Suchergebnisse

Language Change in the Most Recent Lithuanian Literature of Migration and Mobility. When discussing literary multilingualism within the Lithuanian literary scene, researchers usually refer to different groups of authors. Some were born and socialised abroad immediately after the Second World War, some left Lithuania after 1990, but producing their texts in different linguistic contexts all of them write consistently in one language, English or Lithuanian. In the most recent Lithuanian migration and mobility literature, however, one can observe examples of intra-textual bilingualism or multilingualism, which illustrate the integration problems of Lithuanian (labour) migrants into foreign societies on the one hand and the development of multiple global identities on the other. The paper examines these spreading tendencies focusing on the exemplary novel Stasys Šaltoka (2017) by Gabija Grušaitė and discussing the structure and functions of the intra-textual code-switching. The creative use of language directed against conventional linguistic purism shows that the young generation of Lithuanian authors tends to break language and cultural borders. The authors Unė Kaunaitė, Gabija Grušaitė and others show that the playful use of multilingualism can be subversive, ironic, but at the same time can highlight the problems of language dominance and thus political, social and cultural exclusion, express group mentality, identity changes, etc. The way that Lithuanian literature deals with multilingualism, expressed explicitly or implicitly, reveals the extent to which certain literary texts can be described as transcultural, in line with the current tone of European and global migration and mobility literature.

Corruption as a phenomenon, not only destroys the economic base of a country, but it violates the basis of its legal system, legislation, judiciary, public-private institutions, cultural and health institutions, social policies of society and others. In order to know and study the phenomenon of corruption, we must definitely stop at some criminogenic factors which have a significant impact on the appearance of the occurrence of corruption. Thus, corruption as a criminal occurrence is present throughout the history of the state and human society and as such has always been considered as an immoral and harmful social occurrence. Corruption is especially expressed in times of crisis of certain societies, but also along with the strengthening of the state, the development of business activities, the interference of the state in the economy and the bureaucratization of society it has found its housing of presence as a criminal occurrence. Today, the occurrence of corruption has become one of the obvious problems in most countries almost all over the globe. Factors that have influenced the appearance of this occurrence are numerous, such as: the transition of society, economic crises, unemployment, poverty, mass media, the war and the circumstances of the war, the unresolved housing problems, etc. For this, in recent times, corruption has been characterized as one of the most negative social occurrence. Cooperation between relevant state institutions and citizens for this type of criminal activity is extremely important for detecting corruption as a criminal offense.

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic is plaguing the world and representing the most significant stress test for many national healthcare systems and services, since their foundation. The supply-chain disruption and the unprecedented request for intensive care unit (ICU) beds have created in Europe conditions typical of low-resources settings. This generated a remarkable race to find solutions for the prevention, treatment and management of this disease which is involving a large amount of people. Every day, new Do-It-Yourself (DIY) solutions regarding personal protective equipment and medical devices populate social media feeds. Many companies (e.g., automotive or textile) are converting their traditional production to manufacture the most needed equipment (e.g., respirators, face shields, ventilators etc.). In this chaotic scenario, policy makers, international and national standards bodies, along with the World Health Organization (WHO) and scientific societies are making a joint effort to increase global awareness and knowledge about the importance of respecting the relevant requirements to guarantee appropriate quality and safety for patients and healthcare workers. Nonetheless, ordinary procedures for testing and certification are currently questioned and empowered with fast-track pathways in order to speed-up the deployment of new solutions for COVID-19. This paper shares critical reflections on the current regulatory framework for the certification of personal protective equipment. We hope that these reflections may help readers in navigating the framework of regulations, norms and international standards relevant for key personal protective equipment, sharing a subset of tests that should be deemed essential even in a period of crisis.

House has become basic human needs; however this is critical problem especially in urban areas. In order to uncover housing shortages, the government has programmed to build walk up flat, due to that horizontal housing has bad following impacts. Walk up flat is possible alternative to be considered to solve existing problems. The goal of this study is to understand walk up flat typology in Indonesia. Besides that it is hoped that it can be explained dwellers' behavior and their adaptation mechanism has been done. Qualitative method with case study approach has been used in this research. Several walk up flats inbig cities in Indonesia has been selected as case studies. Observation results and study show there are many types of walk up flat in Indonesia, either in terms of ownership status, developers, number of floors, layout, dimension of floor space unit, goals of development, etc. Urban societies in Indonesia have no meaningful problems live in walk up flat. They can adapt, and able to adjust live in walk up flat. Live in walk up flat enhance their tolerance, and lower the privacy standard they enjoyed. Many social activities have been created to establish community's sense and to improve dwellers' capacities. Almost no considerable problem found, either in term of social live or in term of security in walk up flat. Small cases may happened, however dwellers perceive that it is common and they believe that the life will back to normal afterwards.Keywords: walk up flat, apartment for society, cultural adaptation, Bali

Not Available ; This publication is based on an assessment of fish and fishing gear loss from selected gillnet and trammel net fisheries of India. It presents information on the types, causes and levels of losses, as well as technological, social, environmental and policy options to reduce losses from fishing and post-harvest operations. A secondary data review provided a preliminary understanding of fish and gear losses in India. Data from state governments, fishers cooperative societies, and community centres was used to address some knowledge gaps. Research teams undertook primary data collection in 12 locations, and 583 fishing vessels were surveyed. Respondents in group and key informant interviews included vessel captains, crew, fish vendors and auction agents. Women respondents were interviewed where available. The study found that gillnet fisheries were characterized by sizeable losses of both fish and gear, with a number of causes being highlighted. The combined loss of fish and nets amounted to almost one third of a motorized vessel owner's income, and was significantly higher than the household's expenditure on fishing, household maintenance, quality-of-life costs (healthcare, etc.), loan servicing, or leisure activities. Conclusions seek to locate the fish and gear losses in the wider fisheries and macroeconomic context, and emphasize the need to address them as part of broader and holistic development and management agendas. This publication will be of interest to technical specialists and extension agents concerned with loss and waste prevention and reduction, and to those wishing to learn more about the topic and conduct similar research. ; Not Available

The current COVID-19 pandemic (https://www.who. int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19%2D%2 D-11-march-2020) has highlighted the importance of science and medicine, specifically public health, in our modern societies. Countries have taken different approaches to the pandemic. Science and medicine will play an important role in our way forward. Specifically, genetics and genomics will be central in discovering variations in virus strains and their impact on patients' susceptibility, progression, and outcome. Additionally, the human and zoonotic hosts' ability to fend off the virus and the severity of disease in patients will have genomic elements. Furthermore, the question of long-term immunity to COVID-19 will likely have a genomic basis which should be investigated. Some of these genetic and genomic investigations will undoubtedly be suitable for publication in Human Genomics. We, therefore, expressly welcome submissions of manuscripts on such subjects to the thematic series on the "Genomics of COVID-19: molecular mechanisms going from susceptibility to severity of the disease." As citizen-scientists, we also have a responsibility toward society as citizens first and foremost but also specifically as scientists working on improving the lives of all humans. Political aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and its origins can and should not be ignored as the needs of all humans: rich and poor, various ethnicities, rural vs. urban, different health and political systems, etc. These aspects, if fitting within the scope of the journal, will also be considered for publication in this thematic series in Human Genomic

Not Available ; This publication is based on an assessment of fish and fishing gear loss from selected gillnet and trammel net fisheries of India. It presents information on the types, causes and levels of losses, as well as technological, social, environmental and policy options to reduce losses from fishing and post-harvest operations. A secondary data review provided a preliminary understanding of fish and gear losses in India. Data from state governments, fishers cooperative societies, and community centres was used to address some knowledge gaps. Research teams undertook primary data collection in 12 locations, and 583 fishing vessels were surveyed. Respondents in group and key informant interviews included vessel captains, crew, fish vendors and auction agents. Women respondents were interviewed where available. The study found that gillnet fisheries were characterized by sizeable losses of both fish and gear, with a number of causes being highlighted. The combined loss of fish and nets amounted to almost one third of a motorized vessel owner's income, and was significantly higher than the household's expenditure on fishing, household maintenance, quality-of-life costs (healthcare, etc.), loan servicing, or leisure activities. Conclusions seek to locate the fish and gear losses in the wider fisheries and macroeconomic context, and emphasize the need to address them as part of broader and holistic development and management agendas. This publication will be of interest to technical specialists and extension agents concerned with loss and waste prevention and reduction, and to those wishing to learn more about the topic and conduct similar research. ; Not Available

Corruption as a phenomenon, not only destroys the economic base of a country, but it violates the basis of its legal system, legislation, judiciary, public-private institutions, cultural and health institutions, social policies of society and others. In order to know and study the phenomenon of corruption, we must definitely stop at some criminogenic factors which have a significant impact on the appearance of the occurrence of corruption. Thus, corruption as a criminal occurrence is present throughout the history of the state and human society and as such has always been considered as an immoral and harmful social occurrence. Corruption is especially expressed in times of crisis of certain societies, but also along with the strengthening of the state, the development of business activities, the interference of the state in the economy and the bureaucratization of society it has found its housing of presence as a criminal occurrence. Today, the occurrence of corruption has become one of the obvious problems in most countries almost all over the globe. Factors that have influenced the appearance of this occurrence are numerous, such as: the transition of society, economic crises, unemployment, poverty, mass media, the war and the circumstances of the war, the unresolved housing problems, etc. For this, in recent times, corruption has been characterized as one of the most negative social occurrence. Cooperation between relevant state institutions and citizens for this type of criminal activity is extremely important for detecting corruption as a criminal offense.

Newspaper journalism is a vast area of research that has gained much attention from academics and media industry. Because of the immense contribution of media to social, economic, political and cultural development to societies, understanding the links and impacts of media and media content on audiences and the polity has been stressed. Democracy has been shown to be a means to an end, and public opinion and participation are invariably shown to affect and be affected by democracy and media content. By its unique characteristics (private ownership, less state influence, greater independence, ability to criticize the state, etc.) newspaper has been shown to influence government and public agenda and set agenda for broadcast and online media. One of the popular methodological approaches adopted in media agenda-setting research is content analysis. Based on the Agenda-Setting theory, this paper employed a quantitative content analysis approach to provide an understanding about the content of Daily Trust newspaper (a Nigerian national daily) in order to provide some guidance on the practical skills and theoretical knowledge about content analysis both as a methodology and theoretical framework for the benefits of postgraduate media content analysis students and researchers. The findings showed that pictures, headlines and news stories were the dominant units of analysis while politics (democracy, governance and party politics) religion and crisis (ethno-religious crises issues surrounding the herdsmen-farmers conflict) were the dominant content categories. Daily Trust newspaper should continue embracing development and peace journalism trend of journalism.

Trade agreements can contribute to long term development - and thus to addressing the causes of flight and migration - as long as they consistently pursue sustainable development and real market opening. The latest theoretical and empirical findings highlight the enormous complexity of the relationship between trade and migration. Other factors (such as war, economic crisis etc.) often play a larger role as triggers of migration than trade policy and trade agreements. One aspect is incontestable: Migration always has a positive effect on trade flows. Conversely, the effect of trade agreements on migration is sometimes positive, sometimes negative: If they lead to increasing per capita income they may temporarily stimulate migration. A certain level of income is required before people are able to emigrate at all. Using trade agreements to create legal migration opportunities in the area of services reduces the incentive for irregular migration. This question is especially relevant for the EU, as it faces the looming problem of labour shortages in the ageing societies of its member states. Ecological and social aspects of investment and trade should be better integrated in all free trade agreements. South Africa and the countries of North Africa offer the greatest potential to expand market access. The EU has already completely opened its markets to most sub-Saharan countries. The respective policy instruments for trade and migration need to be better coordinated in order to reduce the contradictions between them and to address justified concerns about uncontrolled immigration.

El conflicto actual entre mundo occidental y el "terrorismo islamista" es algo que va mucho más allá del problema que supone la violencia —trágica y dolorosa— que ejercen y en la que se basan estos grupos. Efectivamente, la brecha que divide a estos grupos de nuestras sociedades es civilizatoria: se sustenta en diferentes y antagónicas propuestas sobre cómo debe organizarse la vida social. En este sentido, el choque es entre una modernidad occidental y un modelo de organización social —también moderno— que no separa lo político, lo religioso, o social, etc. Sin embargo, los conceptos políticos occidentales "secularizados" siguen siendo de corte teológico: de aquí un choque de "civilizaciones", entendidas como diferentes modelos de organización de lo social y de lo político ; The current conflict between the Western world and "Islamic terrorism" derives from something more than the mere problem of the —tragic and painful— violence these groups use. In fact, the gap that divides them from our societies is a civilizational one as it is created by different and antagonist conceptions of how the social sphere should be organized. There is a clash between a Western modernity and a model of social organization —which is also modern— that does not separate the political, the religious and the social sphere. Nevertheless, the "secularized" Western political concepts may also be considered theological ones, something that creates a clash of "civilizations", a clash of different models of organization of the social and political sphere

The current conflict between the Western world and "Islamic terrorism" derives from something more than the mere problem of the —tragic and painful— violence these groups use. In fact, the gap that divides them from our societies is a civilizational one as it is created by different and antagonist conceptions of how the social sphere should be organized. There is a clash between a Western modernity and a model of social organization —which is also modern— that does not separate the political, the religious and the social sphere. Nevertheless, the "secularized" Western political concepts may also be considered theological ones, something that creates a clash of "civilizations", a clash of different models of organization of the social and political sphere. ; El conflicto actual entre mundo occidental y el "terrorismo islamista" es algo que va mucho más allá del problema que supone la violencia —trágica y dolorosa— que ejercen y en la que se basan estos grupos. Efectivamente, la brecha que divide a estos grupos de nuestras sociedades es civilizatoria: se sustenta en diferentes y antagónicas propuestas sobre cómo debe organizarse la vida social. En este sentido, el choque es entre una modernidad occidental y un modelo de organización social —también moderno— que no separa lo político, lo religioso, o social, etc. Sin embargo, los conceptos políticos occidentales "secularizados" siguen siendo de corte teológico: de aquí un choque de "civilizaciones", entendidas como diferentes modelos de organización de lo social y de lo político­.

There is a principle difference between the structures of, say, an ant colony, however elaborate and finely structured it may be, and that of a modern, capitalist society. On the face of it, this is of course a trivial point. Of course, ants and humans are different. We have much more complicated and varied behaviour, invent technologies and find surprising ways of destroying ourselves. Ants have one or very few purposes, while humans are full of ideas and constantly renew themselves. Nonetheless; elaborating more precisely, wherein the principle difference consists, contains, I would claim, some implications for Alenka Zupančič' precise ontological, as well as political, position, which are not that trivial after all. Something else appears in human society, which exceeds or deviates from nature as it otherwise appears, or which, as Zupančič formulates it, represents nature's own inherent deviation (from itself). The difference between the two communities of ants and humans is therefore not only one of degree. Humans are not (just) more "intelligent", efficient, malicious etc.; they are constructing societies that are based on a radical deviation from (anything else in) nature or is this very deviation. The precise nature of this deviation is in many ways the theme of What IS Sex?, (because sex itself is the name of this deviation), and what I would like to do here is to draw some consequences from it, which relate to the political and ontological commitments in the book that are maybe not entirely clear from the text itself.

There is a principle difference between the structures of, say, an ant colony, however elaborate and finely structured it may be, and that of a modern, capitalist society. On the face of it, this is of course a trivial point. Of course, ants and humans are different. We have much more complicated and varied behaviour, invent technologies and find surprising ways of destroying ourselves. Ants have one or very few purposes, while humans are full of ideas and constantly renew themselves. Nonetheless; elaborating more precisely, wherein the principle difference consists, contains, I would claim, some implications for Alenka Zupančič' precise ontological, as well as political, position, which are not that trivial after all. Something else appears in human society, which exceeds or deviates from nature as it otherwise appears, or which, as Zupančič formulates it, represents nature's own inherent deviation (from itself). The difference between the two communities of ants and humans is therefore not only one of degree. Humans are not (just) more "intelligent", efficient, malicious etc.; they are constructing societies that are based on a radical deviation from (anything else in) nature or is this very deviation. The precise nature of this deviation is in many ways the theme of What IS Sex?, (because sex itself is the name of this deviation), and what I would like to do here is to draw some consequences from it, which relate to the political and ontological commitments in the book that are maybe not entirely clear from the text itself.

Artículos en revistas ; Los excesos de la globalización, los regímenes híbridos en el mundo musulmán, la falta de credibilidad de los proyectos pana- rabistas y panislámicos, etc., han provocado que una importante parte de la umma la co- munidad de creyentes del islam busque res- puestas alternativas a las opciones políticas tradicionales. Frente a las repuestas neofun- damentalistas,posislamistasoconservadoras en algunas sociedades islámicas, comienzan a emerger otras opciones como el «populismo islámico», que recoge algunos elementos ya apuntados por la Revolución Iraní pero que incorpora nuevas demandas derivadas de las condiciones políticas, sociales y económicas actuales. El presente artículo busca identificar estos elementos que constituyen el populismo islámico mediante un estudio comparado de los casos de Egipto, Turquía, Indonesia e Irán. ; Globalisation s excesses, the Mus- lim world s hybrid regimes and the lack of credibility of pan-Arab and pan-Islamic pro- jects have, along with other factors, caused a significant part of the umma to seek al- ternative responses to the traditional politi- cal options. As well as neo-fundamentalist, post-Islamist and conservative responses, in some Islamic societies other options such as Islamic populism are beginning to emerge, which takes up certain features of the Iranian Revolution but incorporating new demands deriving from contemporary political, social and economic conditions. This paper seeks to identify the elements that constitute Islamic populism through a comparative study of the cases of Egypt, Turkey, Indonesia and Iran. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion