Suchergebnisse

Purpose
Conflict, between individuals and groups, in organizations is a common phenomenon and can have varied implication for the employee and the organization. This paper aims to determine whether experiencing interpersonal conflict drives employees to engage in prosocial behavior (prohibitive voice) and antisocial behavior (interpersonal deviance). Using Stressor–Emotion Model, Uncertainty Management Theory and Impression Management Motives, this study examines the relationship and explores competence uncertainty as a mediator and perception of politics as a moderator.


Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a cross-sectional design where data collected is from 386 employees working in nine different public sector enterprises in India. Structural equation modeling using SPSS AMOS was used to analyze the hypothesized relationships.


Findings
The results show that interpersonal conflict leads to both prohibitive voice behavior and interpersonal deviance. However, the mediating role of competence uncertainty is valid only for the effect of conflict on interpersonal deviance. Also, the perception of politics strengthens the positive relationship between interpersonal conflict and competence uncertainty.


Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the first empirical studies to have validated prosocial and antisocial work behavior as outcomes of interpersonal conflict. Again, this is one of the first few studies to examine the mechanism through which interpersonal conflict impacts interpersonal deviance.

This article seeks to be a contribution to the debate on the theaching of the religion in the Costa Rican educational system. This debate has become public starting from the publication May 1º 2005 of a Pronouncement of the University Council (CU) of UNA (National University).First the teaching of the religion is located in the concrete context of the country, he offers a pertinent definition of religion and its implications like premises to understand the polemic, the reactions are analyzed that the Official statement has generated and finally coinciding and supporting the CU and the EECR (Ecumenical school of sciences of the religion) intends some measures that could contribute to find inclusive, democratic solutions, chords with the effective confesional pluralism of the Costa Rican society. ; Este artículo pretende ser una contribución al debate sobre la enseñanza de la religión en el sistema educativo costarricense. Este debate se ha hecho público a partir de la publicación el 1º de mayo de 2005 de un Pronunciamiento del Consejo Universitario (CU) de la UNA. Primero se sitúa la enseñanza de la religión en el contexto concreto del país, se ofrece una definición pertinente de religión y sus implicaciones como premisas para comprender la polémica, se analizan las reacciones que el Comunicado ha generado y finalmente coincidiendo y apoyando al CU y a la EECR se proponen algunas medidas que podrían contribuir a encontrar soluciones inclusivas, democráticas, acordes con el pluralismo confesional efectivo de la sociedad costarricense.

The thesis constructs a filiation relating transcendentalist photographic practices. The historical span stretches from the early nineteenth century inventions of photographies (Daguerre, Arago, Talbot, Hill, Holmes), through American modernism (Stieglitz, Strand, Weston, Adams), and ends with structuralist film and photographies (Frampton). This lineage is argued to mark significant shifts in the gender politics of the transcendentalist impression of the photographic archive. I argue that the filiation is underpinned by major photographic forms of infinity: detail and proliferation. Within the gender-political context of their archival dimension, these forms are compared to major philosophical forms of infinites (in Plato, Longinus, Virgil, Burke, Kant, Hegel). The thesis marks the dismantling of this tradition through the feminine coding of the archival ad infinitum - extending canonical feminist thought (Irigaray, Kristeva) into photographic history via a deconstructive methodology (Derrida, Felman, Lyotard, de Man). The key theoretical contention of the thesis is that the ur-scene recorded by photographic and philosophical discourses is an encounter with and retraction from infinities which are figured in gendered terms. This traumatic encounter is argued to be the archival motor which produces material archives. The thesis tests the relationship between this motor and the gendered impression of the social circulation, storage and dissemination of images produced by a given photographic practice. The practical aspect of research is engages with the social circulation and storage of art through the photographic. These works hazard critical purchase in the residual archival ambience of Minimal and Conceptual art. Practical and theoretical work are linked by two main issues: an attention to affects associated to the dissolution of concepts, by which unity becomes fragmented, particularised and thus, an attention to 'the detail' as a form of (feminine) contingency. Key here is the quasi-concept of the 'impression' (Derrida) - the precise impact of a vague image of conceptual unity.

In the 1990s, social movements against large dams in India were celebrated for crafting a powerful challenge to dominant policies of development. These grounded struggles were acclaimed for their critique of capitalist industrialization and their advocacy for an alternative model of socially just and ecologically sustainable development. Twenty years later, as large dams continue to be built, their critics have shifted the battle off the streets to new arenas – to courts and government committees, in particular – and switched to a techno-managerial discourse of maintaining river health. What accounts for this change? This article traces the trajectory of cultural politics around Indian rivers within the larger imagination of the nation, the rise of economic liberalization and Hindu nationalism, and the emergence of environmental bureaucracies. It argues that, alongside being shaped by this context, current anti-dam campaigns also contend with the legacy of earlier social movements, their gains as well as losses. This political field has narrowed the potential for radical critique, large-scale collective mobilization and, ultimately, keeping rivers alive.

Clark reviews Retiring the State: The Politics of Pension Privatization in Latin America and Beyond by Raul L. Madrid and Health Care Reform in Central America: NGO-Government Collaboration in Guatemala and El Salvador by Alberto Jose Frick Cardelle.

This article examines the relationship between the concept of neutrality in community mediation and partisan party politics in Nepal. Focusing on one donor-sponsored, US model-based community mediation programme in the Terai, this article contributes to a growing literature on authority formation and the role of party politicians in post-conflict Nepal. It argues that both neutrality and bias in dispute settlement are constitutive of building (Weberian) authority, allowing for the legitimate exercise of power by politicians. Neutrality is not only highly valued in mediation ideology, but is also a crucial legitimizing register in dispute settlement in Nepal. Although resolving disputes neutrally enhances the local legitimacy of (political) mediators, our research finds that there are cases when showing political favouritism also helps maintain power. We find that these contradictory incentives and the need to balance them guide the arena in which politicians choose to resolve disputes and how they choose to resolve them. These strategic decisions made by politicians in order to balance neutrality and bias thus guide outcomes of dispute settlement, and mediation in particular. This raises questions about the proclaimed ability of community mediation to overcome power imbalances and provide justice to disadvantaged communities.

"We think vulnerability still matters when considering how people are put at risk from hazards and this book shows why in a series of thematic chapters and case studies written by eminent disaster studies scholars that deal with the politics of disaster risk creation: precarity, conflict, and climate change. The chapters in this book highlight different aspects of vulnerability and disaster risk creation, placing the stress rightly on what causes disasters and explaining the politics of how they are created through a combination of human interference with natural processes, the social production of vulnerability, and the neglect of response capacities. Importantly, too, the book provides a platform for many of those most prominently involved in launching disaster studies as a social discipline to reflect on developments over the past 50 years and to comment on current trends. The interdisciplinary and historical perspective that this book provides will appeal to scholars and practitioners at both the national and international level seeking to study, develop, and support effective social protection strategies to prevent or mitigate the effects of hazards on vulnerable populations. It will also prove an invaluable reference work for students and all those interested in the future safety of the world we live in"--

"We think vulnerability still matters when considering how people are put at risk from hazards and this book shows why in a series of thematic chapters and case studies written by eminent disaster studies scholars that deal with the politics of disaster risk creation: precarity, conflict, and climate change. The chapters in this book highlight different aspects of vulnerability and disaster risk creation, placing the stress rightly on what causes disasters and explaining the politics of how they are created through a combination of human interference with natural processes, the social production of vulnerability, and the neglect of response capacities. Importantly, too, the book provides a platform for many of those most prominently involved in launching disaster studies as a social discipline to reflect on developments over the past 50 years and to comment on current trends. The interdisciplinary and historical perspective that this book provides will appeal to scholars and practitioners at both the national and international level seeking to study, develop, and support effective social protection strategies to prevent or mitigate the effects of hazards on vulnerable populations. It will also prove an invaluable reference work for students and all those interested in the future safety of the world we live in"--

Debates over the legal interpretation of trade treaty (WTO and NAFTA) exemption clauses for public services display a common pattern. Critics of trade agreements argue that these clauses are likely to be narrowly interpreted, providing scant protection from international trade rules to public health care. Defenders usually argue that they will be given a reasonably expansive definition and that trade obligations (at least the mote onerous WTO national treatment obligations) will generally not apply to public health care services. This paper argues that although the optimism of trade agreement defenders may be well-founded when viewed from a static perspective, the protection afforded by exemption clauses shrinks with the expansion of market elements in health care. Hence, the major implication of such "carve-outs" for health policy makers will not be the liberty to engage in "business as usual", but rather the need to assess the trade-related risks associated with market-based reform in the future. This paper analyses the WTO and NAFTA provisions limiting the application of these trade agreements to the health care sector in terms of the various risk scenarios posed by different models of health care reform. Adapted from the source document.