Suchergebnisse

The major part of this book project was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 700913.This book is about two distinct but related professional cultures in late Soviet Russia that were concerned with material objects: industrial design and decorative art. The Russian avant-garde of the 1920s is broadly recognised to have been Russia's first truly original contribution to world culture. In contrast, Soviet design of the post-war period is often dismissed as hackwork and plagiarism that resulted in a shabby world of commodities. This book identifies the second historical attempt at creating a powerful alternative to capitalist commodities in the Cold War era. It offers a new perspective on the history of Soviet material culture by focusing on the notion of the 'comradely object' as an agent of progressive social relations that state-sponsored Soviet design inherited from the avant-garde. It introduces a shared history of domestic objects, handmade as well as machine-made, mass-produced as well as unique, utilitarian as well as challenging the conventional notion of utility. Situated at the intersection of intellectual history, social history and material culture studies, this book elucidates the complexities and contradictions of Soviet design that echoed international tendencies of the late twentieth century. The book is addressed to design historians, art historians, scholars of material culture, historians of Russia and the USSR, as well as museum and gallery curators, artists and designers, and the broader public interested in modern aesthetics, art and design, and/or the legacy of socialist regimes.

The Routledge Handbook of the History of Global Economic Thought offers the first comprehensive overview of the long-run history of economic thought from a truly international perspective. Although globalization has facilitated the spread of ideas between nations, the history of economics has tended to be studied either ­thematically (by topic), in terms of different currents of thought, or individually (by economist). Work has been published in the past on the economic thought traditions of specific countries, but this pioneering volume is unique in offering a wide-ranging comparative account of the development of economic ideas and philosophies on the international stage.The volume brings together leading experts on the development of economic ideas from across the world in order to offer a truly international comparison of the economics within nation-states. Each author presents a long-term perspective on economics in their region, allowing global patterns in the progress of economic ideas over time to be identified. The specially commissioned chapters cover the vast sweep of the history of economics across five world regions, including Europe (England, Scotland, Ireland, Italy Greece, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Sweden, Russia and the Ukraine), the Americas (the USA, Canada, Mexico and Central America, Spanish-Speaking South America, Brazil and the Caribbean), the Middle East (Turkey, Israel, Arab-Islamic Economics, Persia/Iran, North Africa), Africa (West Africa, Southern Africa, Mozambique and Angola), and the Asia-Pacific Region (Australia and New Zealand, China, Southeast Asia, the Asian Tigers, India.) This rigorous, ambitious and highly scholarly volume will be of key interest to students, academics, policy professionals and to interested general readers across the globe.

"Colin Jordan and Britain's Neo-Nazi Movement casts fresh light on one of post-war Britain's most notorious fascists, using him to examine the contemporary history of the extreme right. The book explores the wide range of neo-Nazi groups that Colin Jordan led, contributed to and inspired throughout his time as Britain's foremost promoter of Nazi ideology. In a period stretching from the close of the Second World War right up to the 2000s, Colin Jordan became politically engaged with a multitude of Nazi-inspired extremist groups, either as leader or as a key protagonist. Moreover, Jordan also developed critical relationships with larger, competitor extreme-right organisations and parties, including the Mosley's Union Movement, the National Front and the most recent incarnation of the British National Party. He fostered a number of transnational links throughout his years of activism as well, especially with American neo-Nazis. In recent years, his writings and somewhat idealised profile have been adopted by more contemporary extremist organisations, such as the British People's Party and a rekindled British Movement, who look to Jordan as an inspirational figure for their own reconfigurations of a National Socialist agenda. By examining this history, drawing on a wide range of fresh primary sources, Colin Jordan and Britain's Neo-Nazi Movement offers a new analysis on the nature and workings of Nazi-inspired political extremism in post-war Britain. It is an important study for anyone interested in the history of fascism, extreme ideologies and the political and social history of Britain since the Second World War."--Bloomsbury Publishing

Introduzione al fascicolo per Massimo Campanini "Questo numero vuole essere un omaggio al legame di Massimo Campanini con Milano, e in particolare con gli studiosi milanesi di Storia della filosofia medievale; vuole essere un ringraziamento per il contributo che ha saputo dare alla rivista, costringendoci al confronto con un altro punto di vista, con un'altra narrazione della storia e con categorie storiche e filosofiche differenti ma non estranee a quelle del mondo latino-occidentale, arricchendo il nostro sguardo verso una prospettiva mediterranea e non esclusivamente eurocentrica" "This issue is intended as a tribute to Massimo Campanini's ties with Milan, and in particular with Milanese scholars of the History of Medieval Philosophy; it is intended as a thank you for the contribution he was able to make to the journal, forcing us to confront another point of view, another narrative of history and different historical and philosophical categories that are not extraneous to those of the Latin-Western world, enriching our gaze towards a Mediterranean and not exclusively Eurocentric perspective" ; Introduction to the issue for Massimo Campanini "This issue is intended as a tribute to Massimo Campanini's ties with Milan, and in particular with Milanese scholars of the History of Medieval Philosophy; it is intended as a thank you for the contribution he has made to the journal, forcing us to confront another point of view, another narrative of history and historical and philosophical categories that are different but not alien to those of the Latin-Western world, enriching our outlook towards a Mediterranean and not exclusively Eurocentric perspective."

From 1938 to 1947, a Chinese Muslim scholar named Muhammad Tawāḍuʿ Pang (known in China as Pang Shiqian) lived and studied at al-Azhar, Cairo's famed center of Islamic learning. During his time in Egypt, he produced his Arabic-language magnum opus, China and Islam, published by the Muslim Brotherhood in May 1945. In addition to introducing Arabic-speaking audiences to Chinese Islam, the book exhibited four important features. First, it sought to place Chinese Muslim history firmly within Islamic history generally. Second, it responded to the geopolitical crisis brought upon the Chinese Muslims by the Ottoman Empire's collapse and by China's war with Japan. Third, it equated the modern condition of Muslims in both Egypt and China and absorbed otherwise competing intellectual genealogies from al-Azhar and the Muslim Brotherhood. Fourth, it synthesized these genealogies by calling for a return to the principles of the "golden age" of Islam and a revitalization of pre-modern intra-Asian relations as the surest path to modern "progress." While this body of thought and sentiment had little in common with modern nationalism, elements of it were nevertheless soon co-opted by the nascent Third World movement.Building on diverse fields including Chinese, Islamic, Middle Eastern, and global history, this essay seeks to decouple Chinese Muslim history from narratives of marginalization and to decouple histories of China and the Middle East from the fraught encounter between "West" and "non-West." Through its reading of Tawāḍuʿ Pang's China and Islam, it also attempts to recall a now unfamiliar world in which the nation-state did not yet enjoy the dominance it achieved once decolonization was fully underway.

ABSTRACT Ideology is a comprehensive element for the idealist politician. It has been a field of claims and disputes that characterizes Modern European History of Thought. The theories of Francis Bacon (Barth 1961) and Rousseau gave birth to the basic points of ideologization of the political thought of the European History and that was an effect of the broader European philosophy that operated with the creation of integral and prefabricated forms. Since the Treaty of Westphalia (1648) (Guerevich 1996), the world has shifted from a metaphysical to a cosmic frame and the creation of the political ideology in the European area was formed. The ideologization of political life in modern societies starts from the actions of the Jacobin politician. This kind of ideologization has its historical origins in the European History of the 10th century. Consequently, we could take the Arcadia movement, the theories of Fr. Bacon and Rousseau and the political club, which created Homo Ideologicus as important points in the history of the origin of ideology, before Destutt de Tracy invented ideology as a term. The ideologist politician was characterized by messianic spirit and Manichaeism. On the contrary, the modern politician of globalizations has changed and he becomes an image-maker and a 'manager-politician', rejecting the salutary-rational way of thinking. He ideologizes words and he easily changes his opinion. The consecration from the West Civilization of subjectivity as an interpretative factor of the world, demands a critical explanation of the options of the European subject. This kind of interpretation explains the tendency of the European subject to invent utopist targets.

The rise of China and India could be the most important political development of the twenty-first century. What will the foreign policies of China and India look like in the future? What should they look like? And what can each country learn from the other? Bridging Two Worlds gathers a coterie of experts in the field, analyzing profound political thinkers from these ancient regions whose theories of interstate relations set the terms for the debates today. This volume is the first work of its kind and is essential reading for anyone interested in the growth of China and India and what it means for the rest of the world.
"This brilliant volume shines a light on the two great civilizations that will once again drive world history. No volume could be more timely, more relevant, and more needed than this one." — KISHORE MAHBUBANI, Distinguished Fellow, Asia Research Institute, NUS, and author of The Asian 21st Century
"With the recently elevated economic and political power of China and the great potential of India in the twenty-first century, interdisciplinary dialogue and engagement such as is found in this book is necessary for contemporary debates in political theory and international relations." — KUIYI SHEN, Professor of Asian Art History, Theory, and Criticism, University of California, San Diego"

Prologue / Julia Verne -- Cargoes in the Indian Ocean world : a thematic and methodological introduction / Burkhard Schnepel -- Brilliant cargoes : pearls, shell and the exchange of marine product in the Indian Ocean / Pedro Machado -- The history of southern Red Sea salt in Indian Ocean trade / Steven Serels -- The flow of bohea : tea trade in the Indian Ocean world from (eighteenth to nineteenth centuries) / Kunbing Xiao -- The journey of cloves : the journey of cloves : historical trajectories and new dynamics of organic labeling on Zanzibar / Rupert Neuhöfer and Hannah Pilgrim -- Giraffes and elephants : circulation of exotic animals in the longue durée history of the Indian Ocean world / Tansen Sen -- Cattle on the hoof : the Mozambique Channel provisioning trade in the nineteenth century / Ned Alpers -- Paper cargoes, mobile histories : a view from the twentieth-century dhow / Fahad Ahmad Bishara -- An enduring measure of twelve thousand cowries : the materialities and life histories of a well-travelled marine product / Eva-Maria Knoll -- Arab perfumes and the Indian Ocean trade in animal-derived aromatics : the case of civet / Hanne Schönig -- When gecko tails travel from island forests to laboratories : from materiality to information in scientific cargo / Lisa Jenny Krieg -- From cargo to "inalienable possessions" : beads and beadwork in Penang / Mareike Pampus -- The elephant with the seven tusks : maritime commodities in East Indonesian clan houses and marriage cycles / Karl-Heinz Kohl.

Rethinking the causes and consequences of Britain's default on its First World War debts to the United States of AmericaThe Long Shadow of Default focuses on an important but neglected example of sovereign default between two of the wealthiest and most powerful democracies in modern history. The United Kingdom accrued considerable financial debts to the United States during and immediately after the First World War. In 1934, the British government unilaterally suspended payment on these debts. This book examines why the United Kingdom was one of the last major powers to default on its war debts to the United States and how these outstanding obligations affected political and economic relations between both governments. The British government's unpaid debts cast a surprisingly long shadow over policymaking on both sides of the Atlantic. Memories of British default would limit transatlantic cooperation before and after the Second World War, inform Congressional debates about the economic difficulties of the 1970s, and generate legal challenges for both governments up until the 1990s. More than a century later, the United Kingdom's war debts to the United States remain unpaid and outstanding. David James Gill provides one of the most detailed historical analyses of any sovereign default. He brings attention to an often-neglected episode in international history to inform, refine, and sometimes challenge the wider study of sovereign default

International Social Work: Professional Action in an Interdependent World, Third Edition, is a comprehensive treatment of all dimensions of international social work. The authors' four-part framework includes domestic practice and policy influenced by global forces, professional exchange, international practice, and global social policy. The first section of the book explores globalization, development and human rights as foundational concepts for international social work. The text then provides an overview of global social issues and international organizations related to social welfare. Part II offers an overview of the global history of the profession. Similarities and differences in social work around the world are examined through seven country examples. Part III provides an extensive discussion of current aspects of the global profession, with chapters on ethics, social policy, international development practice, and practice at the international/domestic interface. Modalities of international professional exchange are then explored prior to a concluding chapter that provides recommendations for international action.The text is enlivened by numerous case examples, drawn from many parts of the world. The history chapters include brief biographies of noted social workers on the international scene whose accomplishments serve as inspiration for readers. The text is extensively referenced with updated professional literature and intergovernmental documents. Carefully selected items in the appendix expand the usefulness of the book.

"With an empowering call to action, The Waste-Free World boldly invites us to end one of the greatest scams in history in order to achieve a bright, sustainable, and prosperous future. As microplastics collect in the ocean by the ton, natural resources are depleted, and cities face mounting landfill disposal bills, consumers and investors are becoming increasingly focused on the quality, durability and environmental footprint of products--yet many industries continue to try to sell us cheap goods and tell us that recycling is too expensive. In The Waste-Free World, Ron Gonen argues that the old take-make-waste economy has cost us consumers and taxpayers billions while cheating us out of a habitable planet. But it doesn't have to be this way. The Waste-Free World reveals the secret history of wasteful consumption and makes a powerful case for transitioning to a Circular Economy--where companies foster innovation, investors recognize long term value creation and consumers are able to align their values with the products they buy. Drawing from his experience as a recycling entrepreneur, public official, and Co-Founder and CEO of a firm investing in scaling the Circular Economy, Gonen showcases brilliant innovations worldwide, introducing us to the entrepreneurs and business leaders that are maximizing value by aligning the interests of customers, shareholders, and our environment"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Endorsement -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Introduction -- Learning From the Global South -- The Arrogance of Western Philosophy -- The Centrality of Critique -- The Genius Motive -- Constructing World History Based On the Scantest of Sources -- Making a Difference in the World -- Structure of this Book -- Bibliography -- 1 Decolonizing Epistemology: Fuzzy Logic -- Ontology, Epistemology, Methodology -- Aristotelian Logic -- Conquest and Categorization -- The World Against Aristotle -- Fuzzy Logic Today: Toward an Operationalization of Fuzzy Logic -- Conclusion -- Note -- Bibliography -- 2 Decolonizing Citizenship: Candomblé Nationhood -- Against Western Epistemological Dominance -- Candomblés Da Bahia -- Candomblé Nationhood -- Salvador: City of Women -- Becoming Yoruba: Joining a Nation By Initiation -- Jus Ritualis -- Implications -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 3 Decolonizing Republicanism: Maroon Republics -- Free Maroon City-Republics: Cimarron Republicanism -- Maroon Political Autonomy in Colombia: Cimarron Republicanism -- The Loss of Autonomy Republican Palenquera -- Cimarron Resistance: the Kuagro -- The Kuagro as the Matrix for Political and Civic Organizing -- Seeking Political Autonomy -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 4 First People of the Americas: Lessons On Democracy, Citizenship, and Politics -- Politics -- The State -- Only Tribes Will Survive: Escaping Wétiko -- The Wintukua - Guardians of the Earth -- Political Leadership -- A Culture of Responsibility -- Conclusions -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 5 The African Origins of Democracy -- Counter-history -- The Timeline -- Against Civilization -- Democracy -- Hunter-Gatherer Egalitarianism and Direct Democracy -- Africa -- Egypt, Phoenicia, Babylon, and Carthage -- Women and Rule -- Kgotla -- Conclusion -- Note.

If sex has generally been agreed a private matter, seduction has always been of intense public interest. Whether the stuff of front-page tabloid news, the scandal of nineteenth-century American courts, or the heart and soul of the literature across the eras, we are fascinated by stories of temptation and resistance, seduction and sex. In the first history of its kind, Clement Knox explores seduction in all its historical and cultural incarnations. Knox's history moves from the Garden of Eden to the medieval traditions of courtly love, to the carnivals of eighteenth-century Venice, and the bawdy world of Georgian London. Along the way we meet Mary Wollstonecraft, her daughter Mary Shelley and her friend Caroline Norton and reckon with their fight for women's rights and freedom. We encounter Jack Johnson, the first black heavyweight champion of the world, who became entangled in America's labyrinthine and racialized seduction laws. We discover how tall tales of predatory vampires, hypnotists, and immigrants were mobilized by Nazis and nativists to help propel them to power. We consider how after seduction seemingly vanished from view during the Sexual Revolution it exploded back into our lives as The Game became a multi-million bestseller, online dating swept the world, and the ongoing male fascination with manipulating women was exposed

"In this magisterial study, Chris Otter traces Britain's transition to a diet rich in animal proteins and refined carbohydrates like wheat and sugar, a diet that required more acreage than that of Britain itself and that, if followed everywhere, would soon deplete the planet's resources-as the title announces, this was truly a "diet for a large planet." From the late 1700s to the end of World War II, Otter accounts for the structures, practices, and ideologies generated by Britain's nutrition transition. He shows how Britain was the first nation to undergo the population explosion, urbanization, and industrialization we associate with modernity, and how it managed the unprecedented problem of how to feed its growing population. Its radical solution would be to outsource its food production, leading away from a locally produced, plant-based diet to one reliant on global markets, international trade networks, and enormous agro-food systems that would have planetary effects on famine, war, the world economy, and the wider earth-system. Not only did this phase in Britain's history make the consumption of meat, white bread, sugar, and butter a coveted diet, linked to development, luxury, and power--it also opened up a new phase in economic history, one whose dramatic effects endure to this day, whether in terms of health problems, eating disorders, or the seemingly endless world food crisis"--

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- FOREWORD TO THE TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY EDITION / Taubman, William -- Part one. The October Revolution: Its Sense and Significance -- 1. A Blunder of History, Accident, or Necessity? -- 2. Was Socialism Built in the Soviet Union? -- 3. Let's Not Oversimplify! A Balance Sheet of the Soviet Years -- 4. October and the World -- 5. One More Balance Sheet: Something Worth Thinking About -- 6. October and Perestroika -- 7. Does Socialism Have a Future? -- 8. Summing Up -- Part two. The Union Could Have Been Preserved -- 9. A Tragic Turn of Events -- 10. Tbilisi . . . Baku . . . Vilnius -- 11. Toward a New Union Treaty -- 12. Referendum on the Union -- 13. The Coup: A Stab in the Back-and the Intrigues of Yeltsin -- 14. The Belovezh Accord: Dissolution of the USSR -- 15. What Lies Ahead? -- Part three. The New Thinking: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow -- 16. The Sources of the New Thinking -- 17. The Very First Steps -- 18. The Conception (1985–1991) -- 19. Overcoming the Cold War -- 20. The Transitional World Order -- 21. The New Thinking in the Post-Confrontational World -- 22. The Challenge of Globalization -- 23. The Challenge of Diversity -- 24. The Challenge of Global Problems -- 25. The Challenge of Power Politics -- 26. The Challenge of Democracy -- 27. The Challenge of Universal Human Values -- 28. The Beginning of History? -- Index