War veterans in Zimbabwe's revolution: challenging neo-colonialism and settler and international capital
In: Review of African political economy, Band 39, Heft 132
ISSN: 1740-1720
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In: Review of African political economy, Band 39, Heft 132
ISSN: 1740-1720
In: Common market law review, Band 49, Heft 5, S. 1703-1735
ISSN: 0165-0750
In: Business and politics: B&P, Band 14, Heft 3, S. 1-30
ISSN: 1469-3569
Multinational companies (MNCs) shape their nonmarket strategies in response to the social and political context in which they operate. Empirical evidence shows that these strategies frequently fall into one of two categories: they either consist of a disparate portfolio of disconnected country-level social and political programs or are composed of standardized corporate policies that are applied uniformly across geographies. The former type of strategy implies that MNC managers view their firm's context as extremely fragmented across country borders, while the latter reflects the perception of a highly homogeneous international environment. Yet, most industries and firms operate in a semi-globalized socio-political context. In this paper we propose that producing strategies that truly fit with the specific characteristics of an MNC's nonmarket context requires that this context be defined along four dimensions: stakeholders, issues, networks, andgeography. Conceptualizing an MNC socio-political context in this way broadens dramatically the strategic choices of MNC managers. We illustrate the use of our model by describing four socio-political contexts frequently encountered by MNCs, and showing how alternative nonmarket strategies seem a better option than the standard "one-size-fits-all" or "every-country-a-different-strategy" approaches of today.
In: The journal of development studies: JDS, Band 48, Heft 10, S. 1522-1535
ISSN: 0022-0388
World Affairs Online
In: Armed forces & society: official journal of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society : an interdisciplinary journal, Band 38, Heft 4, S. 681-684
ISSN: 0095-327X
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 111, Heft 443, S. 315-323
ISSN: 0001-9909
In: Economics of Energy & Environmental Policy, Band 1, Heft 1
In: CESifo Working Paper Series No. 3880
SSRN
Working paper
In: Economics of Energy & Environmental Policy, Band 1, Heft 1
In: Understanding Social Action, Promoting Human Rights, S. 100-128
In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science; Telecommunication Economics, S. 167-178
In: Springer Texts in Business and Economics; Growth and International Trade, S. 191-213
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Working paper
SSRN
Working paper
In: Common Market Law Review, Band 49, Heft 5
SSRN