Suchergebnisse

This paper aims at showing how Gadamer understood the impossibility of any properly unpolitical stance for philosophy by examining the relation of philosophy and politics in his interpretation of Plato's Republic . I argue that Gadamer's rejection of the possibility of the ἄπολις (as presented by Aristotle) was prompted by the thoughts of his friend and interlocutor Leo Strauss on the question of the relation of the theoretical life and political life in Platonic-Aristotelian philosophy. I then turn to Gadamer's reading of the Republic and focus on three aspects of his interpretation: philosophical education in the context of utopian thinking, the Forms and the Idea of the Good, and philosophical knowledge. Tied together, these three elements convene a picture of philosophy that is by no means above or against politics, but rather exists in a harmonious and mutually influencing relation with the political community. I finally suggest that the interpretive conditions of this harmony are not without consequence on how we conceive of philosophy itself, its nature and its task.

Part I General background -- The state of devolution and decentralisation in social security, a comparative European analysis: an introduction to this edited volume (Paul Schoukens & Gijsbert Vonk) -- Federalism and devolution in social security (Danny Pieters) -- Sharing power with employers and employees: a tried and proven form of functional decentralisation in Europe (Ulrich Becker) -- Part II Country reports -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Austria (Verena Zwinger) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Belgium (Jessie De Weyer & Paul Schoukens) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in the Czech Republic (Jakub Tomšej) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Germany (Stephan Rixen) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Hungary (Gb̀or Juhs̀z) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Italy (Mario Battaglini) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in the Netherlands (Annette Jansen & Gijsbert Vonk) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Slovenia (Luka Mišič & Grega Strban) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Spain (Borja Sur̀ez Corujo) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Sweden (Titti Mattsson & Elin Osbeck) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Switzerland (Thomas Gc̃hter & Thuy Xuan Truong) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in Turkey (Galip Emre Yildirim) -- Devolution and decentralisation in social security: the situation in the United Kingdom (Guto Ifan & Ed Gareth Poole)

Проаналізовано сучасні загрози та виклики системі європейської безпеки та їхній вплив на розвиток міжнародно-правового співробітництва держав-членів Європейського Союзу у оборонній сфері. З'ясовано роль Європейського Союзу в архітектурі європейської безпеки. Акцентовано увагу на поступових кроках Європейського Союзу в напрямку переходу з позиції «споживача» безпеки на позицію, досягти якої прагне європейська спільнота – «творця» безпеки. Досліджено основні міжнародно-правові механізми співробітництва держав-членів Європейського Союзу в сфері оборони. Розглянуто перспективи подальшого посилення співпраці в оборонній сфері на рівні ЄС. ; Анализируются современные угрозы и вызовы системе европейской безопасности и их влияние на развитие международно-правового сотрудничества государств-членов Европейского Союза в сфере обороны. Определяется роль Европейского Союза в архитектуре европейской безопасности. Акцентируется внимание на постепенных шагах Европейского Союза в направлении перехода с позиции «потребителя» безопасности на позицию, достичь которой стремится европейское сообщество – «творца» безопасности. Исследованы основные международно-правовые механизмы сотрудничества государств-членов Европейского Союза в сфере обороны. Рассмотрены перспективы дальнейшего усиления сотрудничества в оборонной сфере на уровне ЕС. ; Nowadays the European Union part in the process of formation of international legal mechanism of cooperation in the sphere of security and defence has considerably grown and continues to grown. With the appearance of a series of new challenges and threats the question of counteraction them has increased.The international-legal mechanisms of European Union country-members cooperation in the sphere of defence, investigated in the article are the legal basis for the further development of the European security system. The investigation of the EU country-members cooperation in the sphere of defence gives the opportunity to make clear the EU part in the general architecture of the European and global security and to predict the possibilities of the further strengthening of EU cooperation in the sphere of defence.It is necessary emphasize that the achievement of the high level of European security can be provided only by effort integration of EU bodies and structures, the activity of which is to be directed the constant improvement of international legal mechanisms of cooperation in the sphere of security and defence.It must be stressed that none of such threats can't be liquidated with military means exclusively. It is necessary to use a certain set of instruments to counteract each of such threats which the EU has, they are: common operations on disarmament; humanitarian and rescuing operations, granting of military advice and help, prevention of conflicts and peace support and others. Besides, though the regional conflicts first of all need political decisions, the necessity in military means can appear at any stage of the conflict. It must be mentioned, that the EU has different instruments on its disposal, to react at such many-sided situations. This day a system of bodies has been formed, to support the EU defence policy realization. Besides, the constant structural cooperation within the Union has been settled for the EU member-states whose military potential satisfies the highest criteria, and who have close obligations in this sphere concerning each other (PESKO).At the same time, the systems analysis of the current state of security system legal control in the context of global challenges and threats nowadays, and the real ability to resist them in dependently, gives the opportunity to confirm that the European Union, as an independent player in the European security architecture, is on its phase of formation today.

Nowadays the European Union part in the process of formation of international legal mechanism of cooperation in the sphere of security and defence has considerably grown and continues to grown. With the appearance of a series of new challenges and threats the question of counteraction them has increased.The international-legal mechanisms of European Union country-members cooperation in the sphere of defence, investigated in the article are the legal basis for the further development of the European security system. The investigation of the EU country-members cooperation in the sphere of defence gives the opportunity to make clear the EU part in the general architecture of the European and global security and to predict the possibilities of the further strengthening of EU cooperation in the sphere of defence.It is necessary emphasize that the achievement of the high level of European security can be provided only by effort integration of EU bodies and structures, the activity of which is to be directed the constant improvement of international legal mechanisms of cooperation in the sphere of security and defence.It must be stressed that none of such threats can't be liquidated with military means exclusively. It is necessary to use a certain set of instruments to counteract each of such threats which the EU has, they are: common operations on disarmament; humanitarian and rescuing operations, granting of military advice and help, prevention of conflicts and peace support and others. Besides, though the regional conflicts first of all need political decisions, the necessity in military means can appear at any stage of the conflict. It must be mentioned, that the EU has different instruments on its disposal, to react at such many-sided situations. This day a system of bodies has been formed, to support the EU defence policy realization. Besides, the constant structural cooperation within the Union has been settled for the EU member-states whose military potential satisfies the highest criteria, and who have close obligations in this sphere concerning each other (PESKO).At the same time, the systems analysis of the current state of security system legal control in the context of global challenges and threats nowadays, and the real ability to resist them in dependently, gives the opportunity to confirm that the European Union, as an independent player in the European security architecture, is on its phase of formation today. ; Анализируются современные угрозы и вызовы системе европейской безопасности и их влияние на развитие международно-правового сотрудничества государств-членов Европейского Союза в сфере обороны. Определяется роль Европейского Союза в архитектуре европейской безопасности. Акцентируется внимание на постепенных шагах Европейского Союза в направлении перехода с позиции «потребителя» безопасности на позицию, достичь которой стремится европейское сообщество – «творца» безопасности. Исследованы основные международно-правовые механизмы сотрудничества государств-членов Европейского Союза в сфере обороны. Рассмотрены перспективы дальнейшего усиления сотрудничества в оборонной сфере на уровне ЕС. ; Проаналізовано сучасні загрози та виклики системі європейської безпеки та їхній вплив на розвиток міжнародно-правового співробітництва держав-членів Європейського Союзу у оборонній сфері. З'ясовано роль Європейського Союзу в архітектурі європейської безпеки. Акцентовано увагу на поступових кроках Європейського Союзу в напрямку переходу з позиції «споживача» безпеки на позицію, досягти якої прагне європейська спільнота – «творця» безпеки. Досліджено основні міжнародно-правові механізми співробітництва держав-членів Європейського Союзу в сфері оборони. Розглянуто перспективи подальшого посилення співпраці в оборонній сфері на рівні ЄС.

Nowadays the European Union part in the process of formation of international legal mechanism of cooperation in the sphere of security and defence has considerably grown and continues to grown. With the appearance of a series of new challenges and threats the question of counteraction them has increased.The international-legal mechanisms of European Union country-members cooperation in the sphere of defence, investigated in the article are the legal basis for the further development of the European security system. The investigation of the EU country-members cooperation in the sphere of defence gives the opportunity to make clear the EU part in the general architecture of the European and global security and to predict the possibilities of the further strengthening of EU cooperation in the sphere of defence.It is necessary emphasize that the achievement of the high level of European security can be provided only by effort integration of EU bodies and structures, the activity of which is to be directed the constant improvement of international legal mechanisms of cooperation in the sphere of security and defence.It must be stressed that none of such threats can't be liquidated with military means exclusively. It is necessary to use a certain set of instruments to counteract each of such threats which the EU has, they are: common operations on disarmament; humanitarian and rescuing operations, granting of military advice and help, prevention of conflicts and peace support and others. Besides, though the regional conflicts first of all need political decisions, the necessity in military means can appear at any stage of the conflict. It must be mentioned, that the EU has different instruments on its disposal, to react at such many-sided situations. This day a system of bodies has been formed, to support the EU defence policy realization. Besides, the constant structural cooperation within the Union has been settled for the EU member-states whose military potential satisfies the highest criteria, and who have close obligations in this sphere concerning each other (PESKO).At the same time, the systems analysis of the current state of security system legal control in the context of global challenges and threats nowadays, and the real ability to resist them in dependently, gives the opportunity to confirm that the European Union, as an independent player in the European security architecture, is on its phase of formation today. ; Анализируются современные угрозы и вызовы системе европейской безопасности и их влияние на развитие международно-правового сотрудничества государств-членов Европейского Союза в сфере обороны. Определяется роль Европейского Союза в архитектуре европейской безопасности. Акцентируется внимание на постепенных шагах Европейского Союза в направлении перехода с позиции «потребителя» безопасности на позицию, достичь которой стремится европейское сообщество – «творца» безопасности. Исследованы основные международно-правовые механизмы сотрудничества государств-членов Европейского Союза в сфере обороны. Рассмотрены перспективы дальнейшего усиления сотрудничества в оборонной сфере на уровне ЕС. ; Проаналізовано сучасні загрози та виклики системі європейської безпеки та їхній вплив на розвиток міжнародно-правового співробітництва держав-членів Європейського Союзу у оборонній сфері. З'ясовано роль Європейського Союзу в архітектурі європейської безпеки. Акцентовано увагу на поступових кроках Європейського Союзу в напрямку переходу з позиції «споживача» безпеки на позицію, досягти якої прагне європейська спільнота – «творця» безпеки. Досліджено основні міжнародно-правові механізми співробітництва держав-членів Європейського Союзу в сфері оборони. Розглянуто перспективи подальшого посилення співпраці в оборонній сфері на рівні ЄС.

The relevance of this study is that the foreign policy of countries in different regions of the world in the 21st century is a significant determinant that affects the overall international political process and world politics and is the consequence of past international relations. One of the consequences of the development of Brazil and Argentina and the rapid deterioration of Venezuela was international relations with the Soviet Union in the 20th century. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyse the influence of the Soviet Union on the establishment and current role of Brazil, Argentina and Venezuela in world politics, based on the literature search. The study used the bibliographic method, analysis and synthesis, comparison and induction. It was established that the Soviet Union's international relations with its "American friends" were designed to deplete resources, develop dependence and achieve hegemony in the region, compared to the United States. It is determined that the USSR, in pursuit of leadership over the Latin American region, tried to introduce the ideas of socialism to South America, using mainly commodity relations. Proof of this influence is the establishment of Venezuela, which was influenced by the Soviet Union, followed its ideas and is now the worst-developed country in the region, in contrast to Brazil and Argentina, which, due to alienation, were able to develop both their economic and political position and role in the international arena. The practical significance of this study is manifested in the fact that the results of this work allow an understanding of some aspects of political phenomena for the final use of positive experience in modern political transformations

"This title was first published in 2002: Designed as a research text for academics in higher education and interested practitioners, this volume weaves together an original strand of international relations theory with key empirical case studies of the United States, United Kingdom, France and Sweden, and their attitudes towards the Soviet Union. Original in nature and composition, the book deals with aspects of predictability in foreign policy and gauges the level of impact that international events have on domestic levels of awareness. The hypothesis and the typology are solid, giving the book its strong analytical structure. In sum, this book is cutting edge. It will be of great use as a research text to those studying the countries of Western Europe, and also those with an interest in Russia and the Soviet Union. Given its strong theoretical content and its choices of case study, this cross-disciplinary text is also suitable for area studies in general."--Provided by publisher.

The article examines the attitudes and experiences of senior workplace trade union representatives, from the Manufacturing, Science and Finance Union, against the TUC's six principles of partnership. The findings suggest some acceptance of the ideological aspects of partnership, such as the need to move away from adversarial cultures and understand the impact of market imperatives and pressures on the firm. The results reveal little support, however, for improvements in job security, transparency and involvement and the quality of working life (the TUC's so‐called "acid test" of partnership). Against a backdrop of job insecurity and widespread work intensification, the article argues that the material and organisational basis to partnership appears to be undermining various attitudinal changes within the thinking of trade union representatives regarding their roles and relations at work.

AbstractThe articles in this special issue test a range of historiographical assumptions – for example, about periodisation (most importantly when legal integration 'began') as well as about the definition of the purported object of study (the seemingly 'constitutional' character of the process of European legal integration) – which have been central to the interpretative baseline established by legal scholars and political scientists over the last several decades. Building on a similar critique of that baseline, this article argues that integration can profitably be understood, in legal-historical terms, as a denationalised expression of diffuse and fragmented (that is, 'administrative') governance. The basic elements of that governance emerged in Western Europe over the course of the inter-war and post-war decades, and these elements have continued to shape EU legal history up to the present.

At the outbreak of the Second World War the Union of South Africa was military unprepared and divided politically. The division into supporters and opponents of the war against Germany was clear, both in the Parliament, as well as in South African society, particularly among large parts of the Afrikaners it manifested itself as significant political support and public acceptance of the ideology of Adolf Hitler and the Third Reich. The moderate Afrikaners and first of all the English‑speaking population supported joining the war on the side of the Allies. In the parliament, the issue has led to a government crisis. The Union of South Africa as a British Dominion finally declared war on Nazi Germany. In a relatively short time the state was able to prepare its institutions, society and economy for participation in the war. An important role in the consolidation of the political elite and society in the fight against Nazi Germany on the side of to the Allies was played J.C. Smuts.