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Databases of both convicted offenders and no-suspect cases demonstrate the power of DNA testing to solve the unsolvable. George?Woody? Clarke is a leading authority in legal circles and among the news media because of his expertise in DNA evidence. In this memoir, Clarke chronicles his experiences in some of the most disturbing and notorious sexual assault and murder court cases in California. He charts the beginnings of DNA testing in police investigations and the fight for its acceptance by courts and juries. He illustrates the power of science in cases he personally prosecuted or in which

Mitchell Sharp is best remembered as one of the most unpolitical of politicians - a public servant somehow co-opted into the political sphere without ever acquiring a partisan patina. In this engaging memoir, Sharp contemplates the unexpected turns of his public life, combining narrative with reflection on the nature of public service, and the nature of policy over the forty-five years of his career in government. Sharp gives a vivid picture of what it was like to grow up in depression-era Winnipeg, where he put himself through university while holding a full-time job and trained as an economist at a time when the breed was scarce. Sharp's career took him into the Ottawa mandarinate in the 1940s and 1950s, then the Toronto corporate world, and then Lester Pearson's cabinet in 1963. Sharp's experience as a politician, which lasted until 1978, was not uncontroversial: within the Liberal party he spoke for those who found Walter Gordon's nationalist economics impractical if not misleading. It was a clash of different styles, and different ideas, of Canadian nationalism - a clash in which Sharp's ideas prevailed. Later, Sharp was the man on the spot during the 1970 October crisis, and his description of those events adds significantly to our understanding of what happened, and why. As external affairs minister from 1968 to 1974, Sharp reshaped Canadian foreign policy to decrease dependence on the United States by promoting a diversified economy with increased trade overseas. Sharp's memoir will engross any reader with an interest in Canada's political history of the last half century. Clearly written, and with Sharp's characteristic dry candour, the book brings the characters and circumstances of Canada's history to life. Sharp's reflections on the role of the senior civil service, on relations with the media, on the rise of the Canadian deficit, and on other issues should find a place on any reading list concerned with the nature of Canadian government

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Dedication -- Preface -- Author Biography -- Chapter 1 Concepts and Foundations Automation and Emerging Technologies -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Structure and Framework of Automation and Key Performance Indexes (KPIs) -- 1.3 Advanced Image Processing Techniques -- 1.4 Fuzzy and Its Recent Advances -- 1.5 Automatic Detection and Its Applications in Infrastructure -- 1.6 Feature Extraction and Fragmentation Methods -- 1.7 Feature Prioritization and Selection Methods -- 1.8 Classification Methods and Its Applications in Infrastructure Management -- 1.9 Models of Performance Measures and Quantification in Automation -- 1.10 Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms (NIOAS) -- 1.11 Summary and Conclusion -- 1.12 Questions and Exercise -- Chapter 2 The Structure and Framework of Automation and Key Performance Indices (KPIs) -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Macro Plan and Architecture of Automation -- 2.2.1 Infrastructure Automation -- 2.2.2 Importance of Infrastructure Automation Evaluation -- 2.3 A General Framework and Design of Automation -- 2.4 Infrastructure Condition Index and Its Relationship with Cracking -- 2.4.1 Road Condition Index -- 2.4.2 Bridge Condition Index -- 2.4.3 Tunnel Condition Index -- 2.5 Automation, Emerging Technologies, and Futures Studies -- 2.6 Summary and Conclusion -- 2.7 Questions -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3 Advanced Images Processing Techniques -- Introduction -- 3.1 Preprocessing (PPS) -- 3.1.1 Edge Preservation Index (EPI) -- 3.1.2 Edge-Strength Similarity-Based Image Quality Metric (ESSIM) -- 3.1.3 QILV Index -- 3.1.4 Structural Content Index (SCI) -- 3.1.5 Signal-To-Noise Ratio Index (PSNR) -- 3.1.6 Computational time index (CTI) -- 3.2 Preprocessing Using Single-Level Methods -- 3.2.1 Single-Level Methods -- 3.2.2 Linear Location Filter (LLF) -- 3.2.3 Median Filter.

Front Cover -- How to Integrate Quality by Efficient Design (QbED) in Product Development -- How to Integrate Quality by Efficient Design (QbED) in Product Development -- Copyright -- Dedication -- How To Use -- Contents -- Biography of Bhavishya Mittal -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Expertise in Pharmaceutical Process Technology series -- 1. Format -- 2. Subject matter -- 3. Target audience -- 1 - Healthcare: a societal benchmark -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Global health-a sacred promise -- 1.1.2 Sustainable global health: a work in progress -- 1.2 An overview of the pharmaceutical industry -- 1.2.1 From botanicals to alkaloids -- 1.2.2 Impact of healthcare and pharmaceuticals on US economy -- 1.2.3 Impact on stock market -- 1.3 Trials and tribulations of pharmaceutical industry -- 1.3.1 Trend #1: fluctuations in pharmaceuticals' financial fortunes -- 1.3.1.1 General trends -- 1.3.1.2 Blockbuster drugs era -- 1.3.1.3 Renewed focus -- 1.3.2 Trend #2: Outsourcing. Outsourcing? Outsourcing! -- 1.3.2.1 Early days -- 1.3.2.2 Emergence of modern CDMO industry -- 1.3.2.3 Postfinancial crisis growth -- 1.3.3 Trend #3: increase in mergers and acquisitions -- 1.3.4 What's next-integrating our knowledge to enhance decision-making -- 1.4 Summary -- List of abbreviations -- References -- 2 - Pharmaceuticals: a highly innovative business -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Powerhouses of innovation-Apple versus Pfizer -- 2.1.2 Pharmaceutical innovation-a societal necessity -- 2.1.3 Sustainable Development Goals-a global call for urgent action -- 2.1.4 Global healthcare -- 2.2 Healthcare statistics of United States -- 2.2.1 Role of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in healthcare administration -- 2.2.2 Historical THE statistics in United States -- 2.2.3 Projected THE in United States till 2026.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Figures and Tables -- About the Editor and Authors -- Introduction -- PART 1. DISCIPLINARY APPROACHES -- 1 The Life Course and Aging in Historical Perspective -- The Life Course as an Interdisciplinary and Historical Concept -- Historical Changes in the Timing of Life Course Transitions -- Familial Timing and Changing Life Course Patterns -- Agenda: An Historical Phenomenology of the Life Course -- Citations -- 2 Biography, Autobiography and the Life Course -- 3 Mental Health Across the Family Life Cycle -- Introduction -- Method -- The Sample -- Data Analyses -- Income Adequacy Analyses -- Results -- General Well Being -- Symptoms -- Handling Worries and Unhappiness -- Discussion -- Family Life Stage Profiles -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 A Demographic Approach to the Life Cycle -- References -- PART 2. DISCIPLINES AND EXEMPLARY POPULATIONS -- 5 The Life Course of College Professors and Administrators -- The Men Who Were Studied -- Comparisons of the Social Scientists and Educators -- Area of Residence, Age 5-17 -- Religious Background -- Father's Occupational Status -- Statue of Institutions Served at Age 60 -- Approaching Retirement -- Age at Formal Retirement -- Fractions of Time Working for Pay -- Feelings on Approach of Retirement -- Adjustment to Retirement -- Sub-groups Among College Administrators -- Sub-groups Among Social Scientists -- Study of Publication Sub-groups -- Personality and Life Style Differences -- Personalty Traits That Differentiate Social Scientists From Educators -- Personality Traits That Differentiate High From Low Publishers Among Social Scientists -- Discussion -- Note -- References -- 6 Structure and Dynamics of the Individual Life Course -- Conceptual Background of the Model.

Cover -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Authors' Biography -- Contents -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 - Poverty in Rural Africa -- Introduction -- What poverty is and is not -- General classifications of poverty -- Types of poverty -- Rural poverty -- Main features of rural poverty -- The nexus between unemployment and poverty -- Causes of poverty -- Measurement of poverty -- Poverty eradication -- PWPs and stakeholders in poverty alleviation -- Conclusion -- Chapter 2 - Theory, Poverty and Development -- Introduction -- Poverty and human development -- Development theories -- The modernisation theory of development -- Criticisms of the modernisation theory -- The basic needs approach to development -- Criticisms of the basic needs development approach -- The neo-liberalism approach to development -- Criticisms of the neo-liberal approach -- The African renaissance approach -- Conclusion -- Chapter 3 - People-Centred Public Works Programmes, Poverty and Development -- Public works programmes -- Classification of PWPs -- Targeting in PWPs -- Models of PWPs -- Determinants of participation in PWPs -- Determination of wage rates and forms of payment -- Design and implementation of PWPs -- State led PWPs -- NGO and donour led PWPs -- The management, coordination and administration of PWPs -- Monitoring and Evaluation of PWPs -- Governance, politics of accountability and corruption in PWPs -- Why governments undertake PWPs -- Successes of PWPs -- Possible shortfalls of PWPs -- Conclusion -- Chapter 4 - Bridging the Gap between the Poor and the Rich through Public Works Programmes in Africa: Some Case Studies -- Introduction -- PWPs as development intervention -- Tanzania's experiences with PWPs -- PWPs in Tanzania -- The design of PWPs in Tanzania -- Role of Tanzanian PWPs in poverty alleviation

"Herewith the first biography of Sir William Luce, GBE, KCMG (1907-1977), the last member of the Sudan Political Service (finally as Adviser to the Governor-General on Constitutional and External Affairs, 1954-56), Governor and Commander-in-Chief, Aden (1956-60), Political Resident, Persian Gulf (1961-66), and Personal Representative of the Foreign Minister in the Gulf (1970-71). In these offices Luce was, in effect, responsible for winding up Britain's direct administrative responsibilities in much of the Arab world. His forward-looking and pragmatic policies and personal influence were instrumental in bringing about a successful transfer of power in the Sudan and a peaceful outcome to the Kuwait Crisis in 1961. Most importantly, his policies as Political Resident and his 'shuttle diplomacy' in 1970-71 led to the establishment of the United Arab Emirates and a peaceful outcome to the Arab-Iranian crisis over Abu Musa and the Tunbs. The author is the first scholar to be given unrestricted access to Sir William's voluminous private papers, which are still in the family's possession. Research has also been conducted in the Sudan Archive (Durham), the National Archives (Kew), and the National Archives (Washington, D.C.). The book contains previously unpublished material relating to Britain's foreign policy-making, and will be of especial interest to historians and commentators of the Gulf states, where Luce remains a figure of great historical importance"--Provided by publisher

The author of Bearing the Cross, the Pulitzer Prize'winning biography of Martin Luther King Jr., exposes the government's massive surveillance campaign against the civil rights leader When US attorney general Robert F. Kennedy authorized a wiretap of Martin Luther King Jr.'s phones by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, he set in motion one of the most invasive surveillance operations in American history. Sparked by informant reports of King's alleged involvement with communists, the FBI amassed a trove of information on the civil rights leader. Their findings failed to turn up any evidence of communist influence, but they did expose sensitive aspects of King's personal life that the FBI went on to use in its attempts to mar his public image. Based on meticulous research into the agency's surveillance records, historian David Garrow illustrates how the FBI followed King's movements throughout the country, bugging his hotel rooms and tapping his phones wherever he went, in an obsessive quest to destroy his growing influence. Garrow uncovers the voyeurism and racism within J. Edgar Hoover's FBI while unmasking Hoover's personal desire to destroy King. The spying only intensified once King publicly denounced the Vietnam War, and the FBI continued to surveil him until his death. The FBI and Martin Luther King, Jr. clearly demonstrates an unprecedented abuse of power by the FBI and the government as a whole

This article is dedicated to the analysis of the Russian School journal within the context of the development of émigré periodicals during the 1920s and 1930s. It presents the history and significance of the journal within the system of educational publications of the Russian diaspora. The study specifically investigates the role of Andrei Pavlov in the establishment and publication of the journal, particularly focusing on the financial support from various organizations in Subcarpathian Rus'. Utilizing archival sources, previously lesser-known facts from his biography are reconstructed. The mission of the journal, its structure, and thematic concerns are examined. It is emphasized that the editor perceived the primary objectives of the journal as combating the European spiritual crisis, discussing pressing issues in education and upbringing, providing methodological support for teachers and Russian schools in general, and objectively reporting on the state of Soviet education. Special attention is given to the authorship of the journal, which featured prominent representatives of émigré psychological and pedagogical science such as S. I. Hessen, V. V. Zenkovsky, G. Ya. Troshin, theorists and practitioners from the Czech school, as well as philosophers N. O. Lossky, I. I. Lapshin, and F. Pelikan. The conclusion drawn is that the Russian School journal continued the traditions of Russian pedagogical journals from the late 19th to early 20th centuries and served as a center for coordinating educational efforts among émigrés in the late 1930s.

The peer-reviewed monograph by Y. V. Truntsevsky and L. I. Belyaeva is devoted to the study of the life and work of the outstanding Russian lawyer, scientist and administrator E. G. Shirvindt (1891–1958). The authors focused their attention on his scientific works in the field of penitentiary, criminological and criminal legal science in general, as well as on the practical work of E. G. Shirvindt as the head of the Main Directorate of Places of Detention of the NKVD of the RSFSR (People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) and the first director of the State Institute for the Study of Crime and the Criminal – the predecessor of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation. The structure of the work is built on the principle of analyzing the "tangle of contradictions" in the history of the formation and development of criminal policy and criminal law science in the first decade of Soviet power, which, at the same time, became the key milestones in the biography of the main character of the book. The authors of the monograph have done an important work in terms of reanimating the scientific heritage of E. G. Shirvindt and rethinking the rich experience of his practical activities to reform the penal system, which makes the book are very relevant in today's conditions of functioning of the domestic penitentiary department.

The article deals with modern ethical collisions, the struggle between various kinds of utilitarian ethics and ethics of duty. The author considers Kant's ethics as a universal and valuable basis of worldview, characteristic of domestic philo­sophy as a whole, and, at the same time, relies on the basic ideas of Abdusalam Guseynov's ethical doctrine. The latter, at all stages of his work, develops humanistic implications of Kantian ethics. His ethics acts as a practical form of the theory of absolute morality of the subject. Humanity, in its concrete mani­festation, is the most important principle of constructing both ethics in general and the ethics of non-violence in particular. Non-violence is the most important component of moral teachings in all world religions and forms the central point of the practical philosophy by L.N. Tolstoy, M.L. King, and M. Gandhi. Despite the difference in their biographies and life activities, they all argue that the ideals of life and violent ways of achieving them are fundamentally incompatible. Also, they understood the meaning of life in a similar way – not as an abstract theo­retical postulate, but as a concrete practical action. It is practice, understood in the Bakhtinian sense that becomes a clear proof of the enduring power of ethics. The article is dedicated to the anniversary of Academician of the Russian Aca­demy of Sciences Abdusalam Guseynov, whose ethical research is the core of his creative biography.

The article presents an outline of the biography and the main phases of the scientific, political and teaching activities of Charles E. Merriam (1874—1953), setting the stage for the publication of the Russian translation of his work The Present State of the Study of Politics (1921). The author examines Merriam's contribution to the development of Political Science in the United States, primarily his New Science of Politics program, aimed at achieving a new quality of political research and teaching discipline, which should not be confined to the narrow framework of purely theoretical reflection. According to Merriam, only the update of methodological tools (in particular, widely borrowing methods from natural sciences, especially biology), productive interaction with other branches of knowledge and a general reorientation to systematic expert support of public administration can ensure the transformation of Political Science into a truly scientific discipline. The article analyzes the role of Merriam in the formation of the Chicago School of Political Studies, his participation in providing expertise to the public administration, including F.D.Roosevelt's New Deal. The article demonstrates that, being a product of its time, the canonical text of Merriam has not lost its relevance today, stimulating a new understanding of the criteria for the scientific nature of political knowledge and touching on a number of issues that are still acute for modern political scientists.

According to Buddhist literature, the Buddha spent the second part of his long life travelling through North-East India, teaching his doctrine wherever he decided to halt; and, as far as places are concerned, an analysis of the Pali Canon shows a clear prevalence of names of cities and towns. But, usually, the textual sources do not have the Buddha halting – or staying for the rainy season – and preaching inside built-up areas, but rather in areas just outside them, areas whose name is commonly translated as "park", "garden" or "grove", starting with the famous migadaya, the so-called Deer Park where he delivered his first sermon; and, in general, "parks" and "groves" are intimately connected to the entire biography of the Buddha. In these places we have often to see various kinds of reserves and orchards, and only occasionally the "pleasure parks" so well-known from kavya literature. Anyhow, whatever their original purpose, exactly in sites of this kind the textual sources locate the birth of the first Buddhist monasteries. This choice of Sakyamuni's halting places and the transformations of the places into permanent residences are probably to be considered as a deliberate strategy by the new creed to profitably occupy a sort of middle space between the forest – the domain of Brahmanic asceticism – and the city proper, the place of politics and commerce.

The history of German psychiatry is characterized not only by innovative thought in the tradition of Kraepelin and Jaspers, but also by the "euthanasia" program that resulted in the killing of more than 100,000 psychiatric patients and mentally handicapped people. Exemplified by the Psychiatric Department at the University of Heidelberg, the relation between psychiatric research and the systematic killing of patients during the time of National Socialism is analysed. The first part of the paper summarizes the historical background of the general condition of German psychiatry in the 1930s and 1940s. The second part gives an outline of the biography and work of Carl Schneider (1891-1946), head of the Psychiatric Department at Heidelberg until 1945. It can be shown that the call for intensive therapy for those patients who were to be reintegrated into society was connected with the killing of those who were considered to be beyond reach of any active therapeutic approach. This is also the context of C.Schneider's research program concerning mentally handicapped children. The historical reconstruction of research activities, drawing on the patients' files and other documents, reveals that out of 52 children who had been examined, 20 were killed in the asylum of Eichberg in order that their brains might be examined in Heidelberg. The findings are discussed in view of the ongoing historiographical debate on the relationship between the politics of National Socialism and contemporary science.