Suchergebnisse

This article provides a brief overview of the reports presented at the plenary session of the International Scientific and Practical Conference "Eurasian Economic Integration and Sustainable Development in the context of global transformations", held in April 2023 in Yerevan; the main coordinator of the conference was the Krasnodar Foundation "Scientific and Educational Initiatives of Kuban". The most significant provisions of the reports presented at the conference in the context of promoting Eurasian integration and ensuring sustainable socio-economic development in the context of global transformation are presented. Both common and controversial points have been identified in the positions of most of the authors of the reports regarding the goals and tools for intensifying integration processes and revealing the possibilities of implementing sustainable development strategies in the post-Soviet space, the formation of an updated and effective nationally oriented economic model. The largest number of productive ideas and practice-oriented recommendations on the issues discussed were expressed regarding the opportunities and prospects for strengthening the economies of Russia and Armenia. It seems that the proposals expressed in the reports and the analysis contained in them, as well as the positive experience of managing in a ­modern volatile economy demonstrated during the discussions, are of significant interest for studying, developing and possible application both conceptually and practically for those who are interested in scientific and organizational and managerial aspects of modern integration in the context of sustainable development.

A large and constantly growing number of criminal offences, not only cybercrime, is committed in a way that leaves digital traces which can serve as evidence. This data is in the possession of service providers, often located in a different country than the place of an investigation. The available model of cross-border gathering of evidence, based on mutual legal assistance, is considered too cumbersome and lengthy for the digital world. Similar reservations have been made as regards the European Investigation Order. In response, the European Commission proposed the so-called e-evidence package in 2018, which – after 5 years of arduous negotiations – was finally adopted on 12 July 2023. Its main element is the European Production Order, an instrument based on mutual recognition which will allow law enforcement authorities in one Member State to request Internet service providers in another Member State to produce data without or with limited involvement of the authorities of the latter State. This new system is effectively a legal revolution which redefines the concept of mutual recognition and creates a model where service providers will play a significant role in safeguarding their users' fundamental rights. This article examines the paradigm shift caused by this instrument, analyses the dynamics of interaction between the parties involved – in particular the role private actors will play in it – in order to verify the correctness of the legal basis and reveal the consequences of such a new system for transnational cooperation and service providers in the EU.

After the start of the Syrian civil war in March 2011, millions of Syrians were forced to flee their country. As other effects of the war and the intensity of migration increased, the situation developed into a humanitarian crisis. In response, Türkiye, as a neighbor of Syria, implemented an open-door policy towards Syrian migrants; and as of 2023, the number of Syrians under temporary protection in Türkiye reached approximately 3.5 million. This number is not only the highest number of Syrians but also is incomparably higher than the number of Syrians in other countries. However, the migration flow towards Türkiye facilitated an influx of migrants to the borders of the European Union (EU). As a result of this influx, the EU needed to join hands with Türkiye. This research analyses EU-Türkiye relations as regards migrating Syrians. In brief, the two actors signed the Readmission Agreement and the 18 March Memorandum of Understanding to prevent the flow of Syrians to the EU. In the actuality created by these texts, the process observed is considered to have yielded a result in favor of the EU. In other words, the flow of migration to the EU through Türkiye has been largely prevented. However, from the Turkish perspective, Türkiye has had to bear the huge expense of hosting approximately 3.5 million Syrians but by and large, has not received the expected support from the EU.

Europe, notably in countries like Lithuania, is facing substantial demographic shifts due to aging, impacting various systems, including the labor market. In this context understanding retirement intentions is crucial. Quality of work is a key determinant of retirement intentions, yet other factors such as financial situation, health, or family pressures also play a role, and a comprehensive understanding of their interactions remains a research gap. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review of research on the relationship between retirement intentions and quality of work, with a specific focus on potential control factors, moderators and mediators of this relationship. This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA). Articles were electronically retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and EBSCO databases. Studies selected were full-text, peer-reviewed articles in English from 2003 to 2023, which used quantitative methodologies and focused on the relationship between retirement intentions and quality of work for workers aged 50+. The quality of the selected publications was assessed using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies – AXIS tool. Of the initial 776 sources, after removing duplicates and irrelevant articles, 91 were fully screened, and 17 met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review. This systematic literature review provided further insights into the relationship between retirement intentions and quality of work, highlighting the roles of moderators, mediators, and control factors in this relationship.

AbstractFetuses undergo major surgical stress as well as fluid shifts secondary to both twin-twin transfusion (TTTS) as well as the fetoscopic surgery for treatment of TTTS. While the pathophysiology of TTTS is understood, the acute metabolic changes that fetuses experience from fetoscopic surgery are not. We sought to evaluate the changes in recipient metabolomic profile secondary to TTTS surgery. Amniotic fluid was collected at the beginning and end of four TTTS surgical cases performed from 12/2022−2/2023. Samples were immediately processed and evaluated via NMR-based Metabolomics Facility protocol. In univariate analysis, 12 metabolites (glucose, lactate, and 10 key amino acids) showed statistically significant changes between the beginning and end of the surgery. Among these, 11 metabolites decreased at the end, while only lactate increased. Supervised oPLS-DA modeling revealed pyruvate and lactate as the two metabolites most impact on the variance between cases, and that 40% of metabolomic changes could be attributed directly to the timing that the sample was taken (i.e., if pre- or postoperatively). These results indicate significant metabolic changes in the recipient twin during fetoscopic surgery for TTTS. These findings of decreased glucose, increased lactate, and decreased amnio acids would indicate increased catabolism during surgery. This study raises questions regarding optimal maternal and fetal nutrition during surgery and if nutritional status could be optimized to further improve twin survival during fetoscopic surgery.

The rise of populism is often explained by political factors, economic factors, and media and communication factors. This article analyzes populism in the context of an increased focus on authenticity in political communication. The main aim is to discuss to what degree mediated authenticity strengthens the populist message and what consequences the nexus between authenticity and populism might have for the quality of democratic governance. As a theoretical backdrop, the article discusses the implications of increased valorization of authenticity in times of distrust, and how perforned truth is a key appeal of populism in representative democracies. The methodological approach is a systematic analysis of seven authenticity strategies identified in previous research: consistency, spontaneity, ordinariness, confession, immediacy, ambivalence, and imperfection. In addition to the theoretical analysis, the article offers a case study of the performance of Donald Trump, focusing on how mediated authenticity strengthens the populist message. The study is conducted in a mainly U.S.-context and includes material collected between 2016 and 2023. A key argument is that although performed authenticity can be both advantageous and disadvantageous, depending on the status of the candidate, there is lower risk involved for populist politicians than mainstream politicians because the strategies correspond more with the ideology. In conclusion, the article argues that performed authenticity might legitimize hate speech, conspiracy theories, and post-truth politics because populists claim to have a particular relation to the truth.

Este estudo visa tratar da temática do conhecimento financeiro de alunos de graduação no Brasil. Mais especificamente, o trabalho tem o objetivo de identificar o impacto desse conhecimento no comportamento financeiro desses alunos. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, esta pesquisa adota uma metodologia quantitativa, abordando alunos de graduação de três grandes grupos educacionais do Brasil. Os resultados reforçam o baixo desempenho desses alunos em conhecimento financeiro e confirmam que o maior conhecimento em finanças pessoais pode sim impactar no comportamento desses jovens no ensino superior. Essas constatações ressaltam a importância de revisitar e atualizar as políticas de Educação Financeira no Brasil. Acreditamos que também seja importante que as Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) adotem a temática da Educação Financeira como "Temas Transversais" (TT) em suas unidades curriculares. Isso é relevante uma vez que há uma fragilidade nessa formação no ensino fundamental e médio no Brasil (OECD, 2020) e é um tema reconhecido como algo crítico para apoiar o crescimento econômico das nações (Zhang 2023). Assim, esta pesquisa tem contribuições teóricas e práticas. Primeiro, contribui teoricamente ao trazer insights do contexto brasileiro para o debate global sobre educação financeira. Segundo, possui uma contribuição prática ao enfatizar o impacto dos conhecimentos financeiras na tomada de decisão, e também indicar a fragilidade da temática em cursos de graduação, demandando por políticas públicas mais assertivas.

O objetivo é analisar os significados construídos na relação de professores com o saber ensinar leitura e escrita em turmas da educação de jovens e adultos no município de Redenção – CE. A base teórica está centrada nos conceitos de mobilização, atividade e sentido, discutidos por Bernard Charlot (2000), em sua teoria sobre a Relação com o Saber. Acrescentam-se a essa base teórica a discussão de Magda Soares (2004) sobre as práticas de alfabetização e a compreensão de Brian Street (2006) sobre o letramento, além das ideias de Paulo Freire (1987) no diálogo com a formação humana. A pesquisa qualitativa, descritivo-interpretativa, produziu dados a partir de áudios autorizados pelos professores da EJA em encontros de formação e visita in loco nas escolas, em 2023. A análise dos dados nos autoriza a afirmar que, para os professores, é significativo o exercício da docência por meio do qual eles reconhecem o valor da leitura e da escrita pelos estudantes a partir da grafia de seu próprio nome, pois isso ultrapassa e amplia o sentido de ensinar a aquisição convencional da tecnologia da escrita, tendo como mobilização o desencadeamento de significados plurais nos aprendentes. Os dados confirmam ainda o pressuposto de que essa relação com o saber ensinar apresenta uma conexão, em forma de espelhamento, entre as histórias pessoais dos estudantes de EJA e a baixa escolarização vivenciada pelos pais dos professores.

El 9 de junio de 2023 murió en París a la edad de 97 años el conocido sociólogo Alain Touraine, autor de un vasto conjunto de investigaciones y de libros que gira alrededor de dos problemas fundamentales: una nueva sociología del actor social y una indagación por las características de las sociedades contemporáneas. Su proyecto intelectual se podría resumir en la siguiente frase: refundar la sociología a partir del reconocimiento de la primacía de la acción social. Y todo ello en el marco inicial del debate con el modelo estructuralista de los años sesenta en Francia, pero igualmente con el funcionalismo parsoniano, predominante en la sociología norteamericana de la misma época. La sociología de los movimientos sociales, por la que es más conocido, es un corolario de su preocupación fundamental por el carácter creativo de la acción social. A estas dos orientaciones de su trabajo sociológico habría que agregar el interés por el estudio de América Latina, desde el Río Grande hasta la Patagonia. Este artículo pretende construir una presentación sintética de los aspectos centrales de su obra siguiendo sus propios criterios: "más que distinguir cronológicamente las fases de mi producción, lo que procuro es comprender su unidad, pues hoy tengo la convicción de que siempre me he planteado las mismas cuestiones, aunque no del mismo modo y probablemente con un grado de conciencia insuficiente" (2000, p. 114).

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing body of legal regulation of text and data mining (TDM). Since 2018, Japan, the European Union, Singapore and others have promoted changes to their copyright law and included specific limitations and exceptions for TDM. These changes have been slow in the Global South and the developing world, even though they are urgently needed there. This report aims to present the Brazilian copyright legal framework and the policy documents related to Intellectual Property, Artificial Intelligence and innovation influencing political and public debate. This set of policies and legislative texts provides the grounds for the discussion on the need for a TDM Limitation in Brazil, a debate which has been intensified within the scope of the work carried out by a special commission that was convened by the Brazilian Senate to work on a substitute draft for the AI Bill. Brazil's TDM provision is focused on uses carried out by public-interest-oriented organizations. It found its place within the Bill on AI as a distinct topic and is currently formally part of Bill 2338/2023, which is being discussed in the Senate. While there is a reasonable possibility that the TDM provision will be voted on and approved in the Senate, recent developments on Generative AI may bring even more complexity to the debate on the interplay between AI and copyright.

El auge de las formaciones de ultraderecha ha suscitado una serie de investigaciones desde diferentes disciplinas, incluido el enfoque crítico del discurso. Sin embargo, apenas hay investigaciones sobre la cuestión demográfica atendiendo a la intersección entre el género y la raza y a la representación que hace el partido de este tema. Por ello, la investigación tiene como objetivo, por un lado, comprobar la presencia de la cuestión demográfica en el discurso de Vox y analizar su enmarcado; y, por otro lado, determinar las estrategias discursivas a través de las cuales (re)construye el enmarcado. Este análisis resulta pertinente para comprender los discursos de la ultraderecha española y observar cómo se están activando una serie de marcos vinculados a la teoría del reemplazo demográfico, fortaleciendo el orden de género y racial, (re)construyendo feminidad y masculinidad patriarcal para el endogrupo, y produciendo diferenciación racial desde la otredad amenazante. El presente trabajo analiza los tuits publicados en las cuentas del partido de derecha radical español, Vox, así como de dos militantes activos del partido: el eurodiputado Jorge Buxadé y la diputada Rocío de Meer, durante el periodo del 15 de mayo de 2021 hasta el 16 de enero de 2023. Para el análisis, se recurre al enfoque crítico del discurso de Wodak, Van Dijk y Jäger, prestando especial atención a los instrumentos empleados en las estrategias de referenciación, predicación y argumentación.

This study aims to investigate the interplay between employee engagement and innovation performance in shaping the success of manufacturing and service enterprises in Albania and Kosovo. The data collection involved the distribution of questionnaires to entrepreneurs, managers, and employees of the enterprises, with direct interviews conducted in some cases. The data collection period spanned from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023. SPSS was employed to create the database and analyze the collected data. The study encompasses 190 companies operating in the services and production sectors, with 100 located in Albania and 90 in Kosovo. The selection of these sectors is based on their significant contribution to the region's economic landscape. Of the total enterprises, 105 (55%) are manufacturing enterprises, and 85 (45%) are service enterprises.The findings reveal a robust and positive correlation between employee engagement, innovation performance, and business success. Employee engagement (r = 0.458**) and innovation performance (r = 0.396**) exhibit significant correlations (p < 0.01), with both factors demonstrating statistical significance (p = 0.000). The multivariate regression analysis confirms the positive influence of both employee engagement and innovation performance on business success, supported by a significance of ANOVA analysis (p = .000). This study contributes to the understanding of the specific dynamics of employee engagement and innovation performance in the context of manufacturing and service enterprises in Albania and Kosovo. It offers valuable insights for managers and entrepreneurs seeking to enhance the success of their organizations.

La discapacidad se refiere a una condición que limita la capacidad de una persona para realizar actividades cotidianas de manera normal o para participar plenamente en la sociedad. La investigación está basada en un estudio socioeconómico a la población estudiantil de la Universidad Nacional de Loja-Ecuador, en los periodos académicos del 2022-2023, se enfocó en determinar el grado de discapacidades en las facultades y carreras, y relacionarlas con la importancia de la autonomía, y el rol de la familia en el proceso de autodeterminación e independencia. El objetivo de estudio fue, fomentar la práctica de vida independiente a través de la autonomía y autodeterminación considerando a la familia como ente protagónico en los estudiantes con discapacidad de la Universidad Nacional de Loja, se planteó como metodología un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, basado en datos referenciales de la población, como técnica de recolección de la información se utilizó una encuesta estructurada aplicada a la población estudiantil con discapacidad, además se trabajó con una muestreo probabilístico aleatorio a 117 estudiantes entre hombre y mujeres. Se concluye que la sociedad y la familia actúa como catalizadores de las personas con discapacidad, para mejorar sus posibilidades de lograr sus objetivos de vida, enfrentar retos y lograr su autonomía o detenerse en el vacío de la imposibilidad de lograrlo.

PurposeTo investigate the role of domestic and foreign economic policy uncertainty (EPU) in driving the corporate bond yields in emerging markets.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilizes monthly data from January 2008 to June 2023 from the selected emerging economies. The data analysis is conducted using univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques. The study includes bond market liquidity and global volatility (VIX) as control variables.FindingsDomestic EPU has a significant role in driving corporate bond yields in these markets. The study finds weak evidence to support the role of the USA EPU in influencing corporate bond yields in emerging economies. Domestic EPU holds more weight and influence than the EPU originating from the United States of America.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings provide useful insights to policymakers about the potential impact of policy uncertainty on corporate bond yields and enable them to make informed decisions regarding economic policies that maintains financial stability. Understanding the relationship between EPU and corporate bond yields enables investors to optimize their investment decisions in emerging market economies, opens the scope for further research on the interaction between EPU and volatility and other attributes of fixed income markets.Originality/valueFocuses specifically on the emerging market economies in Asia, providing an in-depth analysis of the dynamics and challenges faced by these countries, Explores the influence of both domestic and the USA EPU on corporate bond yields in emerging markets, offering valuable insights into the transmission channels and impact of EPU from various sources.

Abstract
Uneven democratization is a common yet poorly understood legacy of civil war. In the aftermath of the Lebanese Civil War (1975–1990), wartime processes of displacement interacted with Syria's intervention to transform local postwar political orders. In Beirut's suburbs, the bonds built between armed actors and displaced populations created opportunities for displaced people to extract responsiveness from local institutions, despite their vulnerability. But the power of displaced populations in their host community hinges on the fate of the locally dominant armed actor. If the armed actor is an ally of the intervening power, it can maintain political control over its strongholds, marginalizing traditional local elites while empowering its core constituents, displaced people. By contrast, if an armed actor is repressed by the intervening power, the ensuing power vacuum creates an opportunity for pluralistic party politics to emerge. Traditional prewar elites reassert their role in local political life, empowering their core constituents, the prewar residents. Drawing on dozens of in-depth interviews with key informants in the suburbs of postwar Beirut, the findings show how displacement transformed localities in ways that transcend religious identity. Over 80,000 people have been displaced from southern Lebanon because of fighting since October 7, 2023. If Hezbollah provides services and security to these displaced persons, the current conflict will strengthen Hezbollah's grip on the south of Lebanon when the displaced populations return, or further consolidate its influence in those localities in south Lebanon where displaced populations settle.