Suchergebnisse

Humanitarian relief organizations face many challenges due to the increasing number of both natural and man-made disasters such as drought, famine, war, and conflict. According to the United Nations, these challenges will continue to increase because of the risen vulnerability of humanitarian supply chains, especially regarding cost, accuracy, and duration. In this systematic review, we explore methods of lowering the cost of humanitarian responses, more specifically in regard to the education and training of aid workers.

Abstract
Universal Periodic Review provides a unique insight into states' perceptions of IHRL. States issue recommendations on fulfilling human rights obligations and commitments. HRC Resolution 5/1 sets out the bases of the reviews: the UN Charter, the UDHR, human rights instruments to which the state is party and voluntary pledges and commitments. Relevant IHL is 'take[n] into account'. Analysing the identification of these bases of review and how they have been used in the 57,685 recommendations from the first two cycles of UPR, we demonstrate states' understanding of the term 'human rights' and their preferences for certain sources of law. States have not limited themselves to the bases of review in Resolution 5/1. They have used additional materials and rejected distinctions between 'hard' and 'soft' law. They have interpreted the notion of 'human rights' expansively but largely ignored regional human rights instruments. A body of generalised, non-specific IHRL has been recognised.