appeal of Romantic nationalism as a means of establishing national authenticity, her later work demonstrates how these norms, when transmitted to postcolonial black nationalism, displace more complex notions of national identity that take into account racial, sexual, and cultural hybridity.

Exploration of the relationship between relatives' views of patients and judgments of professional examiners of same patients reveals congruent areas

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has induced tourism destinations to reconsider organisational aspects related to health safety measures, as perceptions of health safety may have become particularly important for tourists. Using data from summer 2020, the period immediately after the outbreak of the pandemic, we investigate the factors that affected tourist perceptions of health safety.Design/methodology/approachData come from a survey of tourist-card holders in Trentino, an Italian mountain destination. Through regressions, we assess the conditional correlation between health safety measure evaluations following a holiday and a set of covariates related to the features of the tourist area and the tourists themselves, as well as COVID-19 incidence in their province of residence in the months before the holiday.FindingsTourist-related features seem not to impact on perceived health safety, whereas some destination- and accommodation-related elements do. In particular, the number of tourist beds affects it negatively, and staying at a hotel does it in a positive way. COVID-19 incidence in one's home province does not affect perceptions of health safety measures, which suggests a possible sample selection effect and/or the need for more fine-grained data.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the few on the immediate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic using data from a large sample of actual tourists. Our findings point out the importance of the intrinsic features of some places and accommodation in influencing perceptions of safety. We discuss implications for scholars and destination managers.

The study was aimed at assessing uses of Eucalyptus species in Makurdi metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria. Snowball sampling technique was employed to select places where Eucalyptus trees were planted in Makurdi. Consequently, five out of these locations were randomly chosen. Target population for this study includes locations where Eucalyptus species were planted, Timber Sheds and stakeholders of forestry in Makurdi. Sum of sixty copies of semi structured questionnaire and personal interview were used for data collection. Results of this present study showed that 72% of respondents were male while 28% were female. Three species of Eucalyptus such as Eucalyptus camaldulensis (75%), Eucalyptus globulus (15%) and Eucalyptus toreliana (10%) were identified in the study area. The results revealed that Eucalyptus species were mostly used for windbreak (28.40%) followed by firewood (26.70%), aesthetics purpose (21.70%), landscaping (16.70%), electric poles (6.70%) and 0% for timber and furniture, respectively. Leave and bark of Eucalyptus species were reported to be used for medicinal purposes with E. camaldulensis most utilized. It was also observed that the stakeholders of forestry in Makurdi had neither Eucalyptus nursery nor plantation. Based on the findings, it is recommended that forestry stakeholders and government should embark sensitization of timber users to initiate Eucalyptus plantation to supplement the ever increasing demand of wood and wood products in Makurdi. Also, timber dealers should explore the Eucalyptus species for timber purposes and business.

At head of title: The government of the Philippine Islands. Department of public instruction. Bureau of education. ; cover-title ; Mode of access: Internet.

Rasaaq A Adebayo,1 Michael O Balogun,1 Rufus A Adedoyin,2 Oluwayemisi A Obashoro-John,3 Luqman A Bisiriyu,4 Olugbenga O Abiodun11Department of Medicine, 2Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, 3Department of Adult Education, University of Lagos, 4Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, NigeriaBackground: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing rapidly in sub-Saharan Africa, but data are limited on hypertension prevalence. In addition, few population-based studies have been conducted recently in Nigeria on the prevalence and correlates of hypertension in both urban and rural communities. Therefore, we determined the prevalence of hypertension in adults in the three rural communities of Ipetumodu, Edunabon, and Moro, in South West Nigeria.Materials and methods: One thousand adults between 15 and 90 years of age were recruited into this cross-sectional study, over a 6-month period, using a multistage proportional stratified random sampling technique. Sociodemographic data and anthropometric variables were obtained, and resting blood pressure (BP) was measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer. Diagnosis of hypertension was based on the JNC VII guidelines, the WHO/ISH 1999 guidelines, and the BP threshold of 160/95 mmHg.Results: Four hundred and eighty-six men (48.6%) men and 514 women (51.4%) participated in the study. Their mean age, weight, height, and body mass index were 32.3±14.7 years, 62±13 kg, 1.5±0.1 m, and 23.02 kg/m2, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, based on the 140/90 mmHg definition, was 26.4% (Male: 27.3%; Female: 25.4%). The prevalence of hypertension, based on the 160/95 mmHg definition, was 11.8% (Male: 13.5%; Female: 10.1%). There were significant positive correlations between BP and some anthropometric indicators of obesity.Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in the three rural communities was 26.4%, indicating a trend towards increasing prevalence of hypertension. There was also a significant positive correlation between anthropometric indicators of obesity and BP in this population.Keywords: hypertension, Nigeria, prevalence, rural communities

On June 12, 2012, the International Court of Justice ("ICJ" or the "Court") ordered the Republic of the Congo ("DRC") to pay the Republic of Guinea ("Guinea") U.S. $95,000 in compensation for material and non-material injury to Guinea's national Ahmadou Sadio Diallo. The Judgment is notable for several reasons. First, the mere fact that the Court fixed an amount of compensation owned to Guinea is relevant, as this is only the second time in the history of the Court that such a measure was adopted. Second, in reaching its decision, the Court relied heavily on decisions of other international courts and tribunals to determine the amount of compensation. By doing so, the Court aligned itself with other courts' precedent and marginalized fears of fragmentation in international law. Third, the Court's reasoning to award U.S. $95,000 rather than the twelve million dollars requested by Guinea is also significant.

Accident studies have shown that a major cause of daytime motorcycle accidents is poor frontal visibility. Laboratory experiments are reported which were aimed at investigating the detectability of four devices (high-beam headlight, low-beam headlight, a white triangular wind fairing, and a bright red fluorescent jacket) relative to a standard motorcycle, in both "cluttered" and "clean" environments in daylight. Combinations of these devices were not tested. It was found that the high-beam headlight was superior to other devices in both environments.

The conditions for a further positive development of the science of sport are very favorable as both the interest in sports and the demand for scientific knowledge will increase. However, if the science of sport is to achieve a prominent standing, new problems must be faced. Sport is developing into an open system in that its boundaries to other fields (economy, media, etc.) and to other forms of spare-time activity (e.g. tourism, entertainment) have become blurred. The consequence must be the development of an open science of sport. New groups of people are becoming interested in sports, and new innovative models of sport activity must be developed for them. With new strategies of planning, new forms of sport activity must be organized and realized. Emerging from these elements is the concept of the science of sport as an open, innovative, planning science.

This article shows how eco-theology could and should be indigenised in an African context using the Copperbelt in Zambia as a case study. The ecological crisis worldwide has given rise to the call for everyone to work together to start caring about our natural environment. In theology, the response to this call received the name eco-theology. By means of a literature review, ethnographic information and governmental legislation, the article tries to illustrate how eco-theology could and should be indigenised in an African context using the Copperbelt in Zambia as a case study. This article makes an attempt to contribute to the needed ecological renewal by reinterpreting two traditions that inform thinking on the Copperbelt: Christianity and African traditional religion. The supernatural belief of the Lamba people is no longer embodied in this creation, and it is not too late for the people to form any indigenous environmental protection movement to protect the sacredness of mother Earth from further contamination and exploitation by strengthening, maintaining and respecting the traditional teachings and the cultural laws. Obedience to God's command to tend creation is a quest for continued creation by humans, so that value is added to what is already in existence. This is embodied making the place we live in more beautiful, appealing and peaceful. Fruitfulness with sustainability becomes core values for interdependence and earth keeping. CONTRIBUTION: We wish to address the ecological situation of the mining industry in Zambia from a theological perspective by assessing the impact of the copper mining and processing industry on humans, their environment and nature and by showing how the traditions of African traditional religion (ATR) thought can be transformed into tools to oppose this ecological disaster. ; http://www.hts.org.za/ ; Dogmatics and Christian Ethics

ABSTRACTBy critically examining the concept of criminal responsibility we learn how the concept has undergone three major transformations. The changes are illuminated by focusing on structural transformations underlying legal theory and changes in the application of legislation and case law. Attention is also directed to the changing rhetoric of legitimation associated with each transformation.

Why is uncertainty so important to politics today? To explore the underlying reasons, issues and challenges, this book's chapters address finance and banking, insurance, technology regulation and critical infrastructures, as well as climate change, infectious disease responses, natural disasters, migration, crime and security and spirituality and religion.The book argues that uncertainties must be understood as complex constructions of knowledge, materiality, experience, embodiment and practice. Examining in particular how uncertainties are experienced in contexts of marginalisation and precarity, this book shows how sustainability and development are not just technical issues, but depend deeply on political values and choices. What burgeoning uncertainties require lies less in escalating efforts at control, but more in a new – more collective, mutualistic and convivial – politics of responsibility and care. If hopes of much-needed progressive transformation are to be realised, then currently blinkered understandings of uncertainty need to be met with renewed democratic struggle. Written in an accessible style and illustrated by multiple case studies from across the world, this book will appeal to a wide cross-disciplinary audience in fields ranging from economics to law to science studies to sociology to anthropology and geography, as well as professionals working in risk management, disaster risk reduction, emergencies and wider public policy fields.

Purpose – the purpose of the research is to create a compiled indicator of economic security, based on 4 components (Economic, Political, Social and Ecological) and to examine the assessment of its subindicators on GDP per capita of EU countries.