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This article examines whether citizens' political preferences toward radical right parties (RRPs) change after right-wing extremist violent attacks. It investigates this question in two ways. First, it presents a time-series study on public support for the RRP Alternative for Germany (AfD) between 2013 and 2019. Second, the article employs a quasi-experimental research design to examine the effect of a right-wing terrorist attack on citizens' attitudes toward immigrants. Both studies indicate that public support for the AfD and its programmatic core positions increased after right-wing extremist attacks. Subsequent analyses suggest that former voters of the mainstream right, in particular, drive this effect. These findings shed light on the determinants of radical right party support, contributing to the long-standing debate on the consequences of political violence.

Cover -- Endorsements Page -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- New Right Metapolitics -- Metapolitics and Violence -- Metapolitics and Digitalization -- Metapolitics 2.0 -- Metapolitics 2.0, Audience Labour and Uptake -- About this Book -- 1 Ideology and Activism in the Digital Age: Theoretical and Methodological Reflections -- The Algorithmic Logic of Post-Digital Societies -- Algorithmic Culture and the Attention-Based Media System -- Digital Media as Context -- Globalization as Context -- Contexts: Methodological Lessons -- Digital Ethnographic Discourse Analysis -- An Ethnographic Approach to Discourse and Discourse Analysis -- Context Revisited, Once More -- Digital Ethnography -- Long-Term Digital Ethnography -- Historicities: Intertextuality and Entextualization -- The Case Method and Live Digital Ethnography -- 2 The Birth of Metapolitics 2.0 -- Metapolitics, the new Right and the Anti-Enlightenment Tradition -- Metapolitics 1.0: Lessons from the Left? -- The new Right and the Anti-Enlightenment Tradition -- Ethno-Differentialism and Organic Democracy as Metapolitics -- Metapolitics, the Interregnum and Revolutionary Rebirth -- Guillaume Faye and the Birth of Metapolitics 2.0 -- Guillaume Faye, the Alt-Right and Metapolitics Re-Invented -- The Hybrid Media System and Metapolitics 2.0 -- Long Live the Emperor. Trump and Alt-Right Metapolitics -- Metapolitics 2.0 and the Identitarian Movement -- Generation Identity's Reconquest and Generational Populism -- Defend Europe: Metapolitics and Digital Media -- Martin Sellner, Fashwave and Faye's Metapolitics -- Guillaume Faye and the Birth of Metapolitics 2.0 -- 3 The Global new Right and the Algorithmic Activism of Schild & -- Vrienden -- Globalization, Globalism and the Global New Right.

Intro -- Dedication -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Lawsuits are Not Enough to Stop the Far-Right -- The Fall of the Alt Right Came from Antifascism -- 25 Theses on Fascism -- The Kult of Kek -- The "Free Speech" Cheat -- We're Being Played -- Wolf Age -- A History of Violence -- Contested Space -- Introduction to Armageddon -- Blackface is the Story of White Identity -- Because of Their Violence -- Living Your Life in a State of War -- The Continuing Appeal of Antisemitism -- Chase the Black Sun -- Index -- Praise for Why We Fight -- Copyright -- Friends of AK Press

Armin Nassehi - Editorial -- Jens-Christian Rabe - Brief eines Lesers (14) -- Peter Felixberger - Rechts! Zwo! Drei! Vier! -- Daniel Bax - Feindbild: Islam -- Hans Hütt - Auf dem Weg in die Tyrannei -- Armin Nassehi - Nicht nur die Rechten -- Rainer Joedecke - Willkommen in Hoyerswerda -- Angela Wierig - Nazis in Sicht -- Liane Bednarz - Radikal bürgerlich -- Barbara Vinken - Die Angst vor der Kastration -- John Stuart Mill - Die Negerfrage -- Anhang -- Die Autoren -- Impressum

In the opinion of some historians the era of fascism ended with the deaths of Mussolini and Hitler. Yet the debate about its nature as a historical phenomenon and its value as a term of historical analysis continues to rage with ever greater intensity, each major attempt to resolve it producing different patterns of support, dissent, and even hostility, from academic colleagues. Nevertheless, a number of developments since 1945 not only complicate the methodological and definitional issues even further, but make it ever more desirable that politicians, journalists, lawyers, and the general public can turn to "experts" for a heuristically useful and broadly consensual definition of the term. These developments include: the emergence of a highly prolific European New Right, the rise of radical right populist parties, the flourishing of ultra-nationalist movements in the former Soviet empire, the radicalization of some currents of Islam and Hinduism into potent political forces, and the upsurge of religious terrorism. Most monographs and articles attempting to establish what is meant by fascism are written from a unilateral authoritative perspective, and the intense academic controversy the term provokes has to be gleaned from reviews and conference discussions. The uniqueness of this book is that it provides exceptional insights into the cut-and-thrust of the controversy as it unfolds on numerous fronts simultaneously, clarifying salient points of difference and moving towards some degree of consensus. Twenty-nine established academics were invited to engage with an article by Roger Griffin, one of the most influential theorists in the study of generic fascism in the Anglophone world. The resulting debate progressed through two 'rounds' of critique and reply, forming a fascinating patchwork of consensus and sometimes heated disagreement. In a

While the field of research in right-wing populism has recently been blossoming and is expanding, a systematic look into the interface of right-wing Populism and Gender is still missing, even though gender issues are omnipresent in discourses of the radical right ranging from "ethnosexism" against immigrants, to "anti-genderism". The volume seeks to strengthen the analysis of the intersection of gender and race as constitutional for radical right discourse. The contributions investigate from different European perspectives the ways in which gender is used as an arena and as an epistemological platform for the ordering and hierarchization of political objectives

This book discusses right-wing extremism by analysing Germanophone research on this topic for the first time in English, including unique survey data from Germany and Austria. Highlighting how questions of terminology can become complicated when country cases are compared, the authors analyse theoretical and methodological issues in relation to the question of right-wing extremism. In Anglo-American academia, the term is often associated with fairly rare phenomena in the form of extremist political groups, whereas in Germany the term is often applied to a wide range of attitudes, behaviours and parties, including those which operate more within the mainstream political sphere. Covering an array of sub-fields such as right-wing terrorism, iconography of the extreme right and the Germanophone discussion on the differentiation of right-wing populism and right-wing extremism, the authors account not only for the centrality of right-wing extremist attitudes in Germanophone research, but also point at its often overlooked relevance for the phenomenon in general. Offering an important insight into the nuanced definition of right-wing extremism across Europe and enhancing both international debate and cross-country comparative research, this book will be of interest to students and scholars researching extremism, German politics and European politics more generally.

An increasing number of U.S. sheriffs claim that they will not enforce gun safety policies from state and federal governments in their counties. As locally elected law enforcement with a unique institutional position and significant powers, sheriffs play a key role in local policy implementation. To better understand cooperation (or the lack thereof) between levels of government, we look at these sheriffs' contentious relationships over firearm regulation. We argue that sheriffs mobilized to resist state and federal gun safety policies through right-wing extremist efforts, tracing the involvement of sheriffs in gun policy over time. Using two surveys of sheriffs (conducted in 2012 and 2021), we show that sheriffs' preferences against gun safety measures relate to right-wing extremist attitudes, even with controls for political and demographic factors. We demonstrate relationships between sheriffs' right-wing extremism and an expressed reluctance to support or enforce a wide set of gun safety policies.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1 Responding to right-wing radicalism: a policy matter -- 2 The radical right and its opponents in France and Germany: contextualisation and evolutions (1950-2017) -- 3 Towards the identification of national frames of responses to right-wing radicalism -- 4 Towards the identification of multiple frames among actors responding to the radical right: between ideas, institutions, and interests -- 5 The decision-making process of policy responses to the radical right -- 6 Banning right-wing extremist associations in France and Germany: decision-making process and outcomes -- Conclusion -- Index.

1. The far right in German history and politics : an introduction -- 2. Tracing the origins and rise of the radical right : the Kaiserreich, 1870-1918 -- 3. Pushing to extremes : the radical right in Weimar Germany, 1919-33 -- 4. National socialist ideology and leadership -- 5. Party membership and propensity for violence -- 6. The extreme right in power : pursuing an ever radicalizing agenda -- 7. The fall, rise and fall of organized right-wing extremism in West Germany, 1945-90 -- 8. Homeland and hate : right-wing extremism and neo-Nazi militancy in unified Germany, 1990-present -- 9. A new millennium for the extreme right?.