Suchergebnisse

Today the organised crime does not limit within one country's boundaries. Thus, in order to fight it, the use of special investigative methods that would be the most effective, is inevitably used. On one hand, by the use of such special investigative methods it is aimed to protect the rights and fundamental freedoms of persons and secure society. However, on the other hand, the use of such investigative methods may violate the rights of persons with regard to whom such methods are applied. In the context of different international organisations such as the Council of Europe, United Nations, European Union a number of conventions are adopted that allow special investigative methods, including undercover agents, wiretapping, interception of telecommunications and access to computer systems and etc. that would facilitate to gather evidence in such sphere.

In clear and concise words, this Handbook offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the European Convention and the European Court of Human Rights and its case-law. Numerous cross-references guide the reader through the various topics. Various summaries condense the different principles of the Court's case-law. The Handbook has been written largely for practitioners such as lawyers, judges and persons in administrative functions, but will also be invaluable to university teachers and academic researchers. Meticulously compiled, authoritative and practical, it is a must-have resource for anyone concerned with the protection of human rights in Europe. The author served as a Judge at the Court for nine years, three of them as Section President. He is a retired Professor for International and European Law at the University of Zurich in Switzerland. With a Foreword by Judge Robert Spano, President of the European Court of Human Rights

International law — Relation to municipal law — Operation of treaties — Effect on Austrian statute law of operation of European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — The law of Austria.The individual in international law — Human rights and freedoms — European Convention for Protection of (Article 6) — Operation and enforcement in municipal law — Effect on statute law — Whether capable of overriding statute law — The law of Austria.Treaties — Operation and enforcement of — Effect in municipal law — European Convention for Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1950, Article 6 — Effect of Convention on Austrian statute law — Whether Convention capable of overriding Austrian statute law — The law of Austria.

It is now over ten years since the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocol were completed.

Innerhalb der nächsten Jahre kann die EU der EMRK beitreten und sich damit der externen Kontrolle eines internationalen Vertragsregimes unterwerfen. Individuen werden somit den EGMR wegen angeblicher Menschenrechtsverletzungen durch EU-Recht anrufen und Beschwerden direkt gegen die EU richten können.Diese Dissertation behandelt die Frage, wie der Beitritt und das EMRK-Schutzsystem mit der Autonomie des EU-Rechts vereinbart werden können. Dabei wird auch berücksichtigt, wie dieses Ziel erreicht werden kann, ohne dabei das existierende EMRK-System zu gefährden. Daher untersucht diese Dissertation die definitorische und theoretische Grundlage des Begriffs ?Rechtsautonomie? und, im darauffolgenden Hauptteil, fünf verschiedene Rechtsprobleme, welche der Beitritt der EU zur EMRK aufwirft. Diese Kapitel umfassen den rechtlichen Status der EMRK und des Beitrittsabkommens innerhalb des Unionsrechts nach dem Beitritt; die externe Kontrolle des EU-Rechts durch Straßburg und die mögliche Subordination des EuGH unter den EGMR; die Zukunft der Individualbeschwerden und die Einführung des sogenannten ?co-respondent?-Mechanismus; die rechtliche Ausgestaltung von Staatenbeschwerden nach den Beitritt und potentielle Jurisdiktionskonflikte zwischen Straßburg und Luxemburg; und schließlich das Wechselspiel des in der EMRK verankerten Subsidiaritätsprinzips (Erschöpfung des innerstaatlichen Instanzenzuges) und der Einbindung des EuGH in EU-relevanten Fällen.Diese Dissertation zeigt, dass das Beitrittsabkommen durchaus geeignet ist, die Autonomie des EU-Rechts mit dem EMRK-System in Übereinstimmung zu bringen. Außerdem demonstriert diese Arbeit, dass diese Autonomie aufrechterhalten werden kann, ohne dabei das bestehende Schutzsystem der EMRK in irgendeiner Weise zu gefährden oder den Schutzstandard für Individuen zu senken. Damit ist es das abschließende Resultat dieser Dissertation, dass die Autonomie der EU-Rechtsordnung tatsächlich mit dem EMRK-System vereinbar ist. ; Within the next couple of years, the EU may finally accede to the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR) and become subject to the external judicial supervision of an international treaty regime. Individuals will be entitled to submit applications, alleging that their fundamental rights have been violated by legal acts rooted in EU law, against the EU directly to the Strasbourg Court.This study focuses on the question how accession and the system of human rights protection under the ECHR can be reconciled with the autonomy of EU law. This study therefore explores the definitional and theoretical basis of the term ?legal autonomy? and five specific legal issues relating to the EU?s accession to the ECHR. These particular issues cover the legal status and the rank of the ECHR and the Accession Agreement within EU law after accession; the external review of EU law by Strasbourg and the potential subordination of the Luxembourg Court under the European Court of Human Rights; the future of individual applications and the introduction of the so-called co-respondent mechanism; the legal arrangement of inter-party cases and the presumable clash of jurisdictions between the Strasbourg and Luxembourg Courts; and the interplay between the ECHR?s subsidiarity principle (the exhaustion of local remedies) and the prior involvement of the Luxembourg Court in EU-related cases.This study shows that the Draft Accession Agreement is adequate to reconcile the autonomy of EU law with the ECHR?s system of human rights protection, and proves that the drafters of the Accession Agreement accomplished to reconcile the accession of one legal system to another without decreasing the standards of human rights protection provided for by the ECHR. It is therefore the final result of this study that the autonomy of EU law and the EU?s accession to the ECHR are in fact compatible with each other without compromising the system of human rights protection established by the ECHR. ; by Paul Gragl ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Graz, Univ., Diss., 2012 ; OeBB ; (VLID)222300

The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) has evolved from an international agreement into a highly integrated legal community with an ever more pervasive effect on domestic law and individuals. The supranational authority of the European Court of Human Rights bypasses the nation state in a growing number of other areas. Understanding the evolution of the ECHR and its Court may help in explaining and contextualising growing resistance against the Court, and in developing possible responses. Examining the Convention system through the prism of supranationality, Cedric Marti offers a fresh, comprehensive and interdisciplinary perspective on the expanding adjudicatory powers of the Court, including law-making. Marti addresses the growing literature of institutional studies on human rights enforcement to ascertain the particularities of the ECHR and its relationship to domestic legal systems. This study will be of great value to both scholars of international law and human rights practitioners.