Suchergebnisse

While it is possible for economies to grow based on abundant land or natural resources, more often structural change-the shift of resources from low-productivity to high-productivity sectors-is the key driver of economic growth. Structural transformation is vital for Africa. The region's much-lauded growth turnaround since 1995 has been the result of making fewer economic policy mistakes, robust commodity prices, and new discoveries of natural resources. At the same time, Africa's economic structure has changed very little. Primary commodities and natural resources still account for the bulk of the region's exports. Industry is most often the leading driver of structural transformation. Africa's experience with industrialization over the past thirty years has been disappointing. In 2010, sub-Saharan Africa's average share of manufacturing value added in GDP was ten per cent, unchanged from the 1970s. Actually, the share of medium- and high-tech goods in manufacturing production has been falling since the mid-1990s. Per capita manufactured exports are less than ten per cent of the developing country average. Consequently, Africa's industrial transformation has yet to take place

Why industry matters for Africa -- Why industry matters for Africa -- Realities and opportunities -- Industrialization efforts and outcomes -- Can Africa break in? -- Learning to compete -- Productivity, exports and competition -- Firm capabilities -- Industrial clusters -- How Africa can industrialize -- A strategy for industrial development -- Dealing with resource abundance -- An agenda for aid -- Afterword: leopards and laggards.

1. Introduction: African Youth at a Crossroads // Danielle Resnick and James Thurlow. - Part 1 Cross-Country Analyses of Economic and Political Trends. - 2. Youth Employment Prospects in Africa // James Thurlow. - 3. Protesting for a Better Tomorrow? Youth Mobilization in Africa // Danielle Resnick. - Part 2 Youth Aspirations in Urban Africa. - 4. Cities of Youth: Post-Millennial Cases of Mobility and Sociality // Karen Tranberg Hansen. - 5. Youth in Tanzania's Urbanizing Mining Settlements: Prospecting a Mineralized Future // Deborah Fahy Bryceson. - Part 3 Assessing Extant Policy Options for Improving Youth Employment. - 6. Young People, Agriculture and Employment in Rural Africa // James Sumberg, Nana Akua Anyidoho, Michael Chasukwa, Blessings Chinsinga, Jennifer Leavy, Getnet Tadele, Stephen Whitfield, and Joseph Yaro. - 7. Education Policy, Vocational Training, and the Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa // Moses Oketch. - 8. The Success of Learnerships: Lessons from South Africa's Training and Education Programme // Neil Rankin, Gareth Roberts, and Volker Schöer. - 9. Conclusions: Moving Beyond Conventional Wisdoms // Danielle Resnick and James Thurlow