Suchergebnisse

La autora, que actualmente es una refugiada política en Austria, relata su trabajo como periodista palestina en las áreas conflictivas de Israel. Sus experiencias revelan las violaciones de Derechos Humanos y el genocidio cometido por las fuerzas armadas israelíes. Este artículo no sólo condena al estado de Israel sino que también cuestiona la falta de compromiso de los Estados Unidos y de Europa con el pueblo palestino y los acusa de apoyar el terror perpetrado por los ocupantes. ; The author, nowadays a political refugee in Austria, gives a report on her work as a Palestinian journalist in the conflict area in Israel. Her experiences reveal the violation of Human Rights and the genocide committed by the Israeli armed forces. The paper not only condemns the state of Israel but also questions the US and Europe's lack of commitment to the Palestinians and accuses them of supporting the terror perpetrated by the occupiers.

James Madison contributed much to political science and to the art and science of governing democratic regimes. A major contribution was his recognition of the multiple threats facing the newly established Confederation (see, e.g., Dougherty 2001). Madison was willing to invest heavily in converting these threats into new opportunities. In his "Preface to Debates in the Convention" ([1984] 1840, 19), Madison reflected on the causes for alarm. James Madison Award lecture presented at the American Political Science Association (APSA) Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C., September 1, 2005. The author is appreciative of support from the Ford Foundation, the MacArthur Foundation, and the National Science Foundation and useful comments by Bill Blomquist, Eric Coleman, Sue Crawford, Joshua P. Hill, Marco Janssen, Robert Keohane, Mike McGinnis, Lesa B. Morrison, Amy Poteete, Mike Schoon, David Schwab, and Kenneth Shepsle on an initial draft of this paper. As always, I deeply appreciate Patty Lezotte's careful editing.

AbstractThis "re-review" deals with the tourist guidebook of Prague, first published in 1881 and later as a reprint in 2002. In this discussion, the reviewer deals with both the structure of the period guide-book - including themes considered relevant for the tourist of the time as well as the book's attempt to present the city in the best possible light to visitors. Of particular interest is the guidebook's presentation of the array of nationalities (Czechs, Germans, Jews) living in the city. Although Czech and German communities had already become isolated from one another and the first violent conflicts had appeared when the guidebook was originally published, these issues were not reflected in the book. Rather, its author stubbornly worked to prove the age-long "Czechness" of Prague based on "historical facts." The reviewer finds equally surprising the book's effort to delete "German" traces in the history of Prague, such as omitting information on Mozart's visits to the city.

SUMMARY:
The article treats representations of history in Russian advertisements, primarily in the television ads directed at a society lacking a common historical memory and stereotypes. Therefore Russian advertising culture is explicitly ideological and far from the standards of political correctness. The image of the "glorious Russian past" is mostly confined to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and the notion of "empire." Against this background the article interprets the search for the considerably less clear semantics of the word "Russian" in the ads. Another trend is represented by the attempts to rehabilitate the problematic Soviet period. The images referring to this period stand for stability, tradition, and genuine humanity and are opposed to the western values of individual success and rationality. The author establishes the basic dichotomy of Russian advertisement culture – between "the past as history" and "the past as memory" (which corresponds to "popular history" versus "collective memory").

The artworks, especially those included among the so called "visual arts", they are seen nowadays surmised as a large quantity of appropriational effects. The political institutions, the museums, as well as the "specialists" –the art historian or the museum's curator- put in action these effects through their own actions and competences. All of that, not just speaking about the gesture of the signature or the politics of the name regarding the author, or also about this hermeneutic operation that means the proper sense, and the ownership of the meaning exposed in the artwork. To this question, the mind of Jacques Derrida thinks of an inapropriable instance in the artwork, a kind of invisibility operating in the visual arts that makes nevertheless possible all these effects of appropriation. To this complex movement of misappropriation implicit in the sign that appropriates the artwork, or about the artwork, Jacques Derrida gives the name of expropriation. The artwork is always expropriated artwork.

Today workers change jobs more frequently than in the past & worker knowledge about production has become a valuable commodity. As a result, the issue of who owns workers' knowledge has become highly contentious. In the United States, there has been an explosion of litigation & disputes over trade secrets & post-employment covenants. This article examines current legal trends concerning the issue of who owns the workers' human capital from the perspective of broader changes in the nature of the employment relationship. It describes the new employment relationship as one in which employers implicitly promise to provide employees with training, human capital development, networking opportunities, employability, & other means to succeed in a boundaryless labour market. The author argues that current trends by which courts liberally enforce post-termination restraints & grant employers broad trade secret protection are out of step with the terms of the new employment relationship. References. Adapted from the source document.

The second half of this work offers a "Brief Discourse on Pluralism." Its purpose is to highlight the categories of relation & multiplicity against the opposite concepts of term & unity. Such emphasis merely acknowledges what has been taking place in various disciplines for some time, an attempt that today has a special urgency, given the many striking developments in the sciences that we cannot comprehend adequately -- or even accept -- without changes in our basic categories. The first half provides appropriate background. It looks at intersubjectivity, showing how Edmund Husserl struggled between two conflicting viewpoints: the reality of human relations & the strictly subjective stance. We quote a few fragments from his posthumous drafts to let the illustrious author speak for himself & to demonstrate how uncertain his thoughts were on the subject. Husserl repeatedly used the term "monad." A few quotations from Leibniz's Monadology should make clear why. Adapted from the source document.

In this essay in the special section Mobilization Forum: Awkward Movements, the dilemma of awkward strategies, such as violence, is explored in terms of the conflicted motivations to protect a movement from repression, as well as their image. Striking the balance within that tension is exemplified in two versions of a personal narrative of fieldwork experiences with the congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) in South Africa at the height of the State of Emergency. Analysis of the experience highlights four points usually glossed over that reveal the protective & strategic motivations behind the silences. Although the author does not feel the four silenced details change the conclusions drawn from the experience, questions of researcher relationship to the portrayal of the movements awkward moments indicates the need to determine how to tell when protection slides over in dishonesty, & leads to active misrepresentation of the character of social movements. J. Harwell

Dr. VladimirVasiliev in his article Tension in the ASEAN and around over Myanmar question and Myanmar's efforts to find new world partners describes Myanmar's present external and internal difficulties (non-admission to chairing the 2006 ASEAN meeting, economic and other sanctions imposed by the US and EU and constant criticism leveled by the West and some ASEAN countries over Myanmar delay with promised democratic reforms). This seems to have greatly fatigued Myanmar's ruling junta and it has decided to make certain changes in its foreign policy accents toward enlargement and differentiation of its international partners. As a result Myanmar established closer ties with India, renewed its broad cooperation with Russia, reestablished diplomatic relations with North Korea (in addition to long-time close ties with China). The author believes that the Myanmar junta, making these rearrangements, hopes to raise its poor international image and standing, improve and diversify economically and to rearm as far as possible.

As in many developing countries, the Mali government's approach to seed management is becoming increasingly centralised, revolving around: (1) research programmes to create high-yielding varieties; and (2) collecting and storing germplasm in centralised genebanks for multiplication and distribution to farmers. However, it seems that not only do governments in developing countries lack the budget either to properly conserve these collections or take stock of what they have, but that national seed departments are unable to disseminate information about new varieties to rural areas. As a consequence, less than 5% of the sorghum and millet currently grown in Mali is improved varieties. This paper explores the potential for grassroots level seed management to fill a gap in the seed distribution system in a way which maintains and promotes genetic diversity. The author draws on long-term and in-depth research into farmers' seed management strategies on more than 600 farms in eastern Mali.

El planeamiento del autor hace referencia a como el ordenamiento territorial y el control –estatal, comunal o privado– de los recursos estratégicos del país serán el tema central de debate en la Asamblea Constituyente de Bolivia. Garcés pasa revista a las propuestas de las organizaciones y del gobierno boliviano y finaliza señalando que será un desafío para la Asamblea y para el gobierno de Morales tomar en cuenta los planteamientos de las organizaciones indígenas y campesinas del país. ; The approach of the author makes reference to how territorial ordering and control-state, communal and private-of strategic resources are central themes of debate in Bolivia's Constituent Assembly. Garcés provides an over view of the proposals of organizations and of Bolivian government and concludes by indicating that it will be a challenge for the Assembly and for the Morales government to take into account the proposals of the indigenous and peasant organizations.

Kant is generally conceived to have offered little attention to the fact that we experience the world in and through our bodies. This book argues that this standard image of the great German philosopher is radically wrong. Not only does Kant - throughout his career and in works published before and after the Critique of pure reason - reflect constantly upon the fact that human life is embodied, but the Critique of pure reason itself may be read as a critical reflection aimed at exploring some significant philosophical implications of this fact. Bringing this aspect of Kant's philosophy into focus is important, not only because it sheds new light on our understanding of Kant's work, but also because it is relevant to contemporary discussions in philosophy about embodiment, learning and practice. By taking his philosophy of embodiment into account, the author makes Kant stand out as a true contemporary in new and unexpected ways.

This article examines the central instrument of international law enforcement within the International Covenant on Civil & Political Rights (ICCPR), the mandatory system of state reporting. It analyzes the impact of the reporting procedure on national human rights policies, factors undermining its effectiveness, & the potential of the reform process to help strengthen the procedure & contribute to its enforcement. The author argues that (1) despite restricted competences & limited resources, the reporting procedure contributes to a certain extent to compliance de jure. But it is difficult to establish whether the procedure contributes to the de facto improvement of national human rights performance. (2) The procedure suffers from a heavy workload & lacks the necessary recognition & publicity. (3) The current plans for a reform of the treaty bodies might help to overcome some of the problems mentioned in this article, others will remain in the foreseeable future. Tables. Adapted from the source document.

In this Top Twenty Commentaries section of the Centennial Issues of the journal, the author reviews the most cited article in the history of the journal, Bachrach & Baratz' Two Faces of Power(1962). A summary of the article states that they bypassed past controversies to assume an antitrust perspective of a complex game of rigging rules & squeezing out competition. The approach addressed the question of what might not be revealed in immediately observable transactions through assessing the flow of the decision process to fathom the constraints of decisions. Standing on the shoulders of Schattschneider, Bachrach & Baratz argued that the contours of conflict are a manifestation of power, forming an important link between the notions of the mobilization of bias & current interest in the new institutionalism. The article is concluded to have expanded the ground rules for the study of political power to allow freely for qualitative assessment informed by normative concerns. References. J. Harwell