Abstract In many parts of the world, social workers have long supported disaster responses although in Aotearoa New Zealand, social work is not generally considered an essential component of disaster management. Promoting the development of safer, less vulnerable communities, is however a key activity for both social work and disaster management. The recent shift from a traditional focus on hazards to vulnerability and resilience consolidates the alignment and importance of social work within this field. This article reports the results of the first known survey of registered social workers in Aotearoa New Zealand and their involvement in disaster events. Additionally, the article highlights the perspectives of six disaster management professionals on the role of social workers in disaster management. The findings offer examples of social workers' engagement in disaster work, the variable understanding of social work by disaster management personnel, and the importance of social work maintaining a positive public profile. Implications for future social work practice and education internationally as well as disaster management policy and practice are outlined.
▪ Abstract We consider the relationships between the collective preference and non-cooperative game theory approaches to positive political theory. In particular, we show that an apparently decisive difference between the two approaches—that in sufficiently complex environments (e.g. high-dimensional choice spaces) direct preference aggregation models are incapable of generating any prediction at all, whereas non-cooperative game-theoretic models almost always generate prediction—is indeed only an apparent difference. More generally, we argue that when modeling collective decisions there is a fundamental tension between insuring existence of well-defined predictions, a criterion of minimal democracy, and general applicability to complex environments; while any two of the three are compatible under either approach, neither collective preference nor non-cooperative game theory can support models that simultaneously satisfy all three desiderata.
While recent research has indicated that men's social support resources may be inferior to women's due to societal sex roles, the literature on the consequences of this disadvantage has been mixed. This study explored the hypothesis that men have developed methods of obtaining support which do not conflict with their masculine values. It was proposed that (1) men prefer to receive nurturance from women, and (2) social drinking may facilitate supportive exchanges involving males by easing restrictions against traditionally feminine behaviors. The results were consistent with these hypotheses. It was found that the level of the 205 male subjects' belief in traditional sex-role values was negatively related to a number of social support variables. The subjects also reported a clear preference for females as primary sources of emotional support. Finally, social drinking was found to be a significant positive factor in supportive exchanges particularly when they occurred between men.
"Through an examination of philanthropic trends in eight key Middle Eastern countries, this book seeks to shed light on the forms of institutionalized giving that currently exist, as well as to provide recommendations for how charitable contributions can be most effective as vehicles of future social change. Drawing on data collected from endowed corporate foundations, public-private partnerships, and small-scale community-based organizations, this study marks the first attempt to map the dynamic contemporary landscape of philanthropy in the Arab region."--Jacket
Climate services' main function has been to provide technical scientific evidence for decision-making in formal institutions. This article makes a case for recognising the diverse functions and meanings of climate services across the spectrum of institutions constituting climate governance. The article reports on research that identified climate services needs for building resilience in Bergen city (Norway) through a collaborative back-casting workshop with actors variously engaged in climate governance. Participants' discussions raised four key observations on climate services. First, they saw the potential for using climate information in a diverse set of formal and informal institutions. Second, they considered how to adapt information to these diverse settings. Third, they looked at how information could enhance existing initiatives, rather than demanding 'new' products. And fourth, participants' proposed climate services highlighted their diverse functions, and led the authors to suggest classifying services according to their principal functions. The article finishes by proposing a field of 'social climate services' that configures relationships between scientists and social actors, built on technologies of humility, for enriching the ongoing culturally and politically charged debates and practices around climatic change in informal institutional settings. Social climate services function can include enabling people to voice their concerns, learn, critically reflect on changes to culture and identity, build social networks, and try out new practices.
An attempt to define terms for sociological analysis, focusing on change & conflict as opposed to social systems ("functionalist") or "power relations." "Collective behavior," "social struggles," & "social movement" are defined in terms of whether actions are responsive or active & whether they focus on general power relationships or specific decisions. The women's movement is cited as today's most important cultural movement. The analysis of social movements can penetrate areas of social order, crisis, & social change, creating hope for the ability of schools & social work to lessen social inequality, & implying that social order, the solidification of social relations into state control, may not not necessarily be the trend of the future. J. Woodward.
Originally published in 1984, this is a documented account of the political history of the former British colony of Guyana. Providing a reflection of the increasing involvement of the United States in the Caribbean and Central America on the long-term political, social and economic effect that intervention can have on the small states of less developed countries during the period of 1945 to 1983. The text includes a detailed historical account of post-World War II politics and moves onto the emergence of the nationalist movement in Guyana in the late 1940s and the cold war period of the 1950s; concluding with the consequences both politically and economically in the 1980s.
The Internet, including the social media services, has considerably changed the manner in which consumers voice favourable or unfavourable recommendations about products and services. Development of social media allowed reaching a significantly greater number of persons in a quicker way. One may also notice that the range of thematic comments has been expanded – customers speak not only about the quality of the products, their prices, service levels, but also about other aspects of how marketing companies function. Finally, it is worth paying attention to the language of these opinions, which – in the case of a negative experience with a product or retailer advertising – is often aggressive. With the development and dissemination of social networking, PR and marketing communications managers must learn how to communicate and satisfy customers and those who express their discontent at different stages of the purchase funnel. This is especially important in the case of negative word of mouth (NWOM) because every negative opinion can become the nucleus of major problems within brand image and the brand crisis. The aim of the article is to show the specificity of word of mouth in social media (sWOM) as one of the forms of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) and to depict phenomenon of NWOM in social media basing on selected case studies from the Polish market.
I propose an economic analysis of the China's rural social security system. The article takes a snapshot of the gradual changes underwent in the rural medium, replacement of family and land security with a modern system based on social funds and democratic management. Some ideas developed are: necessity and urgency of the social security system under new conditions of rural development in China, pros and cons; current situation and main problems of rural social security, plus the perspectives. It offers suggestions and possible solutions in drafting some principles for the foundation to reform the rural social security system in China.
Abstract.In the last 20 years, the idea that the social realm is under threat of decline or collapse has been a central theme in academic literature and political analysis. In this short paper I explore the meaning of social decline and its relationship to multiculturalism and diversity. Using the twin notions of participation and trust as two key measures of social decline, I argue that participation has not so much declined over the last 40 years (as Robert Putnam, for example, has argued) as it has changed because of what I call the politics of the us's—groups historically oppressed (including women, ethnic and racialized minorities and gay, lesbian and disabled citizens) who have created new kinds of advocacy organizations in order to change the norms of civil society itself. I also argue that such changes (while often perceived as negative in relation to a transcendent "us") are positive to the extent that they have made society more inclusive, respectful of diversity and just. Trust, on the other hand,hasdeclined but, I argue, this is also due to the politics of diversity as the us's fought for change and other groups responded by defending traditional norms and values, often in the name of a transcendental us, creating a vicious circle of distrust as each side feels betrayed by the other's victories. Thus, I conclude, to understand social decline, in terms of participation and trust, we must pay attention not only to the us but also to the us's in civil society. The tendency, therefore, to champion a transcendent us in order to reverse social decline, as many scholars and politicians seem prone to do in recent years, not only ignores the us's but may foreclose on their hope for a future free from discrimination and hate.Résumé.Au cours des vingt dernières années, l'idée que le champ social est menacé de déclin ou d'effondrement a été un thème central dans la littérature académique et l'analyse politique. Dans ce court article, j'explore la signification du déclin social et sa relation avec le multiculturalisme et la diversité. En utilisant les notions liées de participation et de confiance en tant que deux mesures principales du déclin social, j'avance que la participation n'a pas tellement diminué au cours des quarante dernières années (comme le soutient Robert Putnam, par exemple), mais qu'elle a plutôt changé en raison de ce que j'appelle la politique des nous – soit des groupes longtemps opprimés (comprenant les femmes, les minorités ethniques et racialisées, ainsi que les gais, les lesbiennes et les personnes handicapées) qui ont créé de nouveaux types d'organismes représentatifs afin de changer les normes de la société civile. Je soutiens également que de tels changements (souvent perçus négativement par rapport à un «nous» transcendant) sont positifs dans la mesure où ils ont permis à la société de devenir plus inclusive, plus respectueuse de la diversité et plus juste. D'autre part, la confiance a effectivement diminué, mais je soutiens que c'est également en raison de la politique de la diversité, car les nous ont lutté pour faire changer les choses et d'autres groupes ont réagi en défendant les normes et les valeurs traditionnelles, souvent au nom d'un «nous» transcendant – créant ainsi un cercle vicieux de méfiance où chaque côté se sent trahi par les victoires de l'autre. Je conclus donc que pour comprendre le déclin social, en termes de participation et de confiance, nous devons porter attention non seulement au «nous», mais également aux nous dans la société civile. Par conséquent, la tendance à prôner un «nous» transcendant afin de renverser le déclin social, comme le font plusieurs chercheurs et politiciens ces dernières années, en plus d'ignorer les nous, peut aussi éteindre leur espoir d'un avenir libre de discrimination et de haine.
La thématique du contrôle social évoque une entreprise d'assujettissement des individus, en particulier de ceux qui posent un problème pour le maintien de l'ordre public et le système économique. Elle conduit à considérer que les travailleurs sociaux y contribuent. Ce discours critique, né dans les années 1960-1970, a alimenté une culpabilisation, qui, dans certains cas, s'est transformée en souffrance subjective. Cela nécessite d'en reparler et de créer les conditions d'un débat.
Сучасне розуміння питання трудових відносин багатозначне. У широкому змісті під ним розуміються врегульовані нормами трудового права суспільні відносини, що виникають як результат впливу норм трудового права на поведінку суб'єктів трудової діяльності в результаті укладення трудового договору, внаслідок якого між ними виникають правові зв'язки, а також відносини з приводу встановлення умов праці на підприємстві, навчання і перекваліфікації за місцем роботи та відносини, пов'язані з наглядом і контролем за додержанням трудового законодавства, вирішенням трудових спорів та працевлаштуванням громадян. Соціально-трудові відносини залежно від способу їхнього регулювання, методів розв'язання проблем класифікують за типами. Тип соціально-трудових водоносин визначається їх характером, способами їх регулювання, методами. Пріоритетність конкретних принципів існування соціально-трудових відносин, їх комбінація в процесі розв'язання проблем у соціально-трудовій сфері характеризують тип соціально-трудових відносин та соціального партнерства на підприємстві. Основними завданнями дослідження соціальної відповідальності є набуття знань з основних аспектів теорії соціального управління; ознайомлення з досвідом соціального управління за науковими працями зарубіжних авторів; розвиток і вдосконалення особистих якостей, які необхідні в управлінській діяльності. Під системою соціальної відповідальності розуміють сукупність функцій та повноважень, які необхідні для здійснення управлінського впливу, у тому числі і соціального. Система соціального управління повинна будуватися з врахуванням основних принципів соціальної відповідальності: функціональної інтеграції, професіоналізму, відповідальності за наслідками приймаємих рішень, оптимального співвідношення централізму та децентралізму. Для того щоб визначити площину охоплення соціальної відповідальності, виявити проблеми та установити пріоритети, організації слід розглянути основні аспекти системи соціальної відповідальності. ; The modern conception of labor relations is multifaceted. In a broader sense it refers to public relations settled by labor laws. They emerge as a result of labor laws influencing the behavior of subjects of labor activity after signing a labor agreement. This results in the emergence of legal ties, relations based on establishing the conditions of employment, in-house training and retraining as well as relations connected to ensuringcompliance with labor legislation, settling labor disputes and placement of citizens. Social and labor relations depending on their regulation mode, methods of solving problems can be classified into several types. The types of social and labor relations are defined by their nature and ways and methods of their regulation. The priority if certain principles of social and labor relations, their combination in the process of problem solving in social andlabor area characterize the type of social and labor relations and social partnership at an enterprise. The main goals of social responsibility research are obtaining knowledge on the major aspects of the social management theory, familiarizing with the experience of social management based on scientific works by foreign authors, developing and improving your personal qualities which are necessary in a management process. The social responsibility system is a combination of functions and responsibilities which are necessary for managerial and social influence. The social management system must be built considering the main principles of social responsibility: functional integration, professionalism, decision making responsibility, optimal correlation of centralization and decentralization. To determine the scope of social responsibility, determine problems and set priorities, an organization should consider the main aspects of social responsibility system.
