Suchergebnisse

Communication given at a colloquium organized by the East-Asia Network at Hong Kong Chinese University in November 2011. ; International audience ; The Fukushima catastrophe is a turning point in the conception, role and management of technology in industrial societies. As did Hiroshima (on another dimension) after 1945, the Fukushima's nuclear accident questions and transforms established conceptions and values concerning the relations between technology, politics, industry, society and the environment. It has become impossible to think after Fukushima as we did before. This catastrophe initiates a major epistemic and conceptual shift with long-term consequences. This paper focuses on a powerful conceptual complex associating the notions of risk, trust and knowledge society. This complex associates discourses, theories and policies. The objective is to criticize this conceptual complex in order to explore how to rethink after Fukushima the relations between technology, politics, industry and society.

Invited by the editors to respond to Professor Neumann's inaugural lecture,1 in this article I take issue with his core, unquestioned assumption, namely, whether IR should be considered as a science. I use it as a starting point to re-open the question of how the stuff that humans are made of should be studied in IR today. Beyond Neumann's piece, I critically engage with two emerging trends in the discipline, the so-called new materialisms and the interest in the neurosciences, and articulate my concern that these trends have not addressed the deterministic fallacy that threatens to undermine their relevance for the study of a world made by humans. To the latent anxiety as to whether the discipline has finally achieved recognition of its epistemological status as a science, I respond by recalling that other grand tradition in IR, interpretive methods. The study of meaning from within, without reducing it to countable 'things' or to neuronal traces, is, I suggest, better attuned to capturing the contingency, indeterminacy and freedom which constitute key characteristics of the constructed, social world that we study in IR.

The Post-War rise in importance of the individual in international political theory, as evidenced by the development of the international human rights regime, International Criminal Law and theories of global justice, has, paradoxically, been accompanied by an highly critical approach to the concept of human nature. Criticisms of human nature largely rest on the association of the concept of with social Darwinism, racism, sexism and eugenics, but, understood properly and at the right level of generality, the concept of human nature need not attract such undesirable, pseudo-scientific bedfellows. The modern science of evolutionary psychology is in the process of changing our understanding of the social implications of our genetic inheritance, and social and political theorists ought not to resist this change, and international relations scholars should not leave the field to realist scholars. Premature generalisations based on the findings of evolutionary psychology should certainly be resisted, but so should blanket rejections of the new knowledge. The task for international political theorists is to find a way of integrating the findings of the new human sciences into a humane understanding of the human animal.

In January 1974 the Council of Ministers of the European Community issued a resolution calling for the coordination of the science and technology policies of the member countries. This initiative came after several years of largely unrewarded efforts by the European institutions to bring a measure of Community-wide coherence in national R&D programs and objectives. Despite the development of alternative decision-making and implementation procedures, the Community's impact on national activities was on the whole limited in scope, confined to programs of marginal importance and more concerned with the joint execution of specific research tasks than with the political motives and intentions of the member governments. A review of the 1974 resolution's effects, principally through the work of the CREST committee, demonstrates that the multiple obstacles to policy coordination have yet to be overcome. These obstacles stem from a) varying conceptions of the policy coordination task, b) the discrepancies and inadequacies in national science policy formulation, c) deficiencies in the perspectives and procedures of Commission officials and national delegations, and d) a variety of constraints which restrict the domain of possible Community intervention.

Pol'al sci'ts have been slow to study seriously the impact of urbanization on US gov'al institutions & pol'al life. While the total literature of municipal gov is vast, the signif scholarly literature of Ur gov is small in amount & limited in coverage. Major gaps in Ur res include use of sociol'al, econ, & psychol'al approaches; federal & state urbanism policy; Ur history; Ur pol'al structure & processes; description of the municipal executive; changes in Ur gov org; evaluation of reform movements; professional relations in Ur management; & urbanism theory. AA-IPSA.

Papers presented at the National Seminar on "Social Sciences and Planning for Sustainable Developmemt", organized by Dept. of Economics, Osmania University, 7th-8th Dec. 1996

AbstractRooted in ideas from operations research in the 1930s, improvement science bloomed in the healthcare literature during the 1990s and has since then spread rapidly across fields such as management, social work, behavioral economics, and most recently education (Lewis, ). So what is thing called "improvement science"? What is the intellectual foundation of improvement science? And what does it look like in real‐world applications? What, if anything, might we, as evaluators, learn from the techniques and tools of improvement science? These are questions that will be addressed in this chapter.

Introduction / Melissa K. Welch-Ross and Lauren G. Fasig -- Some conceptual and practical issues -- A perspective on the history and future of disseminating behavioral and social science / Robert B. McCall and Christina J. Groark -- Science communication scholarship : themes and future directions / Michael Weigold, Debbie Treise, and Paula Rausch -- Journalistic practice and coverage of the behavioral and social sciences / Sharon Dunwoody -- Communicating the complexities and uncertainties of behavioral science / S. Holly Stocking and Johnny V. Sparks -- Communicating basic behavioral science beyond the discipline : reflections from social psychology / John F. Dovidio and Samuel L. Gaertner -- Beyond university walls : disseminating behavioral science outside of the academy / Stacy Ann Hawkins, Diane F. Halpern, and Sherylle J. Tan -- Understanding mass media priorities and processes -- Reporting on behavioral science : a glimpse inside the television news business / Andrea Gitow -- National public radio / Rachel Jones -- Newspapers / Tom Siegfried -- Magazines / Sally Lehrman -- Communicating with the public -- Making the news interview a success for you and the reporter / Rhea K. Farberman -- From the lab to the living room : stories that talk the talk and walk the walk / Kathy Hirsh-Pasek and Roberta Golinkoff -- Working with science information specialists / Earle M. Holland -- The internet / Nancy Martland and Fred Rothbaum -- Communicating with policymakers -- A knowledge utilization framework for making behavioral science useful to policy makers / Robert F. Rich -- Working with the federal government / Angela L. Sharpe -- State your case : working with state governments / Bill Albert and Sarah S. Brown -- Think tanks and advocacy organizations / Karabelle Pizzigati -- Disseminating behavioral science to service professions -- Disseminating behavioral medicine research to practitioners : recommendations for researchers / Kimberlee J. Trudeau and Karina W. Davidson -- Advancing education through research : false starts, broken promises, and light on the horizon / G. Reid Lyon and Elayne Esterline -- Disseminating effective approaches to drug use prevention / Mary Ann Pentz -- Disseminating and implementing evidence-based practices for mental health / David A. Chambers -- Behavioral science in the military / Janice H. Laurence -- Conclusion: current themes and future directions / Melissa K. Welch-Ross and Lauren G. Fasig.