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History has judged FDR as one of America's greatest leaders in part because he maintained the public's confidence in seeing the nation through the travails of the Depression & WWII. During this era, the two most widely employed explanatory variables in contemporary presidential popularity scholarship -- the economy & war -- assumed their most extreme values of the 20th century. Hence, not only is understanding Roosevelt's public support historically important, but it represents a valuable case for filling in our understanding of the opinion dynamics of presidential support more generally. Yet, surprisingly, Roosevelt's approval ratings have attracted little systematic scrutiny. Compiling time-series data from 1937 to 1943, partially disaggregated by economic class, we investigate FDR's popular support among different classes during both national crises. We find that Roosevelt's peacetime support divided along class lines, while during the war class divisions blurred. Roosevelt's support was indeed conditioned by external events, refracted through the interests of different societal groups. We conclude that public support for modern presidents should be similarly studied as the sum of opinions among heterogeneous constituencies. 5 Tables, 4 Figures, 1 Appendix, 54 References. Adapted from the source document.

A preceding paper by Baum examined the valuation of reversionary freehold interests, distinguishing between conventional and modern approaches. This paper applies the same approach to the valuation of leaseholds, and falls into two parts. Part 1 examined conventional leasehold valuations and the criticisms that may be made, concluding that both dual rate and single rate conventional valuations should be abandoned except in limited circumstances. Part 2 identifies three alternative modern approaches — real value, rational model and DCF — and compares their use in three general variations of leasehold valuation. The results are compared, and recommendations for their use are made. Finally an overview of the application of modern approaches to investment property valuation is presented.

A preceding paper by Baum examined the valuation of reversionary freehold interests, distinguishing between conventional and modern approaches. This paper applies the same approach to the valuation of leaseholds, and falls into two parts. Part 1 examines conventional leasehold valuations and the criticisms that may be made, concluding that both dual rate and single rate conventional valuations should be abandoned except in limited circumstances. Part 2 identifies three alternative modern approaches — real value, rational model and DCF — and compares their use in three general variations of leasehold valuation. The results are compared, and recommendations for their use are made. Finally an overview of the application of modern approaches to investment property valuation is presented.

How does the American public formulate its opinions about U.S. foreign policy and military engagement abroad? War Stories argues that the media systematically distort the information the public vitally needs to determine whether to support such initiatives, for reasons having more to do with journalists' professional interests than the merits of the policies, and that this has significant consequences for national security. Matthew Baum and Tim Groeling develop a "strategic bias" theory that explains the foreign-policy communication process as a three-way interaction among the press, political

Themenheft mit den folgenden Beiträgen: Nachbarschaftsprobleme, das Fischereiabkommen zwischen Thailand und Malaysia; B. Baum: Kein Aufbruch zu neuen Ufern : der Kampf um die Aufteilung und Ausbeutung der Meere; A. Pathak: Eine Chance vertan : Unfriedenszone Indischer Ozean; G. Leipold: Strategisch wichtig : begehrte Mineralien aus dem Tiefbergbau ; ökologische Folgen des Tiefseebergbaus; A. Studte: Neues Seerecht : Finale con lamentoso ; die 3. Seerechtskonferenz; S. Gundert-Hock: Freiheit der Meere - Freiheit der Mächtigen; F. Bethke: Von Meeren und Märkten : Wem nützt die Blaue Revolution? ; Übersicht über Fischereikonflikte weltweit; E. Garbe: Raubschiffe gegen Raubfisch : Thunfisch-Piratentum im Südpazifik; S. Gundert-Hock: Fisch gratis vor Namibia; F. Bethke: Protein für die Armen oder Seafood für verwöhnte Gaumen : widersprüchliche Entwicklung der Seefischerei in Indonesien; G. Rath: Reichtum durch Fischfang? : zwei pazifische Inseln versuchen, den Schatz zu heben (West-Samoa und Kiribati); G. Rüppel: Gegen Ausbeutung auf See : das "Philippine Seamen's Assistance Program"; B. Baum: Die letzten Pfründe : Antarktis in Gefahr und B. Baum: Je tiefer, desto besser : Atommüllkippe Ozean. (DÜI-Ptk)