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ABSTRACT We provide the first replication study of political science research published in Brazil by attempting to replicate every quantitative article published in five major Brazilian journals between 2012 and 2016. We also tested whether replication rates varied between established fields, more traditional and where the use of quantitative data is more common, and emerging fields. Our results show that transparency and reproduction are still in a development stage in Brazilian Political Science. Of the 650 articles reviewed, we asked for data to 197 quantitative articles. From those, only 28% agreed to share datasets and computed codes. We were able to attempt a replication for only 14%, and successfully reproduce the results of less than 5%. We conclude by suggesting the adoption of transparency and replicability procedures that are standard in other scientific communities.

The rules concerning the relation of international law to internal law in Austria have undergone less change than those of many other European countries since the end of World War I. The relevant provisions of the Austrian Federal Constitution of October 1, 1920, were not affected by the subsequent constitutional reforms. These rules had been the subject of much theoretical discussion before a sizable body of constitutional usage and relevant jurisprudence had developed. The present article aims at examining and supplementing these theories in the light of current practice.

Seit Ende des Kalten Krieges wurden in mehr als 200 Friedensverträgen Autonomieabkommen vereinbart. Während manche Autonomielösungen ethnische Selbstbestimmungskonflikte erfolgreich regulieren konnten, sind andere gescheitert. Wann also funktioniert Autonomie? Dieses Buch verbindet Ansätze aus der Politikwissenschaft, der Konfliktforschung und der Sozialpsychologie und entwickelt eine neue Theorie zur Erklärung von Autonomieerfolg und -scheitern. Diese beschreibt einen initiierten Prozess der ethnischen Anerkennung als Grundlage für ein friedliches Zusammenleben in multiethnischen Post-Konfliktgesellschaften. Während territoriale Autonomiearrangements hierfür einen geeigneten institutionellen Rahmen bieten, ist dieser Anerkennungsprozess stark kontextabhängig. Die Studie identifiziert hierfür kausal relevante Faktoren und analysiert deren Auftreten in den Konsolidierungsphasen von 19 Autonomien weltweit mittels Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) und theorietestenden Prozessanalysen. Die Studie zeigt, dass Autonomieerfolg in der Tat von einer spezifischen Kombination von strukturellen und akteurszentrierten Erfolgsfaktoren abhängt. Ethnische Eliten akzeptieren Autonomiereformen, wenn diese ein hohes Maß an Selbstbestimmung mit sich bringen und gleichzeitig der Anerkennungsprozess nicht durch ausgeprägte Ungleichheiten behindert wird. Elitenkooperationen gelingen in demokratisch-inklusiven Institutionen und mit internationaler Unterstützung und senden entscheidende Signale für gesellschaftliche Annäherung. Autonomiereformen scheitern, wenn der Grad an gewährter Selbstbestimmung zu gering ist und horizontale Ungleichheiten zu neuen Grievances führen. In Kombination mit exklusiven Institutionen und mangelnder internationaler Aufmerksamkeit führt dies zu weiterer Eskalation.

This article analyses the Baltic policy of united Germany from the 1990s until today. The authors set out to identify the significance of German-Baltic relations and the role of the Eastern policy in Russian-German relations. The method of dynamic comparison between the political and economic narrative in intergovernmental relations makes it possible to identify distinctive features of Germany's Baltic policy in the context of current international relations. In particular, it is noted that Germany was most active in the Baltic region in the 1990s, when the country was establishing political, economic, and cultural ties with the new independent states. In the second half of the 1990s, Germany's foreign policy became less intense. After the accession of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia to the EU and NATO in 2004, certain disagreements started to arise between Germany and the Baltics. It explains the lukewarm relations between them. The Ukraine events brought about a change in Germany's regional policy. Despite Russia remaining one of the key economic and political counteractors, Germany, being a partner of the Baltics in the EU and NATO, cannot adopt a neutral position in the conflict of interests between the Baltics and Russia.

A group of writers have taken up Nietzsche's hammer against the constructions of contemporary international theory. Postmodern approaches problematize the dominant understanding of international relations as a world of sovereign states which demarcate inside from outside, order from anarchy, identity from difference. More generally, they challenge the notion of sovereignty as an ahistorical, universal, transcendent concept, be it applied to the sovereign state, the sovereign individual or a sovereign truth. Sovereignty and the dichotomies regulated by its power are mechanisms of domination and closure which limit the play of political practice. It is the aim of these writers to hammer away at these limitations, opening space for plural and diverse practices in world politics.

Political science has, in the past 40 years, developed into a multi-dimensional discipline, training thousands of political scientists who have entered a variety of professions. Its development in Iceland over 40 years has been remarkable, from its small beginnings in 1970 to hosting the largest political science conference in Europe in 2011. However, as the ECPR's founders taught us, political science must always be aware of new challenges and be prepared to innovate and adapt to new realities. The financial crisis that hit Iceland and the world economy in 2008 embodies significant challenges to the discipline, but also opportunities -- and notably the opportunity to retrieve the dominance that market economics secured in the past over many political economy analyses. The specific experience of Iceland, as a small state in the north, represents a wake-up call for the discipline, raising key questions relating to the contribution political science can make to understanding the current transformation and to the capacity of the discipline to maintain its relevance. Adapted from the source document.