Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this work is to generalise the characteristics of the concepts of "voice philosophy" and "timbre-role" accepted in modern musicology, which indicate the non-artistic meaning of expressiveness of singing, which, together with the artistic and plot indicators, give capacity to its metaphorical essence. The methodological basis is culturalised musicology, as presented in the works of the heirs of B. Asafiev in Ukraine, namely in the works, except for the author of this essay, by D. Androsova, M. Davydov, I. Zinkiv, O. Kozarenko, O. Muravska, O. Roschenko, N. Syrotynska, the works of G. Adler, M. Grappler, R. Ingarden, in which the synthesis of musicological analysis and humanitarian and cultural comparative analysis is embedded in the awareness of the expressive self-importance of performing creativity. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time in a theoretical and logical exposition, the conceptual contents of the terms "timbre-role", "voice philosophy" are presented, which were introduced by the authors of the studies in the generalisation of musicological observations, summarising the understanding of the vivid performance-pedagogical discoveries of the dissertations completed under the supervision of by the author of this essay, O. Markova, and stated in this conceptual interpretation in the 2015 book, subsequently tested in research by representatives of the specified scientific school. Conclusions. The analysis of the stages of introduction and approbation of the accepted terms "timbre-role", "voice philosophy" shows that logically and chronologically the first of the named - "timbre-role" was the most basic, which proved to be valuable due to the generalisation of the cultural and symbolic beginnings of singing skills, moreover, in volumes of both European, genetically ecclesiastical, vocals, and singing-singing of the Chinese opera tradition. The observation of historical changes in the interpretation of male and female voices, the "absorption" by both of them of the primary syncretic masculinity of singing sound expression in general provides the foundations of the "philosophy of the voice", "speculative theory of singing" (compared with the concept of "speculative theory of music" in relation to the designation of musical aesthetics in the 19th century), in which the ideal-extraordinary beginning leads to a distinction with the speech intonation layer, which attests to the essential sound life.
Keywords: timbre-role, philosophy of voice, style in art, genre in music, vocal, singing.

The purpose of the article is to outline the style of songs written by B.-Yu. Yanivskyi for his collection "Vyshneva Vikhola" ("Cherry Snowstorm") for solo and duet performance considering their inspirations, intentions, and means of musical-and-verbal interaction through the optics of the category of the "eminent text" (according to H.-G. Gadamer), as well the socio-cultural terms of the époque. The methods of the studies are based on the integration of the philosophic and art-studies approaches which help to highlight the eminent characteristics of the samples of the composer's pop-song creativity. System-analytical, intermediate, typological methods of music-poetry studies of the song components in dialogue and, sometimes, polylogue interactions of music, poetry, and borrowed theatre techniques have been applied. Methods of generalisation and reflection enabled the author to trace the inspirations and intentions of B.-Yu. Yanivskyi's appeals to entertaining music in the time of the Soviet Union. The scientific novelty of the research lies in an attempt of the contextual and intermediate analysis of the songs of the "Vyshneva Vikhola" collection, as the eminent texts. Conclusions. B. Yu. Yanivskyi's professionalism of a composer, pianist, and concertmaster contributed to the creation of the artistically perfect samples of the pop-song genre. Vocal and piano parts make the suggestive potential of the poetic background more distinct and, at the same time, enrich them in an intermediate and eminent ways. Inspirations of B.-Yu. Yanivskyi's song-writing style-formation were the national and local musical folklore, Galician traditions of song-entertaining genres and types of music-making, which absorbed the elements of song-and-dance art of other countries, along with preserving their unique features. Composer's intentions were to popularise the entertainment songs of that time and to prove, that Ukrainian pop-song can be self-sufficient, that it can preserve the national identity at the same time organically reinterpreting the best of the Western heritage. Pop-music semiosis of B.-Yu. Yanivskyi embrace a wide range of intonation-rhythmic, harmonic, and textural marks of various genesis, which altogether make up the unique style of the author.
Keywords: composer B.-Yu. Yanivskyi, pop-song genre, intermediality, eminent text, song, duet, piano part.

Amidst dramatic transformation of international relations, both traditional and new actors are undergoing major changes. The multinational corporations (MNCs), which have dramatically strengthened their positions in the world economy and politics since the middle of the 20th century due to favorable economic environment, as well as their ability to quickly convert considerable material, financial, intellectual and institutional resources into political clout, are no exception. All this points to the need to address MNCs as full-fledged political entities and examine their impact on traditional actors in a changing international context. The first section examines various approaches to conceptualization of the evolution of MNCs as actors of world politics. It also identifies the specifics of their position within the framework of the contemporary international relations system. The author focuses on such trends as digitalization, growing influence of companies with a platform business model, increasing engagement of corporations in addressing global issues, scaling up investments in the host countries' infrastructure through new formats of public-private partnership, as well as growth in the number of state-owned TNCs. The second section examines the activities of TNCs as political actors in contemporary international relations from two angles. On the one hand, it considers the TNCs' operations in terms of power, legitimacy and sovereignty that is how these categories manifest themselves in the activities of corporations and their interactions with other actors and society. On the other hand, it poses the question about how various trends in the development of TNCs, in turn, affect the content and essence of these categories. The author concludes that cooperation with TNCs offers national states new economic, social and political opportunities. At the same time, corporations are becoming increasingly autonomous, which can have a serious impact on conventional ideas of power, legitimacy and sovereignty, up to the erosion of the state monopoly on legitimate violence. The latter may have a serious impact on conventional ideas of power, legitimacy and sovereignty, up to the erosion of the state monopoly on legitimate violence. There is thus a pressing need to further study various types of TNCs, their functioning and interactions with individual countries, as well as the impact of new technologies, in particular, artificial intelligence on corporate activities.

This personal and experiential account reflects on the transition the author has made from working as a midwife and health visitor to becoming a clinical academic within a university setting. This was a shift between a profession with a very clear sense of itself and one where there
are a large number of spoken and unspoken issues - of status, professionalism, class, gender, to name a few. These can reinforce a sense of imposter syndrome among people whose trajectories into academia have not been traditional and unilinear. A commonly-shared difficulty in internalising
academic success, reinforced by dominant ideas about what academics are/should be like, is embedded in the institutional discourses that circulate in academic environments, particularly for working-class academics. 'First in family' students are much less likely to attend a Russell
Group university, and are also more likely to drop out; and this filter means that many fewer become academics. Certain subjects are also perceived as being of higher value; for example English Literature is held in higher esteem than a vocational course such as nursing. Indeed, this notion
of being 'lesser than' also applies to higher education institutions: the author's place of work, Birmingham City University, with its roots in a former polytechnic, is supposedly inferior to its geographical neighbour, the University of Birmingham. In reflecting on the current
neoliberal landscape in HE, the author argues that a recognition of the equal value of vocational courses is urgently required - for students, for academics, and for the future of the whole sector. There is also discussion of the usefulness of the pedagogy of vocational training for other
areas of teaching. The article includes an exploration of some of the wider problems in the current neoliberal higher education landscape. It also discusses another, more particular, source for a personal sense of dissonance for HE academics in this field. The narrative from the university
is that students are customers: they pay considerable fees to complete the course and should leave with a degree and a professional qualification. Academic regulations are skewed towards delivering a commodity to the students, sometimes to the detriment of what is surely the key priority -
to ensure that future practitioners are qualified, and possess the skills and attributes necessary to deliver safe, patient-centred care.

This article is devoted to a review of G.I. Khanin's new book, which presents the author's assessment of the course and results of the first five-year plan. The article is not a summary of this book, but an attempt to re-think the process of implementing the principles of planning and directive management of the economy and social sphere in Soviet Russia. G.I. Khanin's book presents and substantiates alternative assessments of the economic development of the country and it shows that the annual plans were not implemented and control figures of the five-year plan as a whole were not achieved contrary to the claims of the states' leadership. The book concludes that industrialization has a high cost. This review paper explains the high relevance of this book, since the ideas of transition to a mobilization economy and the recreation of a centralized planning system in one form or another to accelerate economic growth and, more broadly, to modernize the economy and society have become widespread in current scientific literature and journalism. Based on the content of the book under discussion, the author of this review paper examines the problem of the correlation between modernization and economic growth. He shows that during the years of the first five-year plan, against a background of significant economic growth and serious efforts to expand education and the network of scientific institutions, the processes of archaization of the society took place as well as new mechanisms of social stratification were formed. The discussed monograph draws an important conclusion that domestic statistics during the first five-year plan falsified not only monetary, but also natural indicators. The book shows that the so-called ten-year plans resulted in the disorganization of economic life, disproportions and, according to G.I. Khanin, the transition from economic fantasy to "bacchanal planning". The author of the review paper also shows that the historical and economic study of the USSR is far from being completed, and he concludes that quantitative estimates and especially qualitative conclusions need to be adjusted as new information sources are discovered and involved in the scientific turnover, as well as the previously obtained data should be compared and reconsidered.

The book under review is a new research by Cameroonian scholar Francois Xavier Noah Edzimbi 'Russia and the West in Central Africa: How African countries can adapt to the challenges of the post-bipolar era' ('La Russie face aux Occidentaux en Afrique centrale: Pour un arrimage des Africains aux enjeux de puissance post-bipolarite'), published in France in 2022. The reviewer emphasizes that in the context of a new exacerbation of great power rivalry on the African continent this research is particularly relevant since it shows how the situation is perceived directly in Africa, which in turn can help Russia better understand the worldviews of Central African partners and develop a more balanced policy in the region. The book under review synthesizes the elements of realist and constructivist approaches in order to provide a comprehensive view of interactions between African states and extra-regional powers, their respective interests and values. The research focuses on the reasons for Russia's growing presence in Central Africa. It is in this context, and in order to illuminate the specifics of Russia's foreign policy in the region that the author addresses the approaches of other actors (namely, the United States and France) towards the relations with African states in the post-bipolar era. According to N. Edzimbi, Russian foreign policy in Central Africa is rather ambiguous: on the one hand, Russia counterbalances the influence of the United States and France, but, on the other hand, it pursues its own pragmatic goals and in this sense differs little from other leading powers. The author argues that despite seemingly friendly rhetoric, all global actors regard Central Africa as yet another arena of interstate rivalry, and suggests that the African countries should develop an independent foreign policy strategy, including, among other things, a force component. At the same time, the Cameroonian researcher emphasizes that this issue can be addressed if African states overcome the 'learned helplessness syndrome' and abandon the subordinate role in favor of developing their own power policy. The reviewer concludes that this work may be of interest to a wide range of readers, but it will be especially useful for specialists in African studies and international relations experts who specialize on the challenges faced by Africa and on the Russian-African relations.

Purpose
This paper aims to unpack the nexus of development and demography controlling for three important variables to represent the meaning of development, that is, poverty rate, unemployment rate and human development index (HDI). Demographic variables are proxied with total fertility rate (TFR) and net migration rate (NMR).


Design/methodology/approach
This research applies cluster analysis at the provincial level using INDO-DAPOER and 2015 Intercensal Population Survey data sets.


Findings
Demographic and development status of Indonesian provinces can be classified into four clusters, and members of these clusters are mostly dissimilar with those of previous groupings on demographic dividends (Adioetomo, 2018). With only less than 50% matching rate, the author argues that there is no simple linear relationship between demographic and development variables.


Research limitations/implications
The most recent data set on Population Census Year 2020 has not been made available at the time of the writing. Also sometimes known as unsupervised classification, cluster analysis is about finding groups in a set of objects characterised only by certain measurements; therefore, findings of this study need to be positioned solely within the context of development and demography.


Practical implications
Taxonomy in this study offers a more nuanced and contextual understanding of the diverse challenges at the local and regional levels. Recommendations from this study lead to asymmetrical design in development policies and budget proportions at local levels.


Social implications
It is expected that the findings are relevant to the input of policymaking process within the sphere of development and demography, especially for countries with significant size of populations and grappling with development issues.


Originality/value
To the author's understanding, this paper is the first to discuss the impact of "demographic dividend" to economic development in Indonesia using the approach of cluster analysis. The expected contribution of this work is twofold: Firstly, the author would like to ignite a discourse on the nexus of development and demography using the most recent data set and cutting-edge method. Secondly, the findings are relevant to the input of policymaking process within the sphere of development and demography, especially for countries with significant size of populations and grappling with development issues.

When setting the goal and objectives of this article, the author proceeded from the fact that the well-studied early history of the palace settlements (dvortsovoe settlements) of Moscow uyezd and other central uyezds of the Russian State is very rarely integrated into the study of their current state, largely formed under the influence of their past as palace settlements. The sources for the article comprise numerous reference books on the history of the former palace estates, as well as online resources based on official primary sources on the current state of particular settlements. The author has identified the main socio-demographic characteristics of 162 out of the 178 settlements included in the List of palace volosts and villages for 1705. The settlements whose historical fate has not been identified are either those whose names have changed beyond recognition or the ones that have completely melted into other settlements. A quantitative analysis of various administrative and socio-demographic parameters of the former palace villages, first of all, made it possible to trace changes in the settlement status of the former palace villages of Central Russia in the 18th - early 21st centuries and to reveal isolated cases of the complete disappearance of the former palace settlements. The analysis of the changes in the administrative status of the former palace villages has shown that the potential given to them when they were founded, was eventually instrumental in the transformation of the two-thirds of them into local administrative centers. The article interprets population growth in 70% of studied palace settlements, which continued up to the end of the 20th century, as an indicator of their successful demographic development. A study of the socio-economic development of the palace villages led to the conclusion that many of them in the 18th-19th centuries became and now remain local commercial, industrial and socio-cultural centers. In conclusion, the article states that a number of long-term historical, historical-geographical, historical-cultural factors contributed to successful, and unparalleled at present, socio-demographic development of almost one and a half hundred former palace settlements. This relative success manifested itself against the backdrop of the withering of thousands of Russian rural settlements.

30 years after the end of the Cold War, bipolar structure still dominates in the nuclear sphere, although certain nuclear powers are closing the gap with Russia and the United States in terms of strategic arsenals and the system of world politics in general is moving towards polycentrism. At the same time, as US-Russian relations continue to deteriorate against the backdrop of the 'Ukrainian crisis', the prospects for strategic dialogue after the expiration of the Treaty on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (New START) are becoming increasingly vague. The absence of a new agreement in this field threatens to throw international relations back to the beginning of the Cold War, with all the ensuing consequences. To avoid such a scenario, not only the leaders of Russia and the United States should demonstrate political will, but other nuclear powers should also be included in the negotiation process, particularly China. In this regard, the history of the Cold War can provide valuable lessons. The author argues that bipolarity (even at its apex in the late 1950s — early 1970s) had never been an exclusive characteristic of international relations. On the basis of a number of historical cases, the paper demonstrates that during this period the superpowers constantly had to reckon with the 'third power' factor. The latter did not only influence the logic and dynamics of Soviet-American relations, but also to a large extent predetermined the direction and nature of their military development and planning. Indeed, it was the 'third power' factor, namely China, along with the achievement of strategic parity between the superpowers that became one of the main impulses to the establishment of the non-proliferation regime. In conclusion, the author focuses on yet another important lesson from the Cold War: the experience of arms control negotiations during that period suggests that the meetings of politicians should be preceded by joint brainstorming sessions with scholars from interested countries. In the current situation, representatives of the academic community should take the lead so that by the time the political climate eventually changes, there would already be coherent and viable options for nuclear arms control adapted to new realities.

Монография венгерского историка Антала Молнара подводит итог многолетних исследований эпохи конфессионализации на Балканах в пространстве столкновения и сосуществования христианства и ислама. На территориях, попавших в XIV–XVI вв. под власть Оттоманской Порты, Святой Престол проводил миссионерскую деятельность, в которой наибольших успехов добились боснийские францисканцы, привлекал в союзники богатые и влиятельные общины дубровницких купцов. Автор обращается к роли католической церкви на ранних стадиях нациообразования у не имевших государственной традиции албанцев и объясняет, почему фактически провалилась идея церковной унии среди православных сербов. Конец конфессиональной эпохе положила Великая турецкая война 1683–1699 гг., увенчавшаяся возвращением Венгрии территорий, полтора века находившихся под властью османов, но и обернувшаяся трагедией для католиков, оставшихся в Османской империи. Книга основана на материалах архивов Италии, Венгрии и Хорватии и предлагает анализ историографии проблемы на ряде европейских языков. Автор широко использует методы микроистории и культурной истории, восходя к широким обобщениям через детальное рассмотрение отдельных хорошо документированных кейсов.
The monograph by Hungarian historian Antal Molnár summarizes many years of research into the age of Confessionalization in the Balkans in the space of collision and coexistence of Christianity and Islam. In the territories that fell under the rule of the Ottoman Porte in the 14th – 16th centuries, the Holy See undertook missionary activities, the most successful in which were the Bosnian Franciscans, and cooperated with the rich and influential communities of the Ragusan merchants. The author turns to the role of the Catholic Church in the early stages of nation-building among the Albanians who had had no state tradition and explains why the idea of church union among Orthodox Serbs actually failed. The end of the Confessionalization age came with the Great Turkish War (1683–99), which saw the return to Hungary of territories that had been under the Ottoman rule for a century and a half, but which also proved tragic for Catholics who remained in the Ottoman Empire. The book is based on Italian, Hungarian and Croatian archives and offers an analysis of the historiography of the issue in a number of European languages. The author makes extensive use of methods of microhistory and cultural history, going back to broad generalizations through a detailed examination of selected well-documented cases.

The purpose of the article is to obtain information about the history of «Kyiv Camerata» and Valerii Matiukhin ‒an outstanding Ukrainian pianist, musical and public figure, as well as a conductor, artistic director and general director of this band. The research methodology is based on historical-biographical and historical-cultural methods. The scientific novelty of the proposed article lies in the fact that most of the given information is provided directly «from the first mouth» and for the first time. This mainly concerns to certain episodes of V. Matiukhin's biography, related to his school and student years, teachers, views on the performance of modern music and the art of conducting. The article is written in a rather atypical format for a scientific presentation, which is based on the direct speech of the main character. His speech is prepared or supplemented by appropriate explanations of the author of the article, made post factum. This is explained by the fact that the author of the article has been working in this band for more than two decades (since April 2001) and knows it, as they say, «from the inside». But since music is, after all, a non-verbal art, that «speaks for itself», over the years quite a lot of questions have been accumulated regarding the history of the orchestra in general and the creative path of V. Matiukhin in particular ‒ questions that have not yet been clarified in musicology. Therefore, on the occasion of the specified anniversary date, we decided to talk with Valerii Oleksandrovych and bring this conversation to the general public Conclusions. The conducted research confirms that V. Matiukhin has a great deal of credit for the success of the «Kyiv Camerata». Most of the band's prospects appeared due to the magnetism of his personality, based again on deep knowledge and understanding of the essence of his profession, high internal culture and great modesty. That is why, in the process of communication with the Maestro, we once again became convinced that the study of the activities of an outstanding band must begin with the study of the creative figure of V. Matiukhin.
Key words: Ukrainian instrumental music, V. Matiukhin-conductor, «Kyiv Camerata», creative works of Y. Stankovych, dodecaphony.

The article reflects the actions of the central bodies of the country, overseeing the art activities in the area of study, preservation, conservation, restoration and promotion of Russian medieval art in the 1940s—1970s as an indicative system of a comprehensive integration approach.The relevance of the work is to activate information on the formation of the rhetoric of the scientific community of the 1960s on the problem of studying monuments of Karelia and the Russian North, unknown until the specified time or registered, but did not have the status of a protected monument. By the exhibition "The results of the expeditions of the museums of the RSFSR on identification and collecting works of the Old Russian art" (1966), the consolidation of museum forces and capabilities of the governing bodies for the study of works of art in the complex of restoration, protection, scientific, educational potential increased.The purpose of the article is to show the result of joint efforts of representatives of the RSFSR cultural departments and members of the museum community in the study, preservation, replenishment and presentation to the public of a number of materials of the culture of the Russian North. The author considers the coordinated actions that led to a landmark event — the reveal of a gap in the national art studies and its filling by means of expeditions, conservation of art monuments on the ground, restoration work in workshops in Moscow and Leningrad, exhibition activities, scientific discussions, participation in conferences and congresses, publication activity.The events successfully implemented in the designated thematic plan — the study of the culture of the Russian North, determined the vector of development of the study of the art of icon painting of Novgorod and Moscow lands in the 1970s and 1980s. The author notes, that in the subsequent period, such large-scale and fruitful events were not held. The close-knit work of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, several departments of the State Russian Museum, and other museums of our country lasted throughout the period of 1940s — 1970s. Thus, this example can be regarded as the only indicator of a large-scale project in the history of Russian art, including scientific research, expeditions, restoration, educational activities and conferences.

The article is devoted to the study of images of boats in Russian chronicles and hagiographic miniatures of the 15th—17th centuries. Shipbuilding is an important component of Russian culture. Thus, the emergence and evolution of water transport contributed to the development of fishing, trade relations and various cultural and historical processes. Over the centuries-old history of navigation and shipbuilding, the image of a ship has acquired a sacred meaning for human. Ship motifs were at the centre of many outstanding works of fine art, literature and music. Images of ships and boats were widespread in chronicle and hagiographic miniatures. They contain a huge layer of visual information for the study of shipbuilding culture. It is visual information that is the main one for studying shipbuilding, which determines the relevance of the issue.The inclusion of miniatures in the context of the study of shipbuilding makes it possible to obtain information about the methods and technologies used in the manufacture of a water vehicle, an idea of the external appearance of the vessel, what changes it has undergone, what watercrafts were typical for a particular area in a certain period of time, etc.The novelty of the research solution is in the fact that the author, having carried out the detailed analysis of the images of ships and boats presented on Russian miniatures of the 15th—17th centuries, revealed the design features of the depicted vessels and established that the prototypes for the images were real ships that sailed in the 15th—17th centuries.The article examined water vehicles presented in the miniatures of the Koenigsberg (Radziwill) Chronicle of the 15th century, the Illuminated Compiled Chronicle of the 16th century, the Illuminated Collection of the Lives of the Vologda Saints of the 17th century, the Hagiography of Anthony of Siya of the 17th century. Moreover, the last two sources were involved in the study of the shipbuilding tradition of Russia for the first time. The author established that the images of ships in miniatures can be used as sources for studying the technologies of construction of ships of various types that existed in Medieval Russia, as well as for reconstruction of ancient ships.

Abstract
Departing employees are a classic problem in trade secret law. Employees who wish to set up on their own or accept a job offer from their principal's competitor may often be tempted to take with them valuable and secret information from the existing principal's business. The law should protect employers against this. On the other hand, employees have a legitimate interest in being able to change jobs, and trade secret law should not be so protective as to severely hamper labour mobility. According to leading scholars, Directive 2016/943 on the protection of trade secrets does not harmonise the legal protection of trade secrets vis-à-vis departing employees. This leaves room for national legislators and courts to develop the law on this important topic on their own. One might fear that this could lead to substantial legal differences within the European Economic Area. This article explores this question with a particular focus on many employers' practice of including obligations of confidentiality in their employment contracts or entering into separate non-disclosure agreements with their employees. The author shares the view that the Directive, along with much of the national legislation that implements it, gives courts considerable freedom in how to solve the difficult cases of departing employees, including when the ex-employee is bound by post-employment confidentiality obligations. This is not, however, necessarily a threat to legal certainty, as national case-law prior to the Directive seems to have had many common traits. This could provide important guidelines as to how the relevant parties' interests have to be safeguarded and balanced also under the Directive. The author has two main points on the substantive law: (1) an agreement that generally prohibits employees from disclosing or using "trade secrets", "business information" or the like may be important – but not necessarily decisive – for establishing that the employer has taken "reasonable steps" to protect the information, as required by the Directive; (2) however, the concrete assessment of whether a former employee has violated such a contract should not differ much from an assessment of whether they would have violated trade secret law in the absence of such an agreement.

The article is devoted to the problem of personal involvement in dance activity. The author applies an interdisciplinary research methodology: on the one hand, a semiotic analysis of the dance language is carried out and the features of the dance sign are considered, on the other hand, a psychological description of the dancer's personality is given, a psychological portrait is created. According to the methodology of the cultural-historical approach, the sign is taken in its instrumental function and orientation. The author puts forward a hypothesis about the dual orientation of the dance movement as an expressive language: orientation on the viewer as a visual component of the sign and on the dancer himself through the kinesthetic component. The material of dance as a type of artistic activity is the body of the dancer, which undergoes reinterpretation and symbolization. Not only the body, but also the whole personality can become the material of dance, it can be included and transformed in the course of the dance activity. The bi-directionality of the dance sign can lead to a discrepancy, a rupture of the function of the dance movement, which is expressed in an object relation to one's own body, in strict control of movements and the non-involvement of the emotional and sensual sphere of the individual in the dance activity. Stage forms of dance contribute more to this discrepancy, developing mainly motor technique in isolation from the semantic side of movement and focusing on the visual expressiveness of dance. On the other hand, ceremonial, sacred, ritual dances, many forms of modern free dance contribute to the integral inclusion of a person in the dance and are aimed at transforming the personality in plastic action. On the basis of biographical material, the destinies of outstanding dancers and dance teachers are analyzed. It is shown how an object attitude to one's own body and one's own personality can lead to an internal split and loss of subjectivity. A contradiction may arise between a person's experience in dance and her/his behavior in real life. It is removed under the condition that a person carries out a transformative activity – work on himself/herself.