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The American Law Institute's Principles of the Law of Family Dissolution: Analysis and Recommendations contains a set of detailed reform proposals for the allocation of custodial responsibility for children among parents, including the approximation rule. This article examines two bodies of social science evidence that explicitly or implicitly were used to justify the approximation rule, attachment theory and research and research on the impact on children of shared parenting arrangements subsequent to divorce. These two bodies of evidence used to justify the approximation rule are reviewed and evaluated to provide an assessment of its social‐based rationales.

Since its establishment in 2004, the German Data Forum (RatSWD), which is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Science and Research (BMBF), has been advising the federal government and the governments of the federal states (Länder) on issues relating to the expansion and improvement of the research infrastructure for the empirical social, behavioral, and economic sciences (SBE). In late 2010, the RatSWD addressed the question of how the quality of survey instruments in the social and economic sciences, and especially in social and economic survey research, could be controlled and assured. At a meeting on November 9, 2012, the RatSWD therefore decided to set up a 'Quality Assurance of Survey Instruments Working Group' under the leadership of Professor Beatrice Rammstedt. The establishment of the working group was prompted in particular by the desire to define quality standards in order to assure and optimize the quality of survey instruments. Hence, the working group made the formulation of these standards its primary objective. They are presented in this paper.

In this article, we discuss the question of why only a few men decide to study social science courses such as social work. While the conceptual base of our analysis includes the theory of planned behaviour and theories centring on gender role orientations, the empirical base is a random cluster sample of high-school graduates in Switzerland. The results show different gender effects, as well as direct and indirect effects, for all the theory of planned behaviour factors. Gender role orientations and the question of how a social science profession fits one's own gender identity appear to be of particular importance only among male students.

In a review of Evelyn Fox Keller's criticism of the "masculinity" of science (eg, Reflections on Gender and Science, New Haven: Yale U Press, 1985), an attempt is made to show how science contributes to the reproduction of patriarchal power relations. Keller's treatment of the way that commonsense understandings of science reflect masculine values is seen as superior to her attempts to reconstruct a degendered science. Keller goes beyond showing discrimination against women in science & looks at the way such bias affects scientific knowledge itself. She sees science as dominated by "masculine" values such as the quest for technical control, competitiveness, & a focus on success of parts of theory rather than their relationship to the whole. The characteristics are not innately male, but are associated with the way men are raised in Western culture. Traditional feminine attributes, such as ability to empathize & acceptance of personal attachments, have been excluded from science. Inclusion of such attributes, exemplified by the work of cytogeneticist Barbara McClintock, would lead scientific practice to more intuitive approaches to problem solving. Some limitations in Keller's approach explored here are her treatment of science as a unified entity & the assumption that the scientist's characteristics explain the nature of scientific accounts. A. Waters

Allgemeine Information:
Die Datensätze enthalten Informationen darüber, wie oft Studienmaterialien, die über GESIS - Datenarchiv für Sozialwissenschaften verfügbar sind, zwischen 2004 und 2018 über eine der Plattformen / Dienste des Archivs heruntergeladen und / oder bestellt wurden.

Quellen und Plattformen:
Studienmaterialien sind über verschiedene GESIS-Plattformen und -Dienste zugänglich: Datenbestandskatalog (DBK), histat, datorium, Datenservice (und andere).

Zur Verfügung stehen folgende Jahre:
- Datenbestandskatalog: 2012-2018
- Datenservice: 2006-2018
- datorium: 2014-2018
- histat: 2004-2018

Datensätze:
Datensatz ZA6899_Datasets_only_all_sources enthält Informationen darüber, wie oft Dateien z.B. mit der Erweiterung dta- (Stata) oder sav- (SPSS) heruntergeladen wurden. Die Identifizierung von Dateien erfolgt halbautomatisch (abhängig von der Plattform / Dienst). Mehrere Downloads von einer Datei durch denselben Benutzer (identifiziert durch IP-Adresse oder Benutzername für registrierte Benutzer) an denselben Tagen werden nur als ein Download gezählt.

Datensatz ZA6899_Doc_and_Data_all_sources enthält Informationen darüber, wie oft Studienmaterialien heruntergeladen wurden. Mehrere Downloads einer (beliebigen) Datei derselben Studie durch denselben Benutzer (identifiziert durch IP-Adresse oder Benutzername für registrierte Benutzer) an denselben Tagen werden nur als ein Download gezählt.

Beide Datensätze sind in drei Formaten verfügbar: csv (quoted, Werte getrennt durch Semikolon), dta (Stata v14, gelabelt) und sav (SPSS, gelabelt). Alle Formate enthalten identische Informationen.

Variablen:
Die Variablen / Spalten in beiden Datensätzen sind identisch.
za_nr ´Archive study number´
version ´GESIS Archiv Version´
doi ´Digital Object Identifier´
StudyNo ´Study number of respective study´
Title ´English study title´
Title_DE ´German study title´
Access ´Access category (0, A, B, C, D, E)´
PubYear ´Publication year of last version of the study´
inZACAT ´Study is currently also available via ZACAT´
inHISTAT ´Study is currently also available via HISTAT´
inDownloads ´There are currently data files available for download for this study in dbk or datorium´
Total ´All downloads combined´
downloads_2004 ´downloads/orders from all sources combined in 2004´
[up to ...]
downloads_2018 ´downloads/orders from all sources combined in 2018´
d_2004_dbk ´downloads from source dbk in 2004´
[up to ...]
d_2018_dbk ´downloads from source dbk in 2018´
d_2004_histat ´downloads from source histat in 2004´
[up to ...]
d_2018_histat ´downloads from source histat in 2018´
d_2004_dataservice ´downloads/orders from source dataservice in 2004´
[up to ...]
d_2018_dataservice ´downloads/orders from source dataservice in 2018´

Weitere Informationen finden Sie im Codebuch.

In dem Methodenbericht wird die ALLBUS-Studie von 1982 in allen Phasen nachvollziehbar dargestellt. Zum Vergleich erfolgt einleitend eine stichwortartige Kurzbeschreibung der beiden ALLBUS-Hauptstudien von 1980 und 1982. Dann werden Vorbereitung und Durchführung der Untersuchung beschrieben, ebenso wie die Stichprobe und die Gewichtung. Die Darstellung endet mit der Analyse der Feldphase. Abschließend erfolgt ein internationaler Vergleich mit entsprechenden Studien aus den USA und den Niederlanden. (RW)

The publication provides a comprehensive compendium of the current state of Germany's research infrastructure in the social, economic, and behavioural sciences. In addition, the book presents detailed discussions of the current needs of empirical researchers in these fields and opportunities for future development. The book contains 68 advisory reports by more than 100 internationally recognized authors from a wide range of fields and recommendations by the German Data Forum (RatSWD) on how to improve the research infrastructure so as to create conditions ideal for making Germany's social, economic, and behavioral sciences more innovative and internationally competitive. The German Data Forum (RatSWD) has discussed the broad spectrum of issues covered by these advisory reports extensively, and has developed general recommendations on how to expand the research infrastructure to meet the needs of scholars in the social and economic sciences.

It is a commonplace to assert that science should be independent of politics. By this one usually means that the search for truth, which is the essential function of science, should not be influenced by political interests, which are the interests concerned with the establishment and maintenance of a definite social order or a particular social institution. Politics as the art of government, that is to say, the practice of regulating the social behavior of men, is a function of will and, as such, an activity which necessarily presupposes the conscious or unconscious assumption of values, the realization of which is the purpose of the activity. Science is a function of cognition; its aim is not to govern but to explain. To describe the world is its object. Its independence of politics means in the last analysis, that the scientist must not presuppose any value; consequently he has to restrict himself to an explanation and a description of his object without judging it as good or bad, i.e., as being in conformity with, or contrary to, a presupposed value. This implies that the statements by which a scientist describes and explains the object of his inquiry must not be influenced by values in which he himself believes.

Safety and Security for Churches and Other Places of Worship is a reference book focused on how to form a first responder team for churches, synagogues, temples, and other places of worship. It will assist team leaders on how to train for both security and medical emergencies, provide training aids and ideas, and how to write SOPs and legal issues. Trending violence directed at soft targets is growing, forcing places of worship to respond with highly trained personnel to quickly intervene. Many medical incidents can have drastically better outcomes if trained medical personnel render immediate medical care. For instance, the use of an AED in conjunction with CPR can drastically improve survival rates from 15% to 85%, versus just CPR alone. Topics covered include: Environmental disasters Acts of violence Active shooter incidents Bomb threats Unruly/disruptive persons Suspect control Sexual abuse Realistic training using fake wounds Tabletop exercises Team building Medical emergencies An equipment chapter helps to determine what equipment is a priority for teams limited by budget. Some equipment can mean the difference between a "friend" being mistaken for an aggressor, resulting in an innocent person being injured or killed. Safety and Security for Churches and Other Places of Worship is a must-have reference for anyone charged with the duty to protect those who attend and work at places of worship.